The polyoxometalate (POM)-based organic–inorganic hybrid systems II1–II7 are designed as the p-type dyes containing double D–A1–π–A2 chains.
3D hierarchical Zn2SnO4 with different sizes are fabricated via a one-step hydrothermal method. And the DSSCS devices based on Zn2SnO4 microspheres photoanode are designed. The 1.20 μm Zn2SnO4 microspheres show the best power conversion efficiency.