Postnatal development of the ovarian bursa of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus): Its complete closure and morphogenesis of lymphatic stomata

1987 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harumichi Shinohara ◽  
Toshio Nakatani ◽  
Takeshi Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Complete Closure

Gustatory Responses of the Hamster Mesocricetus auratus to Various Compounds Considered Sweet by Humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 2102-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicktoria Danilova ◽  
Göran Hellekant ◽  
Jean-Marie Tinti ◽  
Claude Nofre
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Conditioned Taste Aversion ◽  
Golden Hamster ◽  
Mesocricetus Auratus ◽  
Chorda Tympani ◽  
Taste Sensation ◽  
Sodium Cyclamate

Danilova, Vicktoria, Göran Hellekant, Jean-Marie Tinti, and Claude Nofre. Gustatory responses of the hamster Mesocricetus auratus to various compounds considered sweet by humans. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 2102–2112, 1998. The taste of 30 compounds was studied in the golden hamster with three different methods: single-fiber recordings, two-bottle preference (TBP), and conditioned taste aversion (CTA) tests. On the whole, the results showed that the sense of taste in the hamster differs in many respects from that in humans because, of 26 tested compounds known as sweet to humans, 11 had no taste or tasted differently. The results also supported the notion that activity in S-fibers elicits liking and activity in Q- or H-fibers rejection. Specifically hierarchial cluster analysis of 36 single fibers from the chorda tympani proper nerve separated N-, H-, and S-clusters consisting of 11 sucrose-, 14 NaCl-, and 11 citric-best fibers. Ace-K, cyanosuosan, N-4-cyanophenyl- N′-cyanoguanidineacetate (CCGA), d-tryptophan, N-3,5-dichlorophenyl- N′-( S)-α-methylbenzylguanidineacetate (DMGA), saccharin, SC-45647, and suosan stimulated only the S-fibers, were significantly preferred in TBP tests, and generalized to sucrose in the CTA tests. Ethylene glycol stimulated the N-fibers in addition to the S-fibers. This explains its generalization to sucrose in CTA. Its toxicity may contribute to its rejection in TBP tests. Sodium cyclamate stimulated a few N- but no S-fibers, which may explain the nondiscriminatory TBP and CTA results. Glycine elicited its largest response in the S-fibers, although it also stimulated other fibers. The resulting mixed taste sensation may explain why it was not preferred in TBP, although it generalized to sucrose in the CTA. Alitame, aspartame, N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-l-aspartyl-( R)-α-methylbenzylamine (CAM), N-4-cyanophenylcarbamoyl-( R, S)-3-amino-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl) propionic acid (CAMPA), N-( S)-2-methylhexanoyl-l-glutamyl-5-amino-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (MAGAP), N-1-naphthoyl-l-glutamyl-5-amino-2-pyridinecarbonitrile (NAGAP), NHDHC, superaspartame, and thaumatin were among the compounds considered sweet by humans that gave no response, were not discriminated in the TBP test, and gave no generalization in the CTA tests.

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