scholarly journals A comprehensive review of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that regulateBDNFexpression and function with relevance to major depressive disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hing ◽  
Leela Sathyaputri ◽  
James B. Potash
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Exploring the Role and Potential of Probiotics in the Field of Mental Health: Major Depressive Disorder

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Dinyadarshini Johnson ◽  
Sivakumar Thurairajasingam ◽  
Vengadesh Letchumanan ◽  
Kok-Gan Chan ◽  
Learn-Han Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Probiotic Intervention

The field of probiotic has been exponentially expanding over the recent decades with a more therapeutic-centered research. Probiotics mediated microbiota modulation within the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) have been proven to be beneficial in various health domains through pre-clinical and clinical studies. In the context of mental health, although probiotic research is still in its infancy stage, the promising role and potential of probiotics in various mental disorders demonstrated via in-vivo and in-vitro studies have laid a strong foundation for translating preclinical models to humans. The exploration of the therapeutic role and potential of probiotics in major depressive disorder (MDD) is an extremely noteworthy field of research. The possible etio-pathological mechanisms of depression involving inflammation, neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and epigenetic mechanisms potentially benefit from probiotic intervention. Probiotics, both as an adjunct to antidepressants or a stand-alone intervention, have a beneficial role and potential in mitigating anti-depressive effects, and confers some advantages compared to conventional treatments of depression using anti-depressants.

scholarly journals Associations between increased circulating endothelial progenitor cell levels and anxiety/depressive severity, cognitive deficit and function disability among patients with major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Jay Liou ◽  
Mu-Hong Chen ◽  
Ju-Wei Hsu ◽  
Kai-Lin Huang ◽  
Po-Hsun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe association of major depressive disorder (MDD) with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) through endothelial dysfunction is bidirectional. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPCs), essential for endothelial repair and function, are associated with risks of various CVDs. Here, the relationship of cEPC counts with MDD and the related clinical presentations were investigated in 50 patients with MDD and 46 healthy controls. In patients with MDD, a battery of clinical domains was analysed: depressed mood with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), anxiety with Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), cognitive dysfunction and deficit with Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), somatic symptoms with Depressive and Somatic Symptom Scale (DSSS), quality of life with 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and functional disability with Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS). Immature and mature cEPC counts were measured through flow cytometry. Increased mature and immature cEPC counts were significantly associated with higher anxiety after controlling the confounding effect of systolic blood pressure, and potentially associated with more severe depressive symptoms, worse cognitive performance and increased cognitive deficit, higher social disability, and worse mental health outcomes. Thus, cEPCs might have pleiotropic effects on MDD-associated symptoms and psychosocial outcomes.

Stress and the Brain

2018 ◽  
pp. 434-462
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Barch ◽  
David Pagliaccio
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Diffusion Imaging ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Brain Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

This chapter reviews associations between early life stress and brain structure and function as assessed by structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Particularly, this chapter focuses on structural associations in children and adults and the regional overlap with neural alterations observed in major depressive disorder, though we also more briefly cover diffusion imaging, task-based imaging, and resting-state functional connectivity. Major depressive disorder is highlighted given that early life stress is a critical risk factor for depression and the neural alterations observed with stress and depression may serve as key mediating factors of this association. A brief methodological overview is provided for each neuroimaging domain as well as a discussion of limitations and future directions for this field.

A neuroscientific update on monoamine oxidase and its inhibitors

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (s1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Oxidase System ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
And Function

The goal of this brief review is to explain the role of monoamine oxidase enzymes in the neurobiology, etiology, and presentation of psychiatric illnesses, primarily major depressive disorder. This article will initially focus on the basic science and function of the monoamine oxidase system and some proposed neuropsychiatric symptoms that may arise if this enzyme system is altered by genetic predisposition. These findings and theories will next be translationally discussed in regard to clinical application pertaining to enzyme inhibition and the treatment of major depressive and other psychiatric disorders.

A comprehensive review on the efficacy of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine in Major Depressive Disorder.

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico De Berardis ◽  
Laura Orsolini ◽  
Nicola Serroni ◽  
Gabriella Girinelli ◽  
Felice Iasevoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals Role of trophic factors GDNF, IGF-1 and VEGF in major depressive disorder: A comprehensive review of human studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaykumar N. Sharma ◽  
Bruno Fernando Borges da Costa e Silva ◽  
Jair C. Soares ◽  
André F. Carvalho ◽  
Joao Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Comprehensive Review

scholarly journals Cerebello-cerebral Functional Connectivity Networks in Major Depressive Disorder: A CAN-BIND-1 Study Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheeba Arnold Anteraper ◽  
Xavier Guell ◽  
Yoon Ji Lee ◽  
Jovicarole Raya ◽  
Ilya Demchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Motor Processing ◽  
And Function

Objective: Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated aberrant structure and function of the "cognitive-affective cerebellum" in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), although the specific role of the cerebello-cerebral circuitry in this population remains largely uninvestigated. The objective of this study was to delineate the role of cerebellar functional networks in depression. Methods: A total of 308 unmedicated participants completed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans, of which 247 (148 MDD; 99 Healthy Controls, HC) were suitable for this study. Seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (RsFc) analysis was performed using three cerebellar regions of interest (ROIs): ROI1 corresponded to default mode network (DMN) / inattentive processing; ROI2 corresponded to attentional networks including frontoparietal, dorsal attention, and ventral attention; ROI3 corresponded to motor processing. These ROIs were delineated based on prior functional gradient analyses of the cerebellum. A general linear model was used to perform within-group and between-group comparisons. Results: In comparison to HC, participants with MDD displayed increased RsFc within the cerebello-cerebral DMN (ROI1) and significantly elevated RsFc between the cerebellar ROI1 and bilateral angular gyrus at a voxel threshold (p < 0.001, two-tailed) and at a cluster level (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected). Group differences were non-significant for ROI2 and ROI3. Conclusions: These results contribute to the development of a systems neuroscience approach to the diagnosis and treatment of MDD. Specifically, our findings confirm previously reported associations between MDD, DMN, and cerebellum, and highlight the promising role of these functional and anatomical locations for the development of novel imaging-based biomarkers and targets for neuromodulation therapies.

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