Marketing Raw Milk from Dairy Farmers before and after the 2008 Milk Scandal in China: Evidence from Greater Beijing

Agribusiness ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangping Jia ◽  
Hao Luan ◽  
Jikun Huang ◽  
Shengli Li ◽  
Scott Rozelle
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING BARGAINING POWER OF FARMERS AND PROCESSORS IN IRAN'S DAIRY MARKET

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZEINAB SHOKOOHI ◽  
AMIR HOSSEIN CHIZARI ◽  
MAHDI ASGARI
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Expectation Maximization Algorithm ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Bargaining Model ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Bilateral Bargaining ◽  
Monte Carlo Expectation Maximization ◽  
Milk Market

AbstractThe farm-gate price of raw milk in Iran is determined annually in negotiations among representatives of dairy processors, milk producers, and government officials. This study estimates the average bargaining power of dairy farmers and processors, through applying the generalized axiomatic Nash approach in a bilateral bargaining model. We employ annual data from 1990 to 2013 to estimate econometric representation of a bilateral bargaining model using a Monte Carlo expectation maximization algorithm. Results imply a higher bargaining power of 0.69 for processors, compared with 0.31 for farmers. This asymmetry of bargaining power causes unequal allocation of gains in the milk market.

Dairy farmers' strategies in four European countries before and after abolition of the milk quota

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 104169
Author(s):  
Marija Klopčič ◽  
Abele Kuipers ◽  
Agata Malak-Rawlikowska ◽  
Aldona Stalgiene ◽  
Anita Ule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Before And After

Effect of a pre-milking teat foam and a liner disinfectant on the presence of mesophilic and (proteolytic) psychrotrophic bacteria prior to milking

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Verhegghe ◽  
J. De Block ◽  
S. Van Weyenberg ◽  
L. Herman ◽  
M. Heyndrickx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Uht Milk ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Before And After ◽  
A Minor

AbstractContamination of raw milk by psychrotrophs can lead to the production of heat-resistant proteases and subsequent spoilage of UHT milk. Therefore, this research communication evaluated the effect of a pre-milking teat disinfectant (active components: L-(+)-lactic acid and salicylic acid) and a liner disinfectant (active components: peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide) on the number of mesophilic and (proteolytic) psychrotrophic bacteria prior to milking. The teat orifices of 10 cows were sampled using a swabbing procedure before and after treatment with a pre-milking teat disinfectant on six subsequent days. On the teat orifices, there was a small but statistically significant decrease in the psychrotrophic bacterial counts between pre and post dipping. No differences were observed for the mesophilic bacterial counts and proteolytic active counts. Liners were also sampled using swabs pre and post disinfection. No statistically significant decrease in the bacterial counts was observed post liner disinfection, although there was a numerical decrease. Sixty-two percent of the proteolytic psychrotrophs were pseudomonads: 16.5% of which were P. fragi, 14.3% P. lundensis, 10.0% P. fluorescens and 2.9% P. putida. Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) analysis revealed a wide variety in proteolytic activity (from 0 to 55 µmol glycine/ml milk) and the presence of high producers. It can be concluded that there was only a minor effect of teat and liner disinfection on the psychrotrophic bacterial counts indicating that the measures presented did not result in a reduction of the targeted bacteria on teat orifices and liners.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY OF RAW MILK PRODUCTION IN A COMMERCIAL FARM BEFORE AND AFTER POLAND'S ACCESSION TO THE EU

2017 ◽  
Vol 336 (43) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Jarosław PYTLEWSKI ◽  
◽  
Ireneusz R. ANTKOWIAK ◽  
Daniel STANISŁAWSKI ◽  
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Commercial Farm ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Variability of Bacterial Biofilms of the “Tina” Wood Vats Used in the Ragusano Cheese-Making Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (21) ◽  
pp. 6980-6987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Licitra ◽  
J. C. Ogier ◽  
S. Parayre ◽  
C. Pediliggieri ◽  
T. M. Carnemolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Molecular Fingerprinting ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

ABSTRACT Ragusano cheese is a “protected denomination of origin” cheese made in the Hyblean region of Sicily from raw milk using traditional wooden tools, without starter. To explore the Ragusano bacterial ecosystem, molecular fingerprinting was conducted at different times during the ripening and biofilms from the wooden vats called “tinas” were investigated. Raw milks collected at two farm sites, one on the mountain and one at sea level, were processed to produce Ragusano cheese. Raw milk, curd before and after cooking, curd at stretching time (cheese 0 time), and cheese samples (4 and 7 months) were analyzed by PCR-temporal temperature gel electrophoresis (PCR-TTGE) and by classical enumeration microbiology. With the use of universal primers, PCR-TTGE revealed many differences between the raw milk profiles, but also notable common bands identified as Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus lactis, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Enterococcus faecium. After the stretching, TTGE profiles revealed three to five dominant species only through the entire process of ripening. In the biofilms of the two tinas used, one to five species were detected, S. thermophilus being predominant in both. Biofilms from five other tinas were also analyzed by PCR-TTGE, PCR-denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis, specific PCR tests, and sequencing, confirming the predominance of lactic acid bacteria (S. thermophilus, L. lactis, and L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis) and the presence of a few high-GC-content species, like coryneform bacteria. The spontaneous acidification of raw milks before and after contact with the five tinas was followed in two independent experiments. The lag period before acidification can be up to 5 h, depending on the raw milk and the specific tina, highlighting the complexity of this natural inoculation system.

scholarly journals Effect of Modified Pre-Milking Sanitizing Approaches on Raw Milk Quality Obtained from the Dairy Farmers of Tawau Area, Sabah

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Sim Kheng Yuen ◽  
Mohammad Raisul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Food Borne Pathogens ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Milk Hygiene ◽  
Small Holder

The aim of the study was to investigate the raw milk hygiene and quality among the small holder dairy farmers in Tawau area. A total of 216 samples were collected from the respective dairy farmers and milk collecting centre located at Mile 15, Tawau. Preliminary results indicated that the quality of the raw milks obtained at farm level contained were inferior with high bacteria load (> than 107 CFU/ml). The total coliform (2.9-3.8 CFU/mL) and Staphylococcus count (2.3-3.6 CFU/mL) were relatively high in certain samples. However, none of the food borne pathogens was found. Trace back study revealed that the causes of contamination were attributed by poor hygienic handling among the dairy farmers and insufficient for immediate chilling of raw milk. A significant reduction in bacteria load was observed if the raw milk chilled immediately at farm. The implementation of modified pre-milking sanitizing practices improved the microbiology quality of the raw milks obtained from respective dairy farms. Future study will focus more on the effect of prolong storage towards the microbiological quality of raw milk.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Educational Modules on Knowledge on Brucellosis among Dairy Farmers in Northern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Arjun Prasad Verma ◽  
Hans Ram Meena ◽  
Diksha Patel ◽  
B. S. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Knowledge Gain ◽  
Transmission Method ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Educational Module ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Educational Modules

The study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of an educational module on brucellosis among commercial dairy farmers. Experimental research design before and after was used to test the effectiveness of the Educational module. A total of 120 commercial dairy farmers were selected and interviewed using a well-structured interview schedule from six districts of Haryana and Punjab States during 2018. The results revealed that the majority of the respondents (55%) had not heard about brucellosis and didn’t know causative agent of brucellosis (55%). The majority of the respondents mentioned that they did not know the symptoms of brucellosis, mode of transmission, method of prevention and vaccine used for brucellosis in dairy animals. Before exposure to the educational module, the percentage of knowledge was 12.03 per cent and after exposure 46.54 per cent. Mean knowledge gain was 34.51 per cent. Knowledge gain through educational module on brucellosis in dairy animals was positively and significantly correlated with education, landholding, income, herd size and experience in commercial dairy farming.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus of raw cow's milk

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (102) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
M. D. Kukhtyn ◽  
Y. V. Horiuk ◽  
V. Z. Salata ◽  
V. T. Klymyk ◽  
N. M. Vorozhbit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Almost All

The presence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk is considered a direct danger to consumers. Almost all types of dairy products normalize the amount of Staphylococcus aureus in 1 g (cm3) of product, due to their ability to produce thermostable enterotoxins. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of incision of teats of healthy and sick mastitis cows and milking equipment for irradiation of cow's milk with Staphylococcus aureus. Sanitation of milking equipment in farms was carried out with alkaline detergents based on sodium hypochlorite and acid based on phosphoric acid. Blood agar with 5 % sodium chloride was used to isolate staphylococci from washes and milk. Species identification of pure cultures of staphylococci was performed using RapID Staph Plus kits. At the same time before and after milking the skin of teats with Udder Wash and Udder Forte reduces the incidence of Staphylococcus aureus to 4.1 ± 0.3 % of cases. Quantitative determination of staphylococci, including golden on the skin of the teats revealed a decrease in the latter from 283.5 ± 21.2 to 27.6 ± 2.1 CFU/cm3 flush after milking. It has been established that the number of staphylococci, including golden, on the skin of teats increases sharply under subclinical or clinical ointment. Thus, it was found that in the subclinical form of staphylococcal mastitis from the skin of teats isolated S. aureus in the amount of 790.6 ± 65.4 CFU/cm3 of wash. At the same time, in the clinical form of mastitis, the amount of S. aureus increased, on average to 8 thousand CFU/cm3 of flush. It was found that under the condition of sanitary treatment of milking equipment with alternate use of alkaline and acid detergents and disinfectants, only 25 % of washes were staphylococci, and gold – up to 5 % of samples. It was found that in 43.7 ± 3.9 % of raw milk samples Staphylococcus aureus was not detected in 1 cm3. The number of milk samples containing Staphylococcus aureus up to 100 CFU/cm3 was 39.1 ± 3.3 %, and 17.2 ± 1.4 % of milk samples were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus in the amount of 101 to 200 CFU/cm3. Therefore, the presence of more than 200 CFU/cm3 in freshly milked Staphylococcus aureus in milk indicates the ineffectiveness of antimastitis measures, skin remediation of teats and sanitation of milking equipment.

PRELIMINARY INCUBATION OF RAW MILK SAMPLES AS AN AID IN EVALUATING BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY1

1964 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Desai ◽  
T. J. Claydon
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Count Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Plate Counts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Summer Growth

A total of 194 milk samples were obtained from 35 bulk tank grade-A milk producers in the Manhattan, Kansas, milk-shed during different seasons, and examined for standard, coliform, and psychrophile plate counts both before and after preliminary incubation (P.I.). Samples also were tested for inhibitory substances. Farms were ranked I, II, or III in general sanitation on the basis of visible conditions, with rank I most desirable. Except for one doubtful sample, all tests for inhibitory substances were negative. With standard plate counts, when no consideration was given to initial count level, there was no statistically significant relation between P.I. counts and season or sanitation rank, although summer growth ratios were always lowest. When data were grouped on the basis of initial count range, P.I. counts and growth ratios increased with increased sanitation rank in the lower count ranges. In initial count ranges > 50,000/ml the relationship between growth ratio and sanitation rank declined. With coliform counts, considerable inconsistency occurred in P.I. counts among seasons and sanitation ranks. Initial and P.I. coliforms counts showed little relationship with standard plate counts (except in summer) or with psychrophile counts. With psychrophile counts, growth ratios during P.I. were influenced by season, being highest in winter and lowest in summer. P.I. counts generally increased with increase in sanitation rank. The relation between growth ratios and sanitation rank was statistically significant (P <0.05).

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