scholarly journals Direct and correlated responses to artificial selection for growth and water‐use efficiency in a Mediterranean pine

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Estefanía Suárez‐Vidal ◽  
Luis Sampedro ◽  
Jose Climent ◽  
Jordi Voltas ◽  
Ester Sin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Mediterranean Pine

Divergent selection for carbon isotope discrimination in crested wheatgrass

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Read ◽  
K. H. Asay ◽  
D. A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Agropyron Desertorum ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Selection For

Because plant growth on semiarid rangelands is frequently water-limited, breeding for enhanced water-use efficiency (WUE, kg dry matter gained per kg water transpired) should improve forage production on these areas. In crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fischer ex Link) Schultes], variation for carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) has been negatively associated with WUE, suggesting that selection for lowered Δ would increase WUE. To determine the potential of altering Δ through breeding, we selected nine clones from a crested wheatgrass breeding population based on their Δ values, equally subdivided them into three groups (low, medium, and high Δ), and made a series of diallel crosses within each group. The parental clones and single-cross progenies were established in the field as replicated spaced plants on 1-m centers in spring 1989. Forage dry matter yield and Δ were determined in 1990 and 1991; leaf gas exchange traits were determined for low and high Δ classes in 1990, and for low, medium, and high Δ classes in 1991. The previous ranking of Δ classes was confirmed in the present studies. Combined across years, values for Δ, leaf CO2 exchange rate (CER), and stomatal conductance (gs) were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the low than high Δ class. When data were combined across clones and progenies, Δ was negatively correlated with leaf intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi, expressed as the CER/gs ratio) in 1990 (r = −0.87**, df = 14) and in 1991 (r = −0.83**, df = 23). Forage yield and Δ were not correlated, suggesting that the two traits may be under separate genetic control. Progenies from crosses among the low-Δ clones had significantly lower Δ values than progenies from either the medium-Δ or high-Δ clones during each year and when the data were combined across years. Divergent selection for low Δ also was reflected by improved WUEi in the subsequent generation. Moreover, narrow-sense heritability values for Δ were in excess of 0.75 and correlations between progeny means for Δ and means of the corresponding midparents were significant in each of the three analyses (r = 0.87** in 1990, 0.91** in 1991, and 0.92** in the combined analysis). These results complement earlier findings and confirm that genetic improvement for WUE can be effectively achieved in crested wheatgrass through indirect selection for Δ. Key words: Agropyron desertorum, water-use efficiency, parent-progeny correlations, drought, carbon isotope ratio, grass breeding, forage yield

Selection for Water Use Efficiency Traits in a Cotton Breeding Program: Cultivar Differences

Crop Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warwick N. Stiller ◽  
John J. Read ◽  
Gregory A. Constable ◽  
Peter E. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Cotton Breeding ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Selection For

Increasing intrinsic water-use efficiency over the past 160 years does not stimulate tree growth in southeastern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Guo ◽  
K Fang ◽  
J Li ◽  
HW Linderholm ◽  
D Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

A comparative appraisal of urea super granule application in raised bed and prilled urea application in conventional planting for transplanted boro rice (Oryza sativa)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 822-832
Author(s):  
Halim Mahmud Bhuyan ◽  
Most. Razina Ferdousi ◽  
Mohammad Toufiq Iqbal ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Boro Rice

Utilization of urea super granule (USG) with raised bed cultivation system for transplanted boro (winter, irrigated) rice production is a major concern now days. A field experiment was conducted in the chuadanga district of Bangladesh to compare the two cultivation methods: deep placement of USG on raised bed with boro rice, and prilled urea (PU) broadcasting in conventional planting. Results showed that USG in raised bed planting increased grain yields of transplanted boro rice by up to 18.18% over PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in raised bed planting increased the number of panicle m-2, number of grains panicle-1 and 1000-grains weight of boro rice than the PU in conventional planting. Better plant growth was observed by deep placement of USG in raised bed planting compared to PU in conventional planting. Sterility percentage and weed infestation were lower on USG in raised bed planting compared to the PU in conventional planting methods. Forty seven percent irrigation water and application time could be saved by USG in raised bed planting than PU in conventional planting. Deep placement of USG in bed saved N fertilizer consumption over conventional planting. Water use efficiency for grain and biomass production was higher with deep placement of USG in bed planting than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting methods. Similarly, agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer by USG in bed planting was significantly higher than the PU broadcasting in conventional planting. This study concluded that deep placement of USG in raised bed planting for transplanted boro rice is a new approach to achieve fertilizer and water use efficiency as well as higher yield and less water input compared to existing agronomic practices in Bangladesh.

Effects of Irrigation Amount on Grain Starch Content, Starch Synthase Activity, and Water Use Efficiency in Wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Fei CHU ◽  
Zhen-Wen YU ◽  
Xiao-Yan WANG ◽  
Tong-Hua WU ◽  
Xi-Zhi WANG
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Synthase ◽  
Irrigation Amount ◽  
Grain Starch ◽  
Use Efficiency

Effects of Drip Irrigation Patterns on Wheat Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Heilonggang Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi-Jin NIE ◽  
Yuan-Quan CHEN ◽  
Jian-Sheng ZHANG ◽  
Jiang-Tao SHI ◽  
Chao LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Patterns
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