Herein, we present the combined S1-HS-RRS method using inbred testers
(S1-TC-RRS) as a long-term maize breeding program, which increases the
frequency of favorable alleles and maintains genetic variability in two
genetically opposite populations. The method improves two different genetic
sources simultaneously, where S1 families, developed by selfing
phenotypically superior plants from both breeding populations are crossed
with opposite inbred testers for specific combining ability selection,
accompanied by selection of S1 families per se. A certain percentage of the
evaluated S1 families is used for the next TC-RRS selection cycle. Maternal
haploids from the selected S1 lines of each cycle of S1-TC-RRS can serve to
produce elite 100% homozygous inbred lines (dihaploids) in a short time,
which decreases the time and expenses of the selection cycle and influence
the efficiency of seed production, as well as, variety protection rights.
This elite lines than can be converted to CMS versions (paternal haploids),
for the seed production, which lowers the costs of it.
Variation in degree of pollen exclusion for
ga1‐s
unilateral cross incompatibility in temperate maize breeding populations