Cu‐MOFs Derived Porous Cu Nanoribbons with Strengthened Electric Filed for Selective CO 2 Electroreduction to C 2+ Fuels

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102447
Author(s):  
Hang Huo ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Qikui Fan ◽  
Yanjing Hu ◽  
Jian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Filed

scholarly journals Dynamics of Ion Channels via Non-Hermitian Quantum Mechanics

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Tobias Gulden ◽  
Alex Kamenev
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Algebraic Topology ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Coulomb Systems ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Ion Interactions ◽  
Multivalent Ions ◽  
Electric Filed ◽  
Entropic Effects

We study dynamics and thermodynamics of ion transport in narrow, water-filled channels, considered as effective 1D Coulomb systems. The long range nature of the inter-ion interactions comes about due to the dielectric constants mismatch between the water and the surrounding medium, confining the electric filed to stay mostly within the water-filled channel. Statistical mechanics of such Coulomb systems is dominated by entropic effects which may be accurately accounted for by mapping onto an effective quantum mechanics. In presence of multivalent ions the corresponding quantum mechanics appears to be non-Hermitian. In this review we discuss a framework for semiclassical calculations for the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Non-Hermiticity elevates WKB action integrals from the real line to closed cycles on a complex Riemann surfaces where direct calculations are not attainable. We circumvent this issue by applying tools from algebraic topology, such as the Picard-Fuchs equation. We discuss how its solutions relate to the thermodynamics and correlation functions of multivalent solutions within narrow, water-filled channels.

Ferroelectric Property of Ion Beam Enhanced Deposited Lithium Tantalate Thin Film

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 1418-1423
Author(s):  
De Yin Zhang ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Jian Sheng Xie
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Ferroelectric Property ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Fatigue Property ◽  
Lithium Tantalate ◽  
Electric Filed

The Ion Beam Enhanced Deposited (IBED) lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) thin film samples with Al/LiTaO3/Pt electrode structure were prepared on the Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) and SiO2/Si(100) substrate respectively. The crystallization, surface morphology, ferroelectric property, and fatigue property of the prepared samples with the different annealed processes were investigated. The XRD measured results show that the prepared samples have the polycrystal structure of LiTaO3 with the preferred orientation of <012> and <104> located at the 2θ of 23.60 and 32.70 respectively. The SEM morphology analysis reveals the prepared film annealed at 550°C is uniform, smooth and crack-free on the surface and cross section. The ferroelectric property measured results show that the remanent polarization Pr of the samples annealed at different temperature almost increase with the electric field intensity stronger. The leakage current makes the hysteresis loop of the samples subjected to a strong measured electric filed difficult to appear the same saturation hysteresis loop as the single-crystal LiTaO3. The prepared samples annealed at 550°C have a Pr value of 11.5μC/cm2 when subjected to the electrical field of 400kV/cm. The breakdown voltage of the 587nm thick thin film sample is high as to 680 kV/cm. The fatigue property measured results show only 15.17% Pr drop of the prepared films annealed at 550°C appear after 5×1010 cycles polarized by the 10MHz sinusoidal signal with the peak-to-peak amplitude of 10 Volt. The ferroelectric properties of the prepared films meet the practical application requirements of charge response measurement of the LiTaO3 infrared detector owe to the Pr of the prepared films annealed at different temperature large beyond 10μC/cm2 when the prepared films subjected to a strong electric filed larger than 400 kV/cm. The experimental results also show that the surface morphology, the ferroelectric and fatigue properties of the IBED LiTaO3 thin films are significant better than those of the Sol-Gel derived LiTaO3 thin films.

Microfluidic Parallel Form Mixer Utilizing Chaotic Electric Field

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 449-453
Author(s):  
Her Terng Yau ◽  
Chieh Li Chen ◽  
Ching Chang Cho
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Mixing Efficiency ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Flow Mixing ◽  
Reagent Consumption ◽  
Electric Filed ◽  
High Degree

The past few years, have witnessed a rapid increase in the application of microfluidic devices to chemical and biological analyses. These devices offer significant advantages over their traditional counterparts, including reduced reagent consumption, a more rapid analysis and a significant improvement in performance. Species mixing is a fundamentally important aspect of these devices since it is this mixing which generates the biochemical reactions necessary for their successful operation. Many microfluidic applications require the mixing of reagents, but efficient mixing in these laminar (i.e., low Reynolds number) systems are typically difficult. Instead of using complex geometries and/or relatively long channels, an electric field is applied to drive flow mixing in microchannels. Generally, the fluid is driven by the application of an external periodic AC electric field. However, the chaotic AC electric filed is never used to drive flow mixing in microchannels. Chaotic behavior is a very interesting nonlinear effect. In some physical systems, chaos is a beneficial feature as it enhances mixing in chemical reactions. This paper presents a numerical investigation of electrokinetically-driven flow mixing in microchannels with chaotic electric field. The simulation results show that the application of a chaotic external field enables a reduction in the mixing channel length and a high degree of mixing efficiency. It is shown that a mixing performance as high as 90% can be achieved by chaotic external electric field.

Squarness Control in Polarization-electric filed Curves in Rhombohedral PZT Films

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Funakubo ◽  
A. Sumi ◽  
H. Morioka ◽  
S. Okamoto ◽  
S. Yokoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pzt Films ◽  
Electric Filed

An automatic method for optimization of optical parameters and electric filed distributions in thin-film polarizers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naibo Chen ◽  
Yonggang Wu ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Leijie Ling ◽  
Zihuan Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Electric Filed
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