Effect of slow‐release nitrogen on the nitrogen availability in an andisol and the critical nitrogen concentration in wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 1250-1262
Author(s):  
John Clunes ◽  
Dante Pinochet
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration

Nitrogen cycling in a Venezuelan tropical seasonally flooded forest: soil nitrogen mineralization and nitrification

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrios E. ◽  
Herrera R.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Flooded Forest ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Minimum Stress ◽  
Seasonally Flooded

ABSTRACTSeasonally flooded forests represent a transition between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The Mapire river, a tributary of the Orinoco river, floods its surrounding forests during the wet season (May–December). The soils are very acid and the total nitrogen concentration (0.1%) is only half that found in nearby soils flooded by Orinoco waters. Ammonium-nitrogen predominates in the soil during the flooded period while nitrate-nitrogen concentrations are higher in the dry period. Wide fluctuations in the inorganic nitrogen fractions did not considerably affect the annual course of soil nitrogen.The predominance of mineralization versus nitrification (56 and 5 μgsoil month−1respectively) and possibly the synchronization of nitrogen availability with plant demand could be considered as nitrogen conserving mechanisms.In synchrony with the hydrologic cycle, the seasonally flooded forest studied shows a nitrogencycle where inputs and accumulation are maximized when the system is under minimum stress (dry season). During flooding, the system enters a period of dormancy making minimal use of nutrient and energy to avoid or tolerate anaerobiosis.

Determination of critical nitrogen concentration and dilution curve based on leaf area index for summer maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 228 ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Zhao ◽  
Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim ◽  
Aiwang Duan ◽  
Zhandong Liu ◽  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dilution Curve ◽  
Summer Maize ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration

A Population Level Temperature-Dependent Model of Seedling Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Flowering

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Bridges ◽  
James M. Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Temperature Dependent Model

A population level, two-compartment, temperaturedependent model that predicts date of seedling johnsongrass flowering was formulated. The model consisted of a fourparameter poikilotherm rate equation to describe development rate as a function of temperature and a temperature-independent Weibull function to distribute flowering times for the population. Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of temperature, nitrogen availability, and water availability on development of seedling johnsongrass. Development was most sensitive to temperature while the effect of nitrogen concentration and water availability was minimum and inconsistent. The model was tested against three independent field data sets and provided accurate prediction of flowering dates for each data set.

The accumulation of terpenoid oils does not incur a growth cost in Eucalyptus polybractea seedlings

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. King ◽  
Roslyn M. Gleadow ◽  
Ian E. Woodrow
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The deployment of secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, as anti-herbivore defences is thought to be costly for plants in terms of primary metabolism. Moreover, it is assumed that the cost of this deployment is modified by resource availability. In this study we examined the impact of terpenoid oil accumulation on the growth of Eucalyptus polybractea R.T.Baker seedlings from four maternal half-sib families, under conditions of sufficient and limiting nitrogen. The foliar oil concentration measured was extremely variable, varying almost 20-fold to a maximum of 13% (w / DW). Oil concentration was higher in plants grown under high nitrogen than in low-nitrogen plants, and it was positively correlated with foliar nitrogen concentration. Oil concentration was related to maternal concentration, although this relationship was weak because of the variation encountered. The composition of oil, dominated by monoterpenes, was also extremely variable, although this variation could not be adequately explained by either nitrogen availability or the seedling parentage. Importantly, we detected no negative correlations between oil concentration and relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), or leaf nitrogen productivity (LNP). Rather, under nitrogen limiting conditions, positive correlations were detected between oil concentration and all three indices. We conclude that oil accumulation is associated with factors that promote growth and if there is a cost to oil deployment, it could not be detected using the experimental design employed here.

Mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of decaying litter of grasslands: the apparent low nitrogen immobilization potential of root detritus

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Seastedt ◽  
W. J. Parton ◽  
D. S. Ojima
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Nitrogen Immobilization ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Litter-bag studies and simulation modeling were used to examine the relationship between mass loss and nitrogen content of decaying prairie foliage and root litter. In contrast with forest studies, grassland roots were low in lignin and nitrogen, decayed more rapidly than foliage, and demonstrated very low nitrogen immobilization potentials. Our findings agree with reports indicating that buried substrates with high C:N ratios do not immobilize substantial amounts of nitrogen and that nitrogen-limited environments induce steeper slopes in the mass loss – nitrogen concentration relationship. However, results suggesting rapid nitrogen mineralization contradict our own studies demonstrating reduced inorganic nitrogen availability in soils of frequently burned prairie. Simulation of observed patterns using the CENTURY grassland model indicated that these results could not occur without creating soil organic matter with unrealistically high C:N ratios. Litter-bag studies of buried substrates therefore may provide an incomplete perspective on the mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of buried litter in grassland and agroecosystem soils. Key words: Andropogon gerardii, C:N ratio, decomposition, immobilization, mineralization, nitrogen.

CRITICAL NITROGEN CONCENTRATION IN LETTUCE

2003 ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Tei ◽  
P. Benincasa ◽  
M. Guiducci
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration

Mapping Optimum Nitrogen Crop Uptake

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-327
Author(s):  
J. Villodre ◽  
I. Campos ◽  
H. Lopez-Corcoles ◽  
J. Gonzalez-Piqueras ◽  
L. González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crop Growth Model ◽  
Crop Uptake ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Crop Biomass

This work proposes a methodology that uses remote sensing (RS) images to obtain optimum nitrogen crop uptake (Nuptake) maps, for the all pixels in the image included in the field during the entire growing season. The Nuptake was determined from relationship between critical nitrogen concentration (Nc) and biomass where biomass was estimated by a crop growth model based on the water use efficiency. The paper proposes the use of this methodology in commercial wheat farm. The results are discussed with respect to field measurements of crop biomass and N concentration on different dates and in zones with different nitrogen treatments from 8 commercial wheat farms in Albacete, Spain during 2015 and 2016.

scholarly journals Critical nitrogen dilution curves and productivity assessments for plant cane

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-251
Author(s):  
Augusto C. de A. Santana ◽  
Emídio C. A. de Oliveira ◽  
Vinícius S. G. da Silva ◽  
Renato L. dos Santos ◽  
Magda A. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Nitrogen Dilution ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Stalk Yield

ABSTRACT Nitrogen is the most limiting nutrient for the development of sugarcane and particularly the use of more productive and demanding varieties, for which the doses of nitrogen fertilization necessary during the plant cane cycle may be underestimated and the critical levels of nitrogen in the leaf may be modified. The objective of this study was to determine the critical nitrogen dilution curve (CNDC) for leaves, evaluate the aboveground dry mass production (DM) and productivity of two varieties fertilized with N in the plant cane cycle. The study was conducted under field conditions, evaluating two sugarcane varieties RB92579 and RB867515, fertilized with seven doses of N (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 200 kg ha-1). The varieties and doses were arranged in randomized blocks and analyzed in the 2 × 7 factorial scheme. It was found that the nitrogen concentration in the leaf decreased with four repetitions increase in DM yield and adjusted an exponential model, which enabled to estimate the critical levels of 13.03 and 12.46 g N kg-1 dry matter in the varieties RB92579 and RB867515, respectively. The plant cane cycle were observed to respond positively to nitrogen fertilization, with increase of 18.66% in tons of stalk per hectare (TSH) in response to the application addition of up to 129.45 kg N ha-1. The variety RB92579 showed the lowest dilution of the critical nitrogen concentration, the highest production of DM and higher stalk yield, and accordingly is considered to be the more efficient of the two varieties with respect to nitrogen fertilizer utilization.

scholarly journals Slow-release fertilizer to increase grain N content in spring wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-324
Author(s):  
Ari Rajala ◽  
Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Total Plant

Low grain protein often restricts the use of grain lots for milling in Finland. Nitrogen availability during grain-filling may restrict grain protein accumulation, particularly in high yielding environments. Slow-release fertilizers could potentially sustain nitrogen availability during the grain-filling period. The aim of this study was to increase plant nitrogen uptake, grain yield and grain protein response of spring wheat cultivar ‘Amaretto’, using combinations of a regular and slow-release compound NPK fertilizer. Fertilizer treatment effects on grain yield was modest, however, slow-release fertilizer treatments lowered grain protein content as well as grain, straw and total plant N compared with control treatment. The total plant N was 10 to 27 kg ha-1 lower following application of slow-release fertilizer. The results clearly indicate that the release of N by the slow-release fertilizer tested in this trial was too slow for cool Finnish growing conditions.

Critical Nitrogen Concentration Declines with Soil Water Availability in Tall Fescue

Crop Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Errecart ◽  
Mónica G. Agnusdei ◽  
Fernando A. Lattanzi ◽  
María A. Marino ◽  
Germán D. Berone
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Soil Water Availability ◽  
Critical Nitrogen Concentration
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document