scholarly journals Inception cohort study of workers exposed to toluene diisocyanate at a polyurethane foam factory: Initial one-year follow-up

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1207-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gui ◽  
Adam V. Wisnewski ◽  
Iulia Neamtiu ◽  
Eugen Gurzau ◽  
Judith A. Sparer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Toluene Diisocyanate ◽  
Inception Cohort ◽  
One Year

Divergent patterns of anti-fracture medication use following fracture on therapy: A population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A Kline ◽  
Suzanne N Morin ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
William D Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Traumatic Fracture ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year

Abstract Context Fracture-on-therapy should motivate better anti-fracture medication adherence. Objective Describe osteoporosis medication adherence in women before and following a fracture. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Manitoba BMD Registry (1996-2013). Patients Women who started anti-fracture drug therapy after a DXA-BMD with follow-up for 5 years during which a non-traumatic fracture occurred at least one year after starting treatment. Main Outcome Linked prescription records determined medication adherence (estimated by medication possession ratios, MPR) in one-year intervals. The variable of interest was MPR in the year before and after the year in which the fracture occurred with subgroup analyses according to duration of treatment pre-fracture. We chose an MPR of ≥0.50 to indicate minimum adherence needed for drug efficacy. Results There were 585 women with fracture-on-therapy, 193(33%) had hip or vertebral fracture. Bisphosphonates accounted for 82.2% of therapies. Median MPR the year prior to fracture was 0.89(IQR 0.49-1.0) and 0.69(IQR 0.07-0.96) the year following the year of fracture(p< 0.0001). The percentage of women with MPR ≥ 0.5 pre-fracture was 73.8%, dropping to 57.3% post-fracture(p<0.0001); restricted to hip/vertebral fracture results were similar (58.2% to 33.3%, p <0.002). Among those with pre-fracture MPR <0.5, only 21.7% achieved a post-fracture MPR ≥ 0.5. Conclusions Although fracture-on-therapy may motivate sustained/improved adherence, MPR remains low or even declines after fracture in many. This could reflect natural decline in MPR with time but is paradoxical to expectations. Fracture-on-therapy represents an important opportunity for clinicians to re-emphasize treatment adherence.

Long-term predictors of remission in patients treated for medication-overuse headache at a specialized headache center: A prospective cohort study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasna J Zidverc-Trajkovic ◽  
Tatjana Pekmezovic ◽  
Zagorka Jovanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Pavlovic ◽  
Milija Mijajlovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Objective To evaluate long-term predictors of remission in patients with medication-overuse headache (MOH) by prospective cohort study. Background Knowledge regarding long-term predictors of MOH outcome is limited. Methods Two hundred and forty MOH patients recruited from 2000 to 2005 were included in a one-year follow-up study and then subsequently followed until 31 December 2013. The median follow-up was three years (interquartile range, three years). Predictive values of selected variables were assessed by the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results At the end of follow-up, 102 (42.5%) patients were in remission. The most important predictors of remission were lower number of headache days per month before the one-year follow-up (HR-hazard ratio = 0.936, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.884–0.990, p = 0.021) and efficient initial drug withdrawal (HR = 0.136, 95% CI 0.042–0.444, p = 0.001). Refractory MOH was observed in seven (2.9%) and MOH relapse in 131 patients (54.6%). Conclusions Outcome at the one-year follow-up is a reliable predictor of MOH long-term remission.

scholarly journals One-year outcomes in a multicentre cohort study of incident rare diffuse parenchymal lung disease in children (ChILD)

Thorax ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Cunningham ◽  
Catriona Graham ◽  
Morag MacLean ◽  
Paul Aurora ◽  
Michael Ashworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Child Survivors ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Multicentre Cohort Study ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
One Year ◽  
First Time

We performed a prospective, observational, cohort study of children newly diagnosed with children’s interstitial lung disease (ChILD), with structured follow-up at 4, 8, 12 weeks and 6 and 12 months. 127 children, median age 0.9 (IQR 0.3–7.9) years had dyspnoea (68%, 69/102), tachypnoea (75%, 77/103) and low oxygen saturation (SpO2) median 92% (IQR 88–96). Death (n=20, 16%) was the most common in those <6 months of age with SpO2<94% and developmental/surfactant disorders. We report for the first time that ChILD survivors improved multiple clinical parameters within 8–12 weeks of diagnosis. These data can inform family discussions and support clinical trial measurements.

scholarly journals A One-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study on the Health Profile of Hikikomori Living in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yuen ◽  
Victor Wong ◽  
Wilson Tam ◽  
Ka So ◽  
Wai Chien
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Work Intervention ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
One Year

Background: A prospective cohort study was conducted to follow-up on 104 participants on their changes of social, psychological and physical health as exposed to the hikikomori lifestyle. Methods: Participants were interviewed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months by administering a set of questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Results: All three health domains of hikikomori were significantly improved over the follow-up period as evidenced by: (1) increased social network scores from 2.79 ± 1.80 to 3.09 ± 1.87, (2) decreased perceived stress scores from 21.18 ± 5.87 to 20.11 ± 5.79, and (3) reduced blood pressure levels from 118/75 to 115/71 and waist-to-hip ratios. Almost half of the participants have recovered from hikikomori by returning to the workforce in society; however, the health improvements were dominant in those that remained as hikikomori and were associated with the gradual swapping of exercise practices from light to moderate level strength. Conclusions: With intended exposure to social worker engagement, physical assessments of the cohort study triggered the social workers to encourage participants to do more exercises, which in turn enhanced their awareness of health modification towards a better health. Engagement of social workers could be considered as part of the intended exposure for all participants, which suggested social work intervention was effective in helping hikikomori recovery.

scholarly journals Baseline Functional Status and One-year Mortality After Hospital Admission in Elderly Patients: a prospective cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Victoria Sáenz ◽  
Nicolas Zuljevic ◽  
Cristina Elizondo ◽  
Iñaki Martin Lesende ◽  
Diego Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Hospitalization represents a major factor that may precipitate the loss of functional status and the cascade into dependence. The main objective of our study was to determine the effect of functional status measured before hospital admission on survival at one year after hospitalization in elderly patients. Methods: Prospective cohort study of adult patients (over 65 years of age) admitted to either the general ward or intensive Care units (ICU) of a tertiary teaching hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Main exposure was the pre-admission functional status determined by means of the modified “VIDA” questionnaire, which evaluates the instrumental activities of daily living. We used a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the effect of prior functional status on time to all-cause death while controlling for measured confounding. Secondarily, we analyzed the effect of post-discharge functional decline on long-term outcomes. Results: 297 patients were included in the present study. 12.8% died during hospitalization and 86 patients (33.2%) died within one year after hospital discharge. Functional status prior to hospital admission, measured by the VIDA questionnaire (e.g., one point increase), was associated with a lower hazard of all-cause mortality during follow-up (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.96; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.94–0.98). Finally, functional decline measured at 15 days after hospital discharge, was associated with higher risk of all-cause death during follow-up (HR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.09–4.37) Conclusion: Pre-morbid functional status impacts long term outcomes after unplanned hospitalizations in elderly adults. Future studies should confirm these findings and evaluate the potential impact on clinical decision-making.

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