The role of vapor phase composition in data reduction of vapor-liquid equilibria

AIChE Journal ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Kuschel ◽  
Herbert Kraetsch ◽  
Horst Kehlen ◽  
Horst Sackmann
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibria ◽  
Vapor Liquid

VAPOR–LIQUID EQUILIBRIA, DENSITIES, AND REFRACTIVITIES IN THE SYSTEM ACETIC ACID – CHLOROFORM – WATER AT 25 °C

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
E. M. Kartzmark ◽  
J. M. T. M. Gieskes
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Molar Volume ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Excess Molar Volume ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Acid Water ◽  
Positive Deviation ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibria ◽  
Vapor Liquid

The volume changes on mixing of the two binary mixtures acetic acid – water and acetic acid – chloroform and of the ternary mixture acetic acid – chloroform – water have been determined. In the system acetic acid – water a volume contraction occurs, showing a minimum excess molar volume at 50 mole%. Partial molal volume determinations suggest the formation of a mixed association of one molecule of water with one molecule of acetic acid. In the system acetic acid – chloroform the excess molar volume function is positive over the complete concentration range and this suggests the probability of a positive deviation from Raoult's law.The refractivities of the two binary systems show that the true molecular volumes of acetic acid, water, and chloroform are additive on mixing.Studies of the vapor–liquid equilibria show that in all three constituent binary systems there is positive deviation from Raoult's law but if the dimerization of acetic acid in the vapor phase is taken into account the vapor pressure behavior of the system acetic acid – chloroform is virtually ideal. The vapor pressures in the ternary system show strong positive deviations from Raoult's law over the complete concentration range. This shows that the line of pseudo-ideality in terms of zero excess molar volume does not really represent ideal behavior. Zero excess molar volume is caused by the counteracting effects of water and of chloroform molecules on acetic acid molecules.In the two binary systems investigated the experimental data satisfy the Gibbs–Duhem–Margules equation. This proves that treatment for dimerization of acetic acid in the vapor phase is not merely permissible but necessary.

Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the System Containing Acetic Acid at 101.3kPa

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 79-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Xin ◽  
Xu Feng Wang ◽  
Joshua Qing Song Li
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Nrtl Model ◽  
Vle Data ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Vapor Liquid Equilibria ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) data for water + acetic acid, acetic acid + n-pentyl acetate, water + acetic acid + n-pentyl acetate systems have been measured at 101.33 k Pa using a recirculating still. The nonideality of the vapor phase caused by the association of the acetic acid has been corrected by the Hayden-O’Connellmethod. The three experimental binary data have been correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. The obtained NRTL model parameters from binary data have been used to predict ternary VLE data. The ternary predicted values obtained in this way agree well with the experimental values.

INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ROLE PLAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63
Author(s):  
Ansori Ansori
Keyword(s):  
Data Reduction ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Flexible Schedule ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Real Action

The use of various methods will greatly help students in achieving learning goals. As role play method is one way mastery of learning materials through the development of imagination and appreciation of students on learning materials. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. To analyze the data in this research using data analysis technique of Miles and Huberman model that is data reduction (Data Reduction), data presentation (Data Display) and conclusion (Conclution Drawing / verification) The findings in this research is innovation of role play method can change paradigm to the new paradigm so that the role of the teacher is more as a facilitator, counselor, consultant, and comrade study Flexible schedule, open as needed Learning directed by students themselves Problem-based, project, real world, real action, and reflection Design and investigation. Computers as tools, and dynamic media presentations.

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