scholarly journals Evidence for the genetic similarity rule at an expanding mangrove range limit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul Kennedy ◽  
Rachael E. Antwis ◽  
Richard F. Preziosi ◽  
Jennifer K. Rowntree
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Similarity Rule

Arthropod community similarity in clonal stands of aspen: A test of the genetic similarity rule

Ecoscience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashelly Meneses ◽  
Joseph K. Bailey ◽  
Gerard J. Allan ◽  
Randy K. Bangert ◽  
Matthew A. Bowker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Community Similarity ◽  
Similarity Rule

A genetic similarity rule determines arthropod community structure

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1379-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. BANGERT ◽  
R. J. TUREK ◽  
B. REHILL ◽  
G. M. WIMP ◽  
J. A. SCHWEITZER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Similarity Rule

From genes to geography: a genetic similarity rule for arthropod community structure at multiple geographic scales

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 4215-4228 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. BANGERT ◽  
G. J. ALLAN ◽  
R. J. TUREK ◽  
G. M. WIMP ◽  
N. MENESES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Arthropod Community ◽  
Similarity Rule

Study of the microstructure and particles of vanadium (III) oxide, vanadium (V) oxide and lithium aluminate powders

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Valeria A. Brodskaya ◽  
Oksana A. Molkova ◽  
Kira B. Zhogova ◽  
Inga V. Astakhova
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Coherent Scattering ◽  
Powder Materials ◽  
Lithium Aluminate ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Oxide Particles

Powder materials are widely used in the manufacture of electrochemical elements of thermal chemical sources of current. Electrochemical behavior of the powders depends on the shape and size of their particles. The results of the study of the microstructure and particles of the powders of vanadium (III), (V) oxides and lithium aluminate obtained by transmission electron and atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and gas adsorption analyses are presented. It is found that the sizes of vanadium (III) and vanadium (V) oxide particles range within 70 – 600 and 40 – 350 nm, respectively. The size of the coherent-scattering regions of the vanadium oxide particles lies in the lower range limit which can be attributed to small size of the structural elements (crystallites). An average volumetric-surface diameter calculated on the basis of the surface specific area is close to the upper range limit which can be explained by the partial agglomeration of the powder particles. Unlike the vanadium oxide particles, the range of the particle size distribution of the lithium aluminate powder is narrower — 50 – 110 nm. The values of crystallite sizes are close to the maximum of the particle size distribution. Microstructural analysis showed that the particles in the samples of vanadium oxides have a rounded (V2O3) or elongated (V2O5) shape; whereas the particles of lithium aluminate powder exhibit lamellar structure. At the same time, for different batches of the same material, the particle size distribution is similar, which indicates the reproducibility of the technologies for their manufacture. The data obtained can be used to control the constancy of the particle size distribution of powder materials.

Green Turtles Nesting at Their Northern Range Limit in the United States Represent a Distinct Subpopulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Shamblin ◽  
Matthew H. Godfrey ◽  
S. Michelle Pate ◽  
William P. Thompson ◽  
Hope Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Green Turtles ◽  
Distinct Subpopulation ◽  
Northern Range Limit

CONSEQUENCES OF “HOLSTEINIZATION” OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-PIED DAIRY BREED BY GENE BOLA-DRB3.2

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
R. V. Kolinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Specific Pcr

Introduction. The main direction of increasing the productivity of milk is to increase the proportion of heredity of the Holstein breed in the genotype of cows. Industrial breeds in Ukraine are improving due to the increase in the Holstein inheritance in the genotype of cows. The "holsteinization" of the most widespread domestic Black-and-White diary breed is intensively conducted. Currently, the percentage of heredity from Holstein is 90% or more. The negative effect of "holsteinization" appeared in reducing the resistance of animals to diseases that led to the spread of necrobacterial pathology. The control of the spread of necrobacteriosis can be based on genetic markers. Important markers can be the allele of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene responsible for the formation of adaptive immunity. Due to the ambiguity of the results of "holsteinization", the following tasks were solved: To study the genetic structure of the herd for the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene at the beginning of the "holsteinization" and now. To compare the detected genetic structures with the alleles spectrum of North American Holstein and identify quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the herd genotype. To determine the effect of "holsteinization" on the dynamics of milk production and the state of morbidity by necrobacteriosis. Materials and methods of research. Comparison of alleles of population of the Ukrainian Black-Pied Dairy (UBPD) breed and Holstein breed was conducted to detect the consequences of "holsteinization" on milk yield and incidence of necrobacteriosis. The data of the allelic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene of the UBPD10 (2010, n = 162), UBPD15 (2015, n = 114) and two Holstein populations of the USA and Canada were collected. The allelic spectrum was determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene was performed using 2-step PCR with the use of primers HLO-30, HLO-31 and HLO-32 and allele-specific PCR. Restriction analysis was performed with endonuclease RsaI, HaeIII, BstYI (XhoII). Restriction fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 4% agarose gel. Counting of allele frequencies was performed taking into account the number of homozygotes and heterozygotes found for the corresponding alleles. To determine the phylogenetic relationships between the populations of the studied herds, genetic distance and genetic similarity were determined by the M. Nei method. Individual dairy productivity of cows was estimated for all lactation (regardless of its duration). Average milk yields were determined as the total volume of milk produced divided by the number of dairy cows. Results and discussion. The breeding measures carried out led to the accumulation of alleles characteristic of the Holstein breed. For Holstein, there are eight alleles with a frequency of more than 4%. It is alleles *03, *07, *08, *11, *16, *22, *23, *24. A high degree of consolidation of weighty alleles can be outlined. In total they occupy 84,6% of allele spectrum of the population. Consolidation of such alleles in the herd of the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed is much lower - only 52.2%, although it increased by 6.2% over 5 years. Alleles *10, *13 and *28 are "weighty" for the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed, but they are almost non-existent in Holsteins. The genetic similarity of the herd UBPD15 and Holstein increased by ΔI = 0,085, and the genetic distance between the herds of the UBPD increased by ΔD = 0,085 for 5 years. The comparison of the allele spectrum of Holstein and the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed shows both the accumulation and the elimination of alleles associated with high productivity. The largest consolidation is typical for alleles *24 (+ 6.75%) and *16 (+ 4.65%). The frequency of "milk" alleles *22 and *08 decreased, respectively, by 4.14 and 1.27%. Alleys, which cause low milk productivity, have the following dynamics: * 23 + 2.53%, *11 – 0.67 and *28 – 0.26. The accumulation of alleles *16 and *23 (7.18%) was found that are associated with predisposition to necrobacteriosis and elimination of *03 and *22 alleles (4.75%) that influence on this disease. Conclusions. It is determined that the role of alleles characteristic for Holstein is increasing in the the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary herd. Breeding measures for holsteinization are conducted in the right direction. There is accumulation of alleles associated with high milk productivity and predisposition to necrobacteriosis. It positively affects the growth of milk production and negatively affects the incidence of necrobacteriosis.

Remnant American Chestnut (Castanea dentata) Near the Historical Western Range Limit in Southwestern Tennessee

Castanea ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Robert G. Laport ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Julienne Ng
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Dentata ◽  
American Chestnut ◽  
Range Limit

Comparative analysis of genetic background in eight near-isogenic wheat lines with different H genes conferring resistance to Hessian fly

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Xu ◽  
C. G. Chu ◽  
M. O. Harris ◽  
C. E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hessian Fly ◽  
Pedigree Analysis ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Linkage Drag ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
H Gene

Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are useful for plant genetic and genomic studies. However, the strength of conclusions from such studies depends on the similarity of the NILs’ genetic backgrounds. In this study, we investigated the genetic similarity for a set of NILs developed in the 1990s to study gene-for-gene interactions between wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and the Hessian fly ( Mayetiola destructor (Say)), an important pest of wheat. Each of the eight NILs carries a single H resistance gene and was created by successive backcrossing for two to six generations to susceptible T. aestivum ‘Newton’. We generated 256 target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) markers and used them to calculate genetic similarity, expressed by the Nei and Li (NL) coefficient. Six of the NILs (H3, H5, H6, H9, H11, and H13) had the highly uniform genetic background of Newton, with NL coefficients from 0.97 to 0.99. However, genotypes with H10 or H12 were less similar to Newton, with NL coefficients of 0.86 and 0.93, respectively. Cluster analysis based on NL coefficients and pedigree analysis showed that the genetic similarity between each of the NILs and Newton was affected by both the number of backcrosses and the genetic similarity between Newton and the H gene donors. We thus generated an equation to predict the number of required backcrosses, given varying similarity of donor and recurrent parent. We also investigated whether the genetic residues of the donor parents that remained in the NILs were related to linkage drag. By using a complete set of ‘Chinese Spring’ nullisomic-tetrasomic lines, one third of the TRAP markers that showed polymorphism between the NILs and Newton were assigned to a specific chromosome. All of the assigned markers were located on chromosomes other than the chromosome carrying the H gene, suggesting that the genetic residues detected in this study were not due to linkage drag. Results will aid in the development and use of near-isogenic lines for studies of the functional genomics of wheat.

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