Fine structure of the venom gland epithelium of the south american rattlesnake and radioautographic studies of protein formation by the secretory cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Warshawsky ◽  
A. Haddad ◽  
R. P. Gonçalves ◽  
V. Valeri ◽  
F. L. De Lucca
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Venom Gland ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
South American ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Characterization of the South American Freshwater Stingray Potamotrygon motoro Venom Apparatus

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Silva ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Vítor Yang ◽  
Xidong Mu ◽  
Qiong Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Venom Gland ◽  
High Expression ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Freshwater Stingray ◽  
Taxonomic Range ◽  
Available Information

Venomous animals are found through a wide taxonomic range including cartilaginous fish such as the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon motoro occurring in South America, which can injure people and cause venom-related symptoms. Ensuring the efficacy of drug development to treat stingray injuries can be assisted by the knowledge of the venom composition. Here we performed a detailed transcriptomic characterization of the venom gland of the South American freshwater stingray Potamotrygon motoro. The transcripts retrieved showed 418 hits to venom components (comparably to 426 and 396 hits in other two Potamotrygon species), with high expression levels of hyaluronidase, cystatin and calglandulin along with hits uniquely found in P. motoro such as DELTA-alicitoxin-Pse1b, Augerpeptide hhe53 and PI-actitoxin-Aeq3a. We also identified undescribed molecules with extremely high expression values with sequence similarity to the SE-cephalotoxin and Rapunzel genes. Comparative analyses showed that despite being closely related, there may be significant variation among the venoms of freshwater stingrays, highlighting the importance of considering elicit care in handling different envenomation cases. Since hyaluronidase represents a major component of fish venom, we have performed phylogenetic and selective pressure analyses of this gene/protein across all fish with the available information. Results indicated an independent recruitment of the hyaluronidase into the stingray venom relative to that of venomous bony fish. The hyaluronidase residues were found to be mostly under negative selection, but 18 sites showed evidence of diversifying positive selection (P < 0.05). Our data provides new insight into stingray venom variation, composition, and selective pressure in hyaluronidase.

Primary culture of venom gland cells from the South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus)

Toxicon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1673-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Duarte ◽  
H. Montes De Oca ◽  
C.R. Diniz ◽  
C.L. Fortes-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Primary Culture ◽  
Venom Gland ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Crotalus Durissus Terrificus ◽  
Gland Cells ◽  
Crotalus Durissus

scholarly journals The Ultrastructure of Secretory Cells of the Islets of Langerhans in South American Catfish Rhamdia quelen

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Luchini ◽  
Gustavo Wicki ◽  
Luis Alberto Romano
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Electron Densities ◽  
Outer Portion ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

The present work shows that a detailed description of the ultrastructure of the secretory cells of the South American catfish Rhamdia quelen pancreatic islets is presented. Evidence is offered to support the contention that the α-granules consist of a central and an outer portion of different electron densities and solubilities, that the δ-cells are most probably morphologically altered but viable α-cells, and that the β-granules possibly possess a repeating substructure and may therefore represent an intracellular crystalline storage form of insulin.

Histology, Histochemistry and Fine Structure of the Lacrimal and Nictitans Gland in the South American ArmadilloChaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra, Mammalia)

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 731-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernán Javier Aldana Marcos ◽  
Carina Cintia Ferrari ◽  
Claudio Cervino ◽  
Jorge Mario Affanni
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
South American ◽  
The South
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