Measured enthalpy changes for a simulated natural gas mixture and their prediction using a modified BWR equation

AIChE Journal ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 999-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotander K. Sood ◽  
Geoffrey G. Haselden
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Enthalpy Changes

Composition of Mixtures of Natural Gas Components Determined by Raman Spectrometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwain E. Diller ◽  
Ren Fang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Spectrometric Method ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Raman Intensity ◽  
Raman Spectrometry ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Related Line

The feasibility of using Raman spectrometry for determining the composition of mixtures of natural gas components was examined. Raman intensity measurements were carried out on eight, gravimetrically prepared, binary gas mixtures containing methane, nitrogen, and isobutane at ambient temperature and at pressures to 0.8 MPa. The repeatability of the molar intensity ratio, ( I2/ y2)/( I1/ y1), where y1 is the concentration of component 1 in the mixture, and I1 is the intensity of the related line in the mixture spectrum, was examined. The compositions of two gravimetrically prepared methane-nitrogen-isobutane gas mixtures were determined spectrometrically with an estimated precision of about 0.001 in the mole fraction. Typical differences from the gravimetric concentrations were less than 0.002 in the mole fraction. The Raman spectrum of a gravimetrically prepared, eight component, hydrocarbon gas mixture was obtained to show that the Raman spectrometric method has potential for being applicable to natural gas type mixtures.

AccurateP−ρ−TData and Phase Boundary Determination for a Synthetic Residual Natural Gas Mixture

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego E. Cristancho ◽  
Ivan D. Mantilla ◽  
L. Alejandro Coy ◽  
Andrea Tibaduiza ◽  
Diego O. Ortiz-Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Boundary Determination

Development of Knudsen thermal force for mass analysis of CH4/He gas mixture

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Barzegar Gerdroodbary ◽  
D. D. Ganji ◽  
Mohammad Taeibi-Rahni ◽  
B. Pruiti ◽  
Rasoul Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Direct Simulation Monte Carlo ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Rectangular Domain ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Micro Gas Sensor ◽  
High Order Equation ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Simulation Monte Carlo

Natural gas is known as the main source of energy and also contains significant and noble gases. Numerous researches have been performed to present novel methods for the detection and analysis of natural gas. In this study, Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is used to evaluate the performance of a new micro gas sensor (MIKRA) for detection of helium in CH4/He gas mixture. In this sensor, the temperature difference of two arms inside a rectangular domain at low-pressure condition induces a Knudsen force which is proportional to physical properties of the gas. In order to define flow feature of a low-pressure gas inside the micro gas actuator, high order equation of Boltzmann is used to attain high precision results. To solve these equations, DSMC approach is used as a robust method for the non-equilibrium flow field. The effects of main factors such as length and gap of arms are comprehensively investigated in different ambient pressures. Furthermore, the effect of various concentrations of the CH4/He gas mixture on force generation is comprehensively studied. Our findings show that value of generated Knudsen force significantly different when the fraction of He in CH4/He gas mixture is varied. This indicates that this micro gas sensor could precisely detect the concentration of Helium gas inside a low-pressure CH4/He gas mixture.

Carbon Particle Generation and Preliminary Small Particle Heat Exchange Receiver Lab Scale Testing

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Frederickson ◽  
Kyle Kitzmiller ◽  
Fletcher Miller
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Small Particle ◽  
Carbon Particle ◽  
Solar Flux ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Solar Simulator ◽  
Spherical Cap ◽  
Carbon Particles

High temperature central receivers are on the forefront of concentrating solar power research. Current receivers use liquid cooling and power steam cycles, but new receivers are being designed to power gas turbine engines within a power cycle while operating at a high efficiency. To address this, a lab-scale Small Particle Heat Exchange Receiver (SPHER), a high temperature solar receiver, was built and is currently undergoing testing at the San Diego State University’s (SDSU) Combustion and Solar Energy Laboratory. The final goal is to design, build, and test a full-scale SPHER that can absorb 5 MWth and eventually be used within a Brayton cycle. The SPHER utilizes air mixed with carbon particles generated in the Carbon Particle Generator (CPG) as an absorption medium for the concentrated solar flux. Natural gas and nitrogen are sent to the CPG where the natural gas undergoes pyrolysis to carbon particles and nitrogen is used as the carrier gas. The resulting particle-gas mixture flows out of the vessel and is met with dilution air, which flows to the SPHER. The lab-scale SPHER is an insulated steel vessel with a spherical cap quartz window. For simulating on-sun testing, a solar flux is produced by a solar simulator, which consists of a 15kWe xenon arc lamp, situated vertically, and an ellipsoidal reflector to obtain a focus at the plane of the receiver window. The solar simulator has been shown to produce an output of about 3.25 kWth within a 10 cm diameter aperture. Inside of the SPHER, the carbon particles in the inlet particle-gas mixture absorb radiation from the solar flux. The carbon particles heat the air and eventually oxidize to carbon dioxide, resulting in a clear outlet fluid stream. Since testing was initiated, there have been several changes to the system as we have learned more about the operation. A new extinction tube was designed and built to obtain more accurate mass loading data. Piping and insulation for the CPG and SPHER were improved based on observations between testing periods. The window flange and seal have been redesigned to incorporate window film cooling. These improvements have been made in order to achieve the lab scale SPHER design objective gas outlet flow of 650°C at 5 bar.

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