scholarly journals Scheduling rice irrigation using soil moisture thresholds for furrow irrigation and intermittent flooding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin L. Chlapecka ◽  
Jarrod T. Hardke ◽  
Trenton L. Roberts ◽  
Matthew G. Mann ◽  
Ali Ablao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Rice Irrigation

scholarly journals Improving Onion Yield and Market Grade by Mechanical Straw Application to Irrigation Furrows

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Shock ◽  
L.B. Jensen ◽  
J.H. Hobson ◽  
M. Seddigh ◽  
B.M. Shock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Experiment Station ◽  
Straw Application

Onion (Allium cepa var. cepa L.) is extensively grown under furrow irrigation in the western United States. Wheel compaction of furrows increases water runoff and erosion, and can lead to poor lateral water movement and reduced yields. We studied the effects of 560 to 800 lb/acre (630 to 900 kg·ha-1) wheat straw mechanically applied to the bottom of irrigation furrows on yield and bulb size of sweet Spanish onions in commercial onion fields in 1988, 1990, and 1991, and at an experiment station in 1991 and 1995. Furrows in commercial fields were either compacted with tractor wheels or not. In the commercial fields, straw application increased onion yield in plots with compacted furrows in 1988 and in all plots (with or without compacted furrows) in 1990. At the experiment station, straw mulch increased onion yield 64% in 1991, and 74% in 1995. Straw application primarily increased yields of jumbo (3 to 4 inches; 76 to 102 mm) and colossal (>4 inches; 10 cm) onions, whereas there was no effect on medium (2.25 to 3 inches; 57 to 76 mm) onions. We attributed yield improvements to decreased water runoff and increased lateral water movement and soil moisture.

scholarly journals Sistem Irigasi Otomatis pada Tanaman Padi Menggunakan Arduino dan Sensor Kelembapan Tanah

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rianto Setiobudio ◽  
Cosmas Eko Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Lower Bound ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Turn On ◽  
A Value ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Rice Water

Not all regions of Indonesia can feel rice harvest up to 3 times in 1 year. This is because for the last few years rainfall is uncertain. This causes a lack of water for rice irrigation. Arranging water irrigation based on soil moisture and arduino then the water that existed during the dry season is expected to meet the need for irrigation or rice. Water dispersion using soil moisture sensor applied on rice with compost planting medium in bucket container with diameter 42 cm and compost depth 18 cm then got 18.6 liter water usage in 3,8 mounth or 115 days, in the same time while waterlogging on rice uses 20,3 liters of water. the soil moisture sensor will read the lower bound of the soil moisture that is 80% of the saturation of the soil at a value of 626. If the value is read below from that value then the arduino will turn on the relay and the pump will drain the water to the rice plant, as well as vice versa.

scholarly journals Determination of optimum irrigation scheduling for sorghum in Benna-Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
TM Lebiso ◽  
MM Mada
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Scarcity of water is the most severe constraint for sustainable development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Hence, novel irrigation water application systems need to be developed so that high crop yield and water productivity per unit of land can be increased. Thus, the field experiment was conducted with the objective of determining the effect of different soil moisture depletion levels on yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop in Benna-Tsemay woreda at Enchete kebele, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was conducted for two consecutive years (2019-2020). It was arranged in RCBD with three replications and treatment was rated for five levels of available soil moisture depletion (ASMD), where T1 = 60%, T2 = 80%, T3 = 100%, T4 = 120%, and T5 = 140% of ASMD. Analysis of variance has shown that yield and water use efficiency of sorghum crop was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by irrigation scheduling. As observed in this study, the most economically attractive and environmentally accepted for small scale farmers with tolerable cost of production and higher net benefit was obtained by application of T3 (100% ASMD) under conventional furrow irrigation system. Therefore, for this particular sorghum crop (teshale variety), it could be concluded that increased water saving and water productivity through irrigation at 100% ASMD under conventional furrow irrigation system can solve the problem of water shortage and would ensure the opportunity of further irrigation development in the study area and similar agro-ecology. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 95-102, Dec 2021

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Subsurface Drip Irrigation-Mediated Suppression of Lettuce Drop Caused by Sclerotinia minor

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Bell ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
B. Reidy ◽  
R. M. Davis ◽  
K. V. Subbarao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Lettuce Drop ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Subsurface drip irrigation and associated mandatory minimum tillage practices significantly reduced the incidence of lettuce drop (Sclerotinia minor) and the severity of corky root on lettuce compared with furrow irrigation and conventional tillage. Three possible mechanisms for the drip irrigation-mediated disease suppression were examined in this study: qualitative and quantitative differences in the soil microflora under furrow and subsurface drip irrigation; their antagonism and potential bio-control effects on S. minor; and the physical distribution of soil moisture and temperature relative to the two irrigation methods. To determine if the suppressive effects under subsurface drip irrigation were related to changes in soil microflora, soils were assayed for actinomycetes, bacteria, and fungi during the spring and fall seasons. The effects of the irrigation methods on microbial populations were nearly identical during both seasons. In the spring season, the total number of fungal colonies recovered on potato dextrose agar amended with rose Bengal generally was greater in soils under drip irrigation than under furrow irrigation, but no such differences were observed during the fall. Numbers of actinomycetes and bacteria were not significantly different between irrigation methods during either season. No interaction between sampling time and irrigation methods was observed for any of the microbial populations during both seasons. Thus, the significant effect of sampling time observed for actinomycete and bacterial populations during the spring was most likely not caused by the irrigation treatments. There were also no qualitative differences in the three groups of soil microflora between the irrigation treatments. Even though some fungal, actinomycete, and bacterial isolates suppressed mycelial growth of S. minor in in vitro assays, the isolates came from both subsurface drip- and furrow-irrigated soils. In in planta assays, selected isolates failed to reduce the incidence of drop in lettuce plants. The soil moisture under subsurface drip irrigation was significantly lower at all depths and distances from the bed center after an irrigation event than under furrow irrigation. The soil temperature, in contrast, was significantly higher at both 5 and 15 cm depths under drip irrigation than under furrow irrigation. The suppression of lettuce drop under subsurface drip irrigation compared with furrow irrigation is attributed to differential moisture and temperature effects rather than to changes in the soil microflora or their inhibitory effects on S. minor.

scholarly journals Sistem Irigasi Otomatis pada Tanaman PadiMenggunakan Arduino dan Sensor Kelembapan Tanah

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cosmas Eko Suharyanto
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Lower Bound ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Water Usage ◽  
Water Dispersion ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
A Value ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Rice Water

Not all regions of Indonesia can feel rice harvest up to 3times in 1 year. This is because for the last few years rainfall isuncertain. This causes a lack of water for rice irrigation. Arrangingwater irrigation based on soil moisture and arduino then the water thatexisted during the dry season is expected to meet the need for irrigationor rice. Water dispersion using soil moisture sensor applied on rice withcompost planting medium in bucket container with diameter 42 cm andcompost depth 18 cm then got 18.6 liter water usage in 3,8 mounth or115 days, in the same time while waterlogging on rice uses 20,3 litersof water. the soil moisture sensor will read the lower bound of the soilmoisture that is 80% of the saturation of the soil at a value of 626. Ifthe value is read below from that value then the arduino will turn onthe relay and the pump will drain the water to the rice plant, as well asvice versa.

scholarly journals Correlation between the Soil Moisture Reading Obtained with Soil Moisture Sensors and Gravimetric Method for Scheduling of Irrigation in Maize

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
C. Durga ◽  
V. Ramulu ◽  
M. Umadevi ◽  
K. Suresh ◽  
E. Sathyanarayana
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensors ◽  
Positive Significant Correlation

A field experiment was conducted at Water Technology Centre farm (WTC), College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for studying the correlation between the soil moisture reading obtained with soil moisture sensors and gravimetric method. The experiment was designed in split plot with two main treatments comprising of surface furrow (M1) and drip irrigation (M2) methods and six irrigation schedules were assigned to sub treatments and replicated thrice. Significantly higher grain yield (7.05 t ha-1) of maize was observed with nano sensor (IITB) based irrigation scheduling over rest of the irrigation schedules except gypsum block. The results revealed that correlation between the tensiometer readings and gravimetric moisture content showed a negative non significant correlation before irrigation in surface furrow irrigation method and negative significant correlation for drip irrigation method. But in case of after irrigation a positive non significant correlation was observed in both drip and surface furrow irrigation methods. The gypsum block reading and gravimetric moisture content studies showed a negative significant correlation before irrigation in both surface furrow and drip irrigation methods, where as a positive non significant correlation between gypsum block readings and gravimetric moisture content readings were noticed after irrigation in both drip and surface furrow irrigation methods. Similar trend was recorded in nano sensor, except that it showed a positive significant correlation in both irrigation methods before irrigation. The correlation studies between the profile probe readings and gravimetric moisture content showed a negative significant correlation in surface furrow irrigation method at before and after irrigation, whereas, a positive significant correlation was observed after irrigation in drip irrigation method.

scholarly journals Evaluating Strategies to Improve Water Availability and Lateral Root Growth of Plants Grown in the Rice-Growing Lowlands of the Lower Mekong Basin

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Carlos Ballester ◽  
John Hornbuckle ◽  
Thavone Inthavong ◽  
Vanndy Lim ◽  
Jeffrey McCormick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Furrow Irrigation

Overcoming constraints that poorly structured lowland rice-growing soils of the Lower Mekong River Basin present for growing non-rice crops during the dry season would have a significant positive impact on the livelihood of smallholder farmers. This study investigated whether the use of soil organic amendments, bed architecture (conventional, flat and narrow) and water application methods (sprinkler, furrow and over-bed irrigation) could improve plant water availability in typical rice-growing soils of Cambodia and Laos by either improving the movement of water into beds or the growth of the root system. Five experiments were conducted over two dry seasons on peanut and maize grown in a bed/furrow system. Organic amendments assessed were rice straw, cow/goat manure, biochar, manure plus rice straw and biochar plus manure. Results showed that compared with conventional bed/furrow design, narrowing beds increased soil moisture availability for peanut, whilst higher grain yield and water productivity were achieved with sprinkler irrigation than furrow irrigation. Placing a layer of sub-surface straw within beds did not consistently enhance soil moisture or improve root development. The study showed that maize grown on soil amended with biochar plus cow manure under a furrow irrigation system and on rice straw under sprinkler irrigation produced yields above the average yield that models have simulated for maize grown on these soils. These findings present opportunities to enhance maize production on lowland soils across Cambodia and Laos. The contrary was observed for peanut production, which indicates that factors other than water might be detrimentally affecting crop yields.

PROTOTIPE APLIKASI PENYIRAMAN TANAMAN MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR KELEMBABAN TANAH BERBASIS MICRO CONTOLLER ATMEGA 328

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Rudi Budi Agung ◽  
Muhammad Nur ◽  
Didi Sukayadi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Sensor Development ◽  
Soil Moisture Sensor ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Working Principle

The Indonesian country which is famous for its tropical climate has now experienced a shift in two seasons (dry season and rainy season). This has an impact on cropping and harvesting systems among farmers. In large scale this is very influential considering that farmers in Indonesia are stilldependent on rainfall which results in soil moisture. Some types of plants that are very dependent on soil moisture will greatly require rainfall or water for growth and development. Through this research, researchers tried to make a prototype application for watering plants using ATMEGA328 microcontroller based soil moisture sensor. Development of application systems using the prototype method as a simple method which is the first step and can be developed again for large scale. The working principle of this prototype is simply that when soil moisture reaches a certainthreshold (above 56%) then the system will work by activating the watering system, if it is below 56% the system does not work or in other words soil moisture is considered sufficient for certain plant needs.

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