scholarly journals Void‐Free Layered Polymeric Architectures via Capillary‐Action of Nanoporous Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1901427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonyoon Lee ◽  
Seth S. Kessler ◽  
Brian L. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Action ◽  
Nanoporous Films

Ultrastructural Localization of Antigens by Capillary Action Immunocytochemistry

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 40-41
Author(s):  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Rabbit Igg

Light microscopic immunohistochemistry based on the principle of capillary action staining is a widely used method to localize antigens. Capillary action immunostaining, however, has not been tested or applied to detect antigens at the ultrastructural level. The aim of this work was to establish a capillary action staining method for localization of intracellular antigens, using colloidal gold probes.Post-embedding capillary action immunocytochemistry was used to detect maternal IgG in the small intestine of newborn suckling piglets. Pieces of the jejunum of newborn piglets suckled for 12 h were fixed and embedded into LR White resin. Sections on nickel grids were secured on a capillary action glass slide (100 μm wide capillary gap, Bio-Tek Solutions, Santa Barbara CA, distributed by CMS, Houston, TX) by double sided adhesive tape. Immunolabeling was performed by applying reagents over the grids using capillary action and removing reagents by blotting on filter paper. Reagents for capillary action staining were from Biomeda (Foster City, CA). The following steps were performed: 1) wet the surface of the sections with automation buffer twice, 5 min each; 2) block non-specific binding sites with tissue conditioner, 10 min; 3) apply first antibody (affinity-purified rabbit anti-porcine IgG, Sigma Chem. Co., St. Louis, MO), diluted in probe diluent, 1 hour; 4) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 5) apply gold probe (goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated to 10 nm colloidal gold, Zymed Laboratories, South San Francisco, CA) diluted in probe diluent, 30 min; 6) wash with automation buffer three times, 5 min each; 7) post-fix with 5% glutaraldehyde in PBS for 10 min; 8) wash with PBS twice, 5 min each; 9) contrast with 1% OSO4 in PBS for 15 min; 10) wash with PBS followed by distilled water for5 min each; 11) stain with 2% uranyl acetate for 10 min; 12) stain with lead citrate for 2 min; 13) wash with distilled water three times, 1 min each. The glass slides were separated, and the grids were air-dried, then removed from the adhesive tape. The following controls were used to ensure the specificity of labeling: i) omission of the first antibody; ii) normal rabbit IgG in lieu of first antibody; iii) rabbit anti-porcine IgG absorbed with porcine IgG.

Capillary Action-Inspired Nanoengineering of Spheres-on-Sphere Microspheres with Hollow Core and Hierarchical Shell

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 14669-14678
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Mingwang Pan ◽  
Jinfeng Yuan ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Lei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Core ◽  
Capillary Action

Automation ofIn situHybridization: Application of the Capillary Action Robotic Workstation

1988 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Unger ◽  
David J. Brigati ◽  
Margie L. Chenggis ◽  
Lynn Rae Budgeon ◽  
Douglas Koebler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capillary Action ◽  
Robotic Workstation

scholarly journals Spreading and Drying Dynamics of Water Drop on Hot Surface of Superwicking Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Material Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Ranran Fang ◽  
Zekai Li ◽  
Xianhang Zhang ◽  
Xiaohui Zhu ◽  
Hanlin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Capillary Surface ◽  
Water Flow Velocity ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Alloy Material ◽  
Hot Surface

A superwicking Ti-6Al-4V alloy material with a hierarchical capillary surface structure was fabricated using femtosecond laser. The basic capillary surface structure is an array of micropillars/microholes. For enhancing its capillary action, the surface of the micropillars/microholes is additionally structured by regular fine microgrooves using a technique of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS), providing an extremely strong capillary action in a temperature range between 23 °C and 80 °C. Due to strong capillary action, a water drop quickly spreads in the wicking surface structure and forms a thin film over a large surface area, resulting in fast evaporation. The maximum water flow velocity after the acceleration stage is found to be 225–250 mm/s. In contrast to other metallic materials with surface capillarity produced by laser processing, the wicking performance of which quickly degrades with time, the wicking functionality of the material created here is long-lasting. Strong and long-lasting wicking properties make the created material suitable for a large variety of practical applications based on liquid-vapor phase change. Potential significant energy savings in air-conditioning and cooling data centers due to application of the material created here can contribute to mitigation of global warming.

scholarly journals Applications of Capillary Action in Drug Delivery

iScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 102810
Author(s):  
Xiaosi Li ◽  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Chao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Capillary Action

scholarly journals Nanoporous Films with Photoswitchable Absorption Kinetics Based on Polymerizable Columnar Discotic Liquid Crystals

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 4385-4392
Author(s):  
Jody A. M. Lugger ◽  
Patricia P. Marín San Román ◽  
Camiel C. E. Kroonen ◽  
Rint P. Sijbesma
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystals ◽  
Discotic Liquid Crystals ◽  
Absorption Kinetics ◽  
Nanoporous Films

scholarly journals Oligoribonuclease is the primary degradative enzyme for pGpG inPseudomonas aeruginosathat is required for cyclic-di-GMP turnover

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (36) ◽  
pp. E5048-E5057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona W. Orr ◽  
Gregory P. Donaldson ◽  
Geoffrey B. Severin ◽  
Jingxin Wang ◽  
Herman O. Sintim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Capillary Action ◽  
Diguanylate Cyclases ◽  
Active Site Mutants ◽  
Degradative Enzyme

The bacterial second messenger cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) controls biofilm formation and other phenotypes relevant to pathogenesis. Cyclic-di-GMP is synthesized by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs). Phosphodiesterases (PDE-As) end signaling by linearizing c-di-GMP to 5ʹ-phosphoguanylyl-(3ʹ,5ʹ)-guanosine (pGpG), which is then hydrolyzed to two GMP molecules by yet unidentified enzymes termed PDE-Bs. We show that pGpG inhibits a PDE-A fromPseudomonas aeruginosa. In a dual DGC and PDE-A reaction, excess pGpG extends the half-life of c-di-GMP, indicating that removal of pGpG is critical for c-di-GMP homeostasis. Thus, we sought to identify the PDE-B enzyme(s) responsible for pGpG degradation. A differential radial capillary action of ligand assay-based screen for pGpG binding proteins identified oligoribonuclease (Orn), an exoribonuclease that hydrolyzes two- to five-nucleotide-long RNAs. Purified Orn rapidly converts pGpG into GMP. To determine whether Orn is the primary enzyme responsible for degrading pGpG, we assayed cell lysates of WT and ∆ornstrains ofP. aeruginosaPA14 for pGpG stability. The lysates from ∆ornshowed 25-fold decrease in pGpG hydrolysis. Complementation with WT, but not active site mutants, restored hydrolysis. Accumulation of pGpG in the ∆ornstrain could inhibit PDE-As, increasing c-di-GMP concentration. In support, we observed increased transcription from the c-di-GMP–regulatedpelpromoter. Additionally, the c-di-GMP–governed auto-aggregation and biofilm phenotypes were elevated in the ∆ornstrain in apel-dependent manner. Finally, we directly detect elevated pGpG and c-di-GMP in the ∆ornstrain. Thus, we identified that Orn serves as the primary PDE-B enzyme that removes pGpG, which is necessary to complete the final step in the c-di-GMP degradation pathway.

Characterization of the porous nature of a phthalocyanine derivative with axial ligation designed to prevent aggregation

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 389-396
Author(s):  
Carl A. Barker ◽  
Alan Massey ◽  
Aidan Rhodes ◽  
Martin R. Bryce ◽  
Ritu Kataky
Keyword(s):  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Selective Transport ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Axial Ligation ◽  
Nanoporous Films ◽  
Atom Force Microscopy ◽  
Solvent Cast ◽  
Complementary Techniques

Judiciously designed phthalocyanines (Pcs), such as silicon-Pc bis(3,5-diphenyl)benzoate (1c), with axial substituents which prevent aggregation, can self-assemble to form ordered nanoporous films on electrode surfaces. In this paper, complementary techniques such as Scanning Kelvin Nanoprobe (SKN) microscopy, Atom Force Microscopy (AFM) and electrochemical measurements are used to demonstrate that films formed by silicon-Pc bis(3,5-diphenyl)benzoate allow size- and charge- selective transport of probe molecules through well-defined intermolecular cavities. In contrast, the analogs silicon-Pc bis(4-tert-butylbenzoate) (1a) and silicon-Pc bis(3-thienyl)acetate (1b) have different film morphologies when solvent-cast in the same manner and block the electrode surface. The role of the different axial substituents in orienting the molecules on the substrate is discussed.

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