Cytoplasmic bar-like structures of alveolar type II cells: An ultrastructural study in freshly isolated cells from rat lungs

1987 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Vincent ◽  
Denis Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Rat Lungs

Modulation of lung liquid clearance by isoproterenol in rat lungs

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (5) ◽  
pp. L694-L701 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Saldías ◽  
E. Lecuona ◽  
E. Friedman ◽  
M. L. Barnard ◽  
K. M. Ridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Rat Lungs ◽  
Lung Liquid ◽  
Stimulation Of

β-Adrenergic agonists have been reported to increase lung liquid clearance by stimulating active Na+ transport across the alveolar epithelium. We studied mechanisms by which β-adrenergic isoproterenol (Iso) increases lung liquid clearance in isolated perfused fluid-filled rat lungs. Iso perfused through the pulmonary circulation at concentrations of 10−4 to 10−8 M increased lung liquid clearance compared with that of control lungs ( P < 0.01). The increase in lung liquid clearance was inhibited by the β-antagonist propranolol (10−5 M), the Na+-channel blocker amiloride (10−4 M), and the antagonist of Na-K-ATPase, ouabain (5 × 10−4 M). Colchicine, which inhibits cell microtubular transport of ion-transporting proteins to the plasma membrane, blocked the stimulatory effects of Iso on active Na+ transport, whereas the isomer lumicolchicine, which does not affect cell microtubular transport, did not inhibit Na+ transport. In parallel with these changes, the Na-K-ATPase α1-subunit protein abundance and activity increased in alveolar type II cells stimulated by 10−6 M Iso. Colchicine blocked the stimulatory effect of Iso and the recruitment of Na-K-ATPase α1-protein to the basolateral membrane of alveolar type II cells. Accordingly, Iso increased active Na+ transport and lung liquid clearance by stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors and probably by upregulation of apical Na+ channels and basolateral Na-K-ATPase mechanisms. Recruitment from intracellular pools and microtubular transport of Na+pumps to the plasma membrane participate in β-adrenergic stimulation of lung liquid clearance in rat lungs.

Secretory granule calcium loss after isolation of rat alveolar type II cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (2) ◽  
pp. L129-L135 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Eckenhoff ◽  
S. R. Rannels ◽  
A. B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Primary Culture ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Lamellar Body ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lamellar Bodies ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii Cell

Morphological change and lamellar body loss suggests that alveolar type II cells rapidly de- or redifferentiate after several days of primary culture. To determine whether type II cells or lamellar body compositional changes precede these obvious morphological changes, we examined the in situ elemental composition of lamellar bodies and type II cells from intact lung and at different times after isolation using electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Isolated cells were prepared by standard methods and plated on either tissue culture plastic or kept in suspension with stirrer flasks. Cell pellets obtained at 0, 3, 24, and 48 h after isolation were rapidly frozen, and thin freeze-dried cryosections were prepared and examined cold in a transmission electron microscope equipped for EPMA. Eight to ten type II cells from each of three to four different preparations for each time period were analyzed. A rapid, progressive, and sustained fall in lamellar body calcium and sulfur content occurred by 48 h of primary culture, suggesting rapid alteration in calcium and protein metabolism by type II cells and/or lamellar bodies after isolation. Also, marked changes in type II cell cytoplasmic Na and K occurred in freshly isolated cells, with incomplete normalization by 48 h. Culture on laminin-enriched Matrigel for 1 wk increased both lamellar body calcium or sulfur content, but 100 nM dexamethasone had no effect. Lamellar body calcium accumulation appears to be a very sensitive index of differentiated type II cell function.

Role of clathrin- and actin-dependent endocytotic pathways in lung phospholipid uptake

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (6) ◽  
pp. L981-L989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rückert ◽  
Sandra R. Bates ◽  
Aron B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lamellar Bodies ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Uptake ◽  
Dependent Processes ◽  
Relative Inhibition

We evaluated the contribution of endocytotic pathways to pulmonary uptake of surfactant lipids from the alveolar space. Resting and stimulated 8-bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) uptake of unilamellar liposomes labeled with either [3H]dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine ([3H]DPPC) or 1-palmitoyl-2-[12-(7-nitro-2–1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) amino] dodecanoyl-phosphatidylcholine (NBD-PC) was studied in isolated perfused rat lungs and isolated type II cells. Amantadine and phenylarsine oxide, inhibitors of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, each decreased [3H]DPPC uptake under resting conditions by ∼40%; their combination had no additional effect. Cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of actin-dependent processes, reduced liposome uptake by 55% and potentiated the effect of either clathrin inhibitor alone. Relative inhibition for all agents was higher in the presence of 8-Br-cAMP. The effect of inhibitors was similar for liposomes labeled with [3H]DPPC or NBD-PC. By fluorescence microscopy, NBD-PC taken up by lungs was localized primarily to alveolar type II cells and was localized to lamellar bodies in both lungs and isolated cells. These studies indicate that both clathrin-mediated and actin-mediated pathways are responsible for endocytosis of DPPC-labeled liposomes by alveolar type II cells in the intact lung.

Isolation of nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells and alveolar type II cells from mouse lungs

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2368-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Massey ◽  
Barbara A. Geddes ◽  
Poh-Gek Forkert
Keyword(s):  
Viable Cell ◽  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Clara Cells ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Mouse Lungs

A method is described for the isolation of alveolar type II cells and nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells from mouse lungs. Following digestion of lung tissue with Sigma type I protease, viable cells were isolated to 65% purity for type II cells (6.4 ± 1.5 × 105 cells/mouse) and 55–60% purity for Clara cells (2.6 ± 0.9 × 105 cells/mouse). Viability, as assessed by trypan blue exclusion, was routinely greater than 90% in all enriched cell fractions. Although minor mitochondrial changes occurred during isolation, the morphology of the cells showed good preservation, as revealed by electron microscopy. The isolated cells were found to be metabolically active, as indicated by the presence of 7-ethoxycoumarin deethylase (a cytochrome p-450-mediated activity). The highest activity of this enzyme (278 ± 116 pmol∙min−1∙mg protein−1) was found in the fraction enriched in Clara cells. The results indicate that this method produces viable cell populations that can be of value in investigations of the cellular distribution of lung metabolism activities.

Giant Lamellar Bodies in Alveolar Type II Cells of Rats Exposed to a Low Concentration of Ozone

Respiration ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanae Shimura ◽  
Shinsaku Maeda ◽  
Tamotsu Takismima
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lamellar Bodies ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells ◽  
Low Concentration

Protection against paraquat-induced injury by exogenous GSH in pulmonary alveolar type II cells

1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 4537-4542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tory M. Hagen ◽  
Lou Ann Brown ◽  
Dean P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Type ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Alveolar Type Ii Cells
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