scholarly journals In Situ Subcellular Detachment of Cells Using a Cell‐Friendly Photoresist and Spatially Modulated Light

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 1900566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeehun Park ◽  
Taeyup Kim ◽  
Jong Chul Choi ◽  
Junsang Doh
Keyword(s):  
A Cell ◽  
Modulated Light ◽  
Spatially Modulated Light

scholarly journals An in situ near-ambient pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy study of Mn polarised anodically in a cell with solid oxide electrolyte

2015 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedetto Bozzini ◽  
Matteo Amati ◽  
Patrizia Bocchetta ◽  
Simone Dal Zilio ◽  
Axel Knop-Gericke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolyte ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Oxide Electrolyte

scholarly journals Order and stochasticity in the folding of individual Drosophila genomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Ulianov ◽  
Vlada V. Zakharova ◽  
Aleksandra A. Galitsyna ◽  
Pavel I. Kos ◽  
Kirill E. Polovnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Genome ◽  
Topologically Associating Domains ◽  
Chromatin Folding ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Single Nucleus ◽  
High Level ◽  
Cell To Cell Variability

AbstractMammalian and Drosophila genomes are partitioned into topologically associating domains (TADs). Although this partitioning has been reported to be functionally relevant, it is unclear whether TADs represent true physical units located at the same genomic positions in each cell nucleus or emerge as an average of numerous alternative chromatin folding patterns in a cell population. Here, we use a single-nucleus Hi-C technique to construct high-resolution Hi-C maps in individual Drosophila genomes. These maps demonstrate chromatin compartmentalization at the megabase scale and partitioning of the genome into non-hierarchical TADs at the scale of 100 kb, which closely resembles the TAD profile in the bulk in situ Hi-C data. Over 40% of TAD boundaries are conserved between individual nuclei and possess a high level of active epigenetic marks. Polymer simulations demonstrate that chromatin folding is best described by the random walk model within TADs and is most suitably approximated by a crumpled globule build of Gaussian blobs at longer distances. We observe prominent cell-to-cell variability in the long-range contacts between either active genome loci or between Polycomb-bound regions, suggesting an important contribution of stochastic processes to the formation of the Drosophila 3D genome.

scholarly journals The presence and absence of periplasmic rings in bacterial flagellar motors correlates with stator type

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Kaplan ◽  
Debnath Ghosal ◽  
Poorna Subramanian ◽  
Catherine M Oikonomou ◽  
Andreas Kjaer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Shewanella Oneidensis ◽  
Flagellar Motor ◽  
Flagellar Motors ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Animal Hosts

The bacterial flagellar motor, a cell-envelope-embedded macromolecular machine that functions as a cellular propeller, exhibits significant structural variability between species. Different torque-generating stator modules allow motors to operate in different pH, salt or viscosity levels. How such diversity evolved is unknown. Here, we use electron cryo-tomography to determine the in situ macromolecular structures of three Gammaproteobacteria motors: Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Shewanella oneidensis, providing the first views of intact motors with dual stator systems. Complementing our imaging with bioinformatics analysis, we find a correlation between the motor’s stator system and its structural elaboration. Motors with a single H+-driven stator have only the core periplasmic P- and L-rings; those with dual H+-driven stators have an elaborated P-ring; and motors with Na+ or Na+/H+-driven stators have both their P- and L-rings embellished. Our results suggest an evolution of structural elaboration that may have enabled pathogenic bacteria to colonize higher-viscosity environments in animal hosts.

Detection of inhomogeneities in diffusive media using spatially modulated light

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (14) ◽  
pp. 2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bassi ◽  
Cosimo D'Andrea ◽  
Gianluca Valentini ◽  
Rinaldo Cubeddu ◽  
Simon Arridge
Keyword(s):  
Modulated Light ◽  
Spatially Modulated Light

Control of proliferin gene expression in serum-stimulated mouse cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 2080-2086
Author(s):  
D I Linzer ◽  
E L Wilder
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Serum Stimulation ◽  
Posttranscriptional Processing ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

The serum-inducible expression of proliferin genes in BALB/c 3T3 cells was found to be dependent on both protein synthesis and an extended presence of serum in the medium. Even though no mature proliferin mRNA was detected in serum-starved cells, transcription of the proliferin genes occurred in these resting-cell cultures, indicating that posttranscriptional events may be important for regulating proliferin mRNA levels. These results suggest that protein synthesis after serum stimulation of quiescent mouse fibroblasts is required for posttranscriptional processing or stabilization of proliferin RNA. Proliferin RNA levels were found to be heterogeneous among serum-stimulated cells analyzed by in situ hybridization. This heterogeneity is probably due to asynchrony in the population and may point to a correlation between the time of proliferin expression and the time of entry of a cell into S phase.

Urinary TCP1-eta: A Cortical Damage Marker for the Pathophysiological Diagnosis and Prognosis of Acute Kidney Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 174 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M Sancho-Martínez ◽  
Fernando Sánchez-Juanes ◽  
Víctor Blanco-Gozalo ◽  
Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso ◽  
Laura Prieto-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cortical Damage ◽  
Renal Tubular Cells ◽  
Tubular Necrosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Dextran Solution

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious syndrome with increasing incidence and health consequences, and high mortality rate among critically ill patients. Acute kidney injury lacks a unified definition, has ambiguous semantic boundaries, and relies on defective diagnosis. This, in part, is due to the absence of biomarkers substratifying AKI patients into pathophysiological categories based on which prognosis can be assigned and clinical treatment differentiated. For instance, AKI involving acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is expected to have a worse prognosis than prerenal, purely hemodynamic AKI. However, no biomarker has been unambiguously associated with tubular cell death or is able to provide etiological distinction. We used a cell-based system to identify TCP1-eta in the culture medium as a noninvasive marker of damaged renal tubular cells. In rat models of AKI, TCP1-eta was increased in the urine co-relating with renal cortical tubule damage. When kidneys from ATN rats were perfused in situ with Krebs-dextran solution, a portion of the urinary TCP1-eta protein content excreted into urine disappeared, and another portion remained within the urine. These results indicated that TCP1-eta was secreted by tubule cells and was not fully reabsorbed by the damaged tubules, both effects contributing to the increased urinary excretion. Urinary TCP1-eta is found in many etiologically heterogeneous AKI patients, and is statistically higher in patients partially recovered from severe AKI. In conclusion, urinary TCP1-eta poses a potential, substratifying biomarker of renal cortical damage associated with bad prognosis.

scholarly journals Resurvey of Bore Hole at Dye 3, South Greenland

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (117) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lyle Hansen ◽  
N. S. Gundestrup
Keyword(s):  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Dust Content ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Cell Height ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Strong Convection ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractThe 2037 m deep bore hole at Dye 3 in south Greenland was surveyed in 1981, 1983, 1985, and 1986. The directional surveys show the ice flow is planar with a surface velocity of 12.2m/year at an azimuth of 060°, which agrees with surface velocity measured by navigation satellites. Measurements of hole diameter and inclination are highly correlated with dust content in the ice. The temperature measurements show strong convection in the hole fluid with a cell height of about 20 m and an amplitude of 0.1 K. The calculated meanin-situice density is 921.3 ± 1.5kg/m3. Due to ice deformation, the lowest 4 m of the hole were not accessible in 1985 and the lowest 180 m were not accessible in 1986.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a cell penetrating prenylated peptide lacking an intrinsic fluorophore via in situ click reaction

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 4998-5001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua D. Ochocki ◽  
Daniel G. Mullen ◽  
Elizabeth V. Wattenberg ◽  
Mark D. Distefano
Keyword(s):  
Click Reaction ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
A Cell
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