scholarly journals A Survey of Chinese Pig Farms and Human Healthcare Isolates Reveals Separate Human and Animal Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Populations

2021 ◽  
pp. 2103388
Author(s):  
Geng Zou ◽  
Marta Matuszewska ◽  
Ming Jia ◽  
Jianwei Zhou ◽  
Xiaoliang Ba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Human Healthcare

scholarly journals Transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains between different kinds of pig farms

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. van Duijkeren ◽  
R. Ikawaty ◽  
M.J. Broekhuizen-Stins ◽  
M.D. Jansen ◽  
E.C. Spalburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pig Farms

scholarly journals Frequency of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Fattening Pigs in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Ludwig Takeuti ◽  
Carolina Maciel Malgarin ◽  
Amanda Figueiredo Amaral ◽  
David Emilio Santos Neves de Barcellos
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
The State ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Pig Farms

Background: Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is an important nosocomial pathogen in humans and animals worldwide. The commonest class of antibiotics used to treat staphylococcal infections is the β-lactams. Frequently, S. aureus strains show high resistance to methicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics, called “Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus” (MRSA). Although MRSA has emerged at slower rate in domestic animals, it has frequently been found in the nasal cavity of healthy piglets and its transmission between pigs and swine handlers has already been studied. The aim of this work was to assess the presence of MRSA in finishing pigs in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 350 nasal swabs were collected from 10 to 20 week old finishing pigs. Sampling was performed in five pig farms in northeast Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Swabs were stored in tubes without transport medium and carried to the laboratory under refrigeration. The specimens were cultured in selective and differential Agar (Baird Parker) and then were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h. After isolation of typical colonies of S. aureus, they were inoculated in BHI (Brain Heart Infusion) broth at 37ºC for 24 h and tested for tube coagulase activity. Coagulase positive samples were selected for growth in Oxacillin Resistant Screening Agar (ORSA) supplemented with 2 mg/L of oxacillin. This media contains aniline blue to demonstrate mannitol fermentation. Oxacillin and 5.5% NaCl have the capacity to reduce the growth of non-staphylococcal bacteria, selecting for MRSA.  Blue colonies growth after 24 to 48 h of incubation at 37ºC indicate the presence of positive MRSA strains. Specimens with at least one colony growing in ORSA within 48 h were considered resistant. Linear regression was performed in order to identify the association between herd size and MRSA frequency (SAS 9.4, 2012). Growth of S. aureus occurred on 18.0% of the samples and differences among farms were found. However, after incubation in ORSA only 18 (5.1%) were MRSA positive, ranging from zero to 12.5% among farms.  Significant correlation between herd size and MRSA frequency (adjusted r² = 0.978; P = 0.001) was observed.Discussion: In a previous study in pig herds in Brazil examining swine nasal swabs, 22.5% was positive for S. aureus and none for MRSA. One of 5 farms tested in our work also had no positive animals and 4 of them showed low frequencies, ranging from 1.7% to 12.5% with an average of 5.1%. Our results were similar to those found in Asian countries, but were very different from European data. Some factors can be associated with MRSA frequency in pig farms, such as dust, air contamination, poor hygiene, age, herd size, replacement rate and number of sources. In the present work we found a strong positive correlation (r² adjusted = 0.978; P = 0.001) between herd size and MRSA frequency, such as detected by previous authors. It might occur due to a higher risk of bacterial introduction and higher pressure of infection, easing dissemination of MRSA. Herd size may be a crucial factor to explain the frequencies found, since farms had very similar facilities and handling practices. Although the average frequency has been low in this work when compared to other countries, MRSA was present in almost all farms. This bacteria is able to transmit mecA gene to S. aureus susceptible populations, increasing MRSA frequencies over time.

Occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in rats living on pig farms

2009 ◽  
Vol 91 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.W. van de Giessen ◽  
M.G. van Santen-Verheuvel ◽  
P.D. Hengeveld ◽  
T. Bosch ◽  
E.M. Broens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pig Farms

scholarly journals Sampling, prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on two Belgian pig farms

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geertrui Rasschaert ◽  
Isabelle Dewaele ◽  
Winy Messens ◽  
Ingrid De Man ◽  
Pierre Delputte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pig Farms

scholarly journals Sampling, prevalence and characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on two Belgian pig farms

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Dewaele ◽  
Winy Messens ◽  
Ingrid De Man ◽  
Pierre Delputte ◽  
Lieve Herman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
On Farm

This study investigated the spread of MRSA (methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) on two Belgian pig farms. Pigs of different ages (from farrowing to slaughter age and sows) as well as the barn environment were screened extensively on two occasions three months apart. A subset of MRSA isolates was tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to 16 antibiotics and was further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Ninety-five percent and 77% of the tested pigs on farm A and farm B, respectively, were colonized with MRSA. MRSA positive animals were detected in all age categories sampled on each sampling day. Piglets were already colonized in the farrowing unit with the same or other MRSA strains than their mother. The prevalence of MRSA colonized pigs increased significantly after weaning and decreased during the fattening period. Pigs carried MRSA mainly in the nares, followed by the perineum and skin and to a lesser degree the rectum. A pig could be contaminated or colonized with different MRSA strains at the same time. The barn environment was also found to be contaminated with different MRSA strains, including the air inlet and outlet. All isolates tested on both farms were resistant to both tetracycline and trimethoprim, while they were susceptible to rifampicin, mupirocin and linezolid. There was a significant difference in resistance prevalence between the two farms for the antibiotics gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, tylosin, lincomycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Furthermore, several antibiotic resistance profiles were observed within one farm. This study clearly indicates that several MRSA strains circulate on one farm, from the nursery unit to the fattening unit. This is important to consider when attempts are made to remediate these farms.

The presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on large pig breeding farms in Croatia

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Habrun ◽  
Ivana Račić ◽  
Relja Beck ◽  
Ana Budimir ◽  
Miroslav Benić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Breeding Farms

Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) have emerged worldwide and have become resistant to a variety of antibiotics. MRSA colonisation in pigs was first reported from the Netherlands in 2005, where pigs were implicated as a source of human MRSA infections (Voss et al., 2005). This paper presents the first report on the presence of MRSA on large pig breeding farms in Croatia, together with the determination of themecAgene, the results ofspatyping and susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobials. Dust samples (7–11 per farm) were collected from eight large pig farms in Croatia. Of the total 68 swabs, themecA gene was detected in 24 isolates growing on the MRSA agar. All isolates were resistant to oxacillin, tetracycline and streptomycin, and susceptible only to vancomycin, while 92% of the strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Genotyping of the MRSA strains was performed byspatyping, and revealed t011 (n = 17), t034 (n = 5) and t1451 (n = 2). The results presented here predict that MRSA is present on a large number of pig farms in Croatia.

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