scholarly journals Effect of fertilizer inputs on productivity and herbage quality of native pasture in degraded tropical grasslands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebi H. Bedaso ◽  
Melkamu Bezabih ◽  
Tessema Zewdu Kelkay ◽  
Aberra Adie ◽  
Nazir A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Grasslands ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Native Pasture

scholarly journals THE YIELD STABILITY AND QUALITY OF LEGUMES DURING TWO CONSECUTIVE, EXTREMELY DRY YEARS

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-177
Author(s):  
Miriam Kizeková ◽  
Ján Tomaškin ◽  
Jozef Čunderlík ◽  
Ľubica Jančová ◽  
Janka Martincová
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Herbage Quality

Abstract This study highlights the effect of drought and ambient temperature on performance and herbage quality of legume monocultures and grass-legume mixtures. In a field experiment, the total dry matter yield, seasonal pattern of dry matter yield distribution, content of crude protein and crude fibre of monocultures of red clover and alfalfa and grass-legume mixtures were investigated during two consecutive dry years (2011-2012). Alfalfa cultivars Kamila and Tereza grown as monocultures or as mixtures with Festulolium braunii (cultivar Achilles) outperformed the red clover cultivars Fresko and Veles and provided a well-balanced total and seasonal dry matter yield during both years. Across all experimental years, crude protein content was significantly higher at alfalfa monocultures and mixture when compared with clover monocultures (P < 0.05). However, considerable lower content of crude fibre at clover monocultures in comparison with alfalfa ones was found. Responses of nutritive parameters of both legume species to weather variables were different. Crude protein content in red clover was independent of rainfall and temperature. In contrast, the crude fibre content correlated with temperature whereby the alfalfa monocultures showed stronger correlations (P < 0.05) than red clover monocultures.

Effects of shade on some factors influencing nutritive quality of green panic and Siratro pastures

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 937 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Wilson ◽  
CC Wong
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Nutritive Quality ◽  
Herbage Quality

The effect of illumination at 100, 60 and 40% sunlight over 4 months on herbage quality was studied in the legume, Siratro, and the grass, green panic, grown in small plots in the field in pure and 50 : 50 mixture swards, defoliated every 4 (D4) or 8 (D8) weeks. Laminae and stems of defined ages were harvested periodically from the D8 treatment, and after 8 and 16 weeks the D4 and D8 canopies were sampled in 10-cm strata for analysis of dry matter digestibility (DMD). Shading to 60 and 40% sunlight decreased the DMD of the green panic and the mixed swards by up to 10-12 percentage units in the D8 treatment. The shade effect on DMD was smaller in the D4 treatment. Shading increased leaf bulk density in the upper strata of the grass and mixed swards. The shade effect on sward DMD was due to a decrease in DMD of lamina and stem of green panic and, in the lower canopy, also to a decrease in leaf : stem ratio of the grass. The lower DMD of green panic was associated with lower total soluble carbohydrate and higher lignin in the shaded tissues. The concurrent decrease in cell wall content of green panic under shade (as a balance to higher crude protein) indicates that shade must have greatly reduced the digestibility of the cell wall material. The chemical composition and DMD of Siratro was largely unaffected by shade.

Effect of surface applied glycine betaine on herbage production and quality of perennial ryegrass - white clover pastures

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lee ◽  
K. Elborough ◽  
W. D. Catto ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
J. R. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Osmoprotectants have been reported to reduce the detrimental effects of various environmental stresses in many different plant species. However, there is little research available concerning pasture species. Two experiments were undertaken with the aim of quantifying the effect of surface applications of exogenous glycine betaine (GB) on herbage production and quality of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)–white clover (Trifolium repens L.) pastures during periods of moisture stress and cold temperatures over 2 years. Pastures fertilised with GB were compared with unfertilised pastures and pastures fertilised with nitrogen (N). Rates of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg GB/ha.defoliation were applied in experiment 1 and 5 kg GB/ha.defoliation was applied in experiment 2. Surface applications of GB did not significantly affect herbage production relative to unfertilised pastures; herbage yields averaged 12 248 and 12 693 kg DM/ha over 11 months in experiment 1, and 7253 and 7177 kg DM/ha over 6 months during summer and autumn in experiment 2, for the unfertilised control and GB, respectively. During both experiments, herbage quality parameters were not affected by GB application, although the proportion of white clover in the sward between summer and winter during experiment 1 was greater (P < 0.01) in plots treated with GB than in untreated plots. Application of N fertiliser increased (P < 0.001) herbage production, but did not consistently affect herbage quality. The failure of surface applications of exogenous GB to improve the herbage production or quality of perennial ryegrass–white clover pastures suggests that it is not an appropriate method to enhance plant tolerance to environmental stress at the concentrations applied in these studies.

Effects of pasture type and grazing management in autumn on the performance of dairy cows in late lactation and on subsequent pasture productivity

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (126) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
KR King ◽  
CR Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Grazing Dairy Cows

An experiment at Kyabram, Victoria, studied the effects of pasture allowance on the production of grazing dairy cows in late lactation (autumn). Cows strip-grazed paspalum dominant or ryegrass-white clover perennial pastures for 60 d from March to May. Mean pasture allowances were 23.2, 13.3 or 6.9 kg digestible dry matter/cow.d. Reduced pasture allowance during late lactation reduced milk yield and body condition. This occurred because pasture intake was positively related to pasture allowance. Each additional kilogram of dry matter (DM) eaten produced 0.93 kg milk and 0.045 kg milk fat. Cows grazing ryegrass-white . clover pastures produced more milk and milk products at equivalent DM intakes than did cows grazing paspalum dominant pastures, and they were in better condition. This was due to herbage quality: cows grazing ryegrass-white clover pastures were able to select higher quality diets than could those grazing paspalum dominant pastures. When the results were compared with those from two previous stall-feeding experiments, the marginal efficiencies for milk production in all experiments were not significantly different; an extra 1.19 kg fat corrected milk was produced for each additional kilogram of digestible dry matter of pasture eaten. . The pastures were not grazed from May to September but their growth and quality were measured during this period. The amount of pasture left at drying off influenced the growth and quality of the pastures throughout winter: daily growth declined by 3.31 kg DM/ha between May and July, and by 6 56 kg DM/ha between July and September, as herbage yield at drying off (May) increased by each additional tonne of DM per hectare. Also, the ryegrass-white clover pastures grew more herbage at equivalent DM yields than did the paspalum dominant pastures. The implications of these results for grazing management are discussed.

Effects of supplements of phosphorus or phosphorus and protein on the ovarian activity of cows fed native pasture hay

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Teleni ◽  
BD Siebert ◽  
RM Murray ◽  
CD Nancarrow
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
To Receive

Eight cows with calves in pens were fed native tropical pasture hay harvested at intervals throughout the wet season. Four of the cows were supplemented with phosphorus. When pastures matured and declined in quality, calves were weaned and their dams were firstly group-fed hay in yards and later allowed to graze native pasture. One group continued to receive phosphorus supplement and both groups were supplied with protein supplement to offset possible deficiency. During the pen feeding period, none of the cows exhibited oestrus and plasma progesterone declined as the quality of the hay fell; the cows were refractory to treatment with luteolytic prostaglandin. Some four months after the commencement of protein supplementation, two cows from the group receiving phosphorus supplement exhibited oestrus. Three cows from each group had elevated plasma progesterone levels, and these animals all exhibited oestrus following treatment with prostaglandin. Phosphorus supplementation had no significant effect on feed intake, liveweight change or milk production. Blood inorganic phosphorus was significantly increased by treatment but bone phosphorus was not. It was concluded that phosphorus supplementation alone had no significant effect on reproductive activity. If cows received adequate protein, however, oestrus activity was markedly increased whether phosphorus was supplemented or not.

scholarly journals Influence of phosphate on the botanical composition and on the grade of quality of herbage.

1959 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sonneveld ◽  
A.A. Kruijne ◽  
D.M. De Vries
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Different Soils

Results of 115 field trials are tabulated in respect of the average increase in herbage quality (as defined by six grade classes) by P fertilizing in general, by increasing applications of 20-160 kg/ha P2O5, and by P dressings on different soils ranging from sands to peats. The response to P of various species of grasses and forbs, and the P status of soils (five classes of 0-20 to >80 citric solubility) in relation to herbage quality and frequency of different grass species are also discussed. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals HERBAGE QUALITY

1963 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
A.T. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Mineral Balance ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
The Ideal

The defining of the ideal balance of chemical compounds in the feed of ruminants, with their two-stage digestive system, is most difficult. We must consider not only the compounds as they exist in the plant itself, but also the products of their microbial fermentation in the animal's first two stomachs. A toxic substance may be detoxified or a harmless compound rendered harmful. The mineral balance may be altered in the animal and vitamins synthesised. The energy providing substances of the food are converted into an entirely different class of compounds in the rumen before being utilised by the animal. In this regard the physical state of the food may be as important as its chemical composition and the quality of the herbage may have to be defined in terms of the animal end product required

Effect of surface application of benzylaminopurine before and during water deficit on herbage production and quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
J. M. Lee ◽  
K. Elborough ◽  
D. Whittaker ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
J. R. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
Herbage Quality ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Insufficient water availability is one of the most serious environmental stresses for a plant and can be a major limitation to herbage production in many regions. Plant hormones, such as cytokinins, have been reported to reduce the detrimental effects of low water availability in many different plant species. However, there is little research available concerning the effect on pasture grasses. The aim of the present study was to quantify the effect of surface applications of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) before and during water deficit on herbage growth and quality of perennial ryegrass–white clover pastures. Pastures fertilised with BAP were compared with unfertilised pastures and pastures receiving nitrogen. Exogenous BAP application did not significantly affect herbage production or quality relative to unfertilised pastures. Nitrogen fertiliser increased total herbage production, but had little effect on herbage quality compared with BAP. The failure of surface applications of exogenous BAP to improve herbage production or quality suggests that it is not an appropriate method to enhance plant tolerance to water deficit at the concentration applied in this study.

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