Cancer‐cell‐biomimetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Therapy of Multiple Myeloma Based on Bone Marrow Homing

2021 ◽  
pp. 2107883
Author(s):  
Ying Qu ◽  
Bingyang Chu ◽  
Xue Wei ◽  
Yingying Chen ◽  
Yun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Biomimetic Nanoparticles

Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Producing Multiple Myeloma (HGF myeloma) Is a Distinct Clinical Entity and Needs for Molecular Targeted Therapy.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1717-1717
Author(s):  
Yutaka Hattori ◽  
Shin-ichiro Okamoto ◽  
Wenlin Du ◽  
Taketo Yamada ◽  
Naoki Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Molecular Targeted Therapy ◽  
Bone Lesion ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Lytic Bone Lesion ◽  
Hepatocyte Growth

Abstract Background and Objective: Disease control of refractory or relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) remains a therapeutic challenge. Classification of the patients in the molecular basis and development of targeted therapy are crucial to overcome the situation. We previously reported that 20–30% of MM cells produce hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and its serum concentration was specifically elevated in symptomatic MM patients. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the clinical characteristics of HGF-producing MM (HGF myeloma) and to explore a novel therapy. Patients & Methods: Serum concentrations of HGF obtained from 76 patients with MM were measured by ELIZA. Less than 0.3μg/L was considered as a normal range. Association of serum HGF levels with various clinical parameters for disease activity was examined, including age, ISS stage, type of M protein, hemoglobin level, serum creatinine, Ca, β2M, albumin, LDH, CRP, bone marrow MM cell %, chromosomal abnormality, presence of lytic bone lesion and extramedullar plasmacytoma. Phase 2 thalidomide monotherapy was also conducted in 56 patients with refractory MM. HGF-specific competitive inhibitor, NK4 protein, was used for in vitro experiments such as growth inhibition by MTT assay, induction of apoptosis by flow cytometer and activation of intracellular signaling molecules by Western blot analysis. Recombinant adenovirus containing NK4 cDNA (AdCMV.NK4) was intramuscularly injected into lcr/scid-mice bearing tumors derived from HGFproducing KMS11 and 34 cells. Results: Elevated serum HGF level was significantly associated with the presence of anemia (p=0.03) and lytic bone lesion (p=0.009). Seven out of eight patients with high CRP levels without infection and five out of nine patients with extramedullar plasmacytoma also demonstrated elevated serum HGF level. Furthermore, in thalidomide monotherapy for refractory MM, increase in pre- and posttreatment serum HGF level was significant poor prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in univariate analyses, p=0.025 and 0.01, respectively. Elevation of post-treatment HGF level was also independent poor prognostic factor for OS in multivariate analysis. We next examined the possibility of molecular targeted therapy of HGF using NK4. NK4 protein stabilized the growth of HGF-producing MM cell lines and primary bone marrow MM cells in vitro. NK4 also increased in annexin V+ apoptotic cell fraction and regulated the activation of c-Met, ERK1/2, STAT3, and AKT-1. AdCMV.NK4 significantly delayed growth of KMS 11 and 34-derived tumors in vivo. Histological examination revealed that AdCMV.NK4 induced apoptosis of the tumor cells, accompanied by a reduction in neovascularization in the tumors. AdCMV.NK4 injection prolonged survival of KMS 11 tumor-bearing mice. Conclusion: HGF myeloma is characterized by increased disease activity such as anemia, bone lesion, high CRP level and extramedullar plasmacytoma and also by shorter survival by conventional therapy including thalidomide, and it should be recognized as a distinct clinical entity. Since NK4 showed direct anti-myeloma effect as well as anti-angiogenic activity against HGF-producing MM cells, molecular targeted therapy, for example using NK4, is to be established to improve the therapeutic outcome of HGF myloma.

Cancer-Cell-Biomimetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Therapy of Homotypic Tumors

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (43) ◽  
pp. 9581-9588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Sun ◽  
Jinghan Su ◽  
Qingshuo Meng ◽  
Qi Yin ◽  
Lingli Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Biomimetic Nanoparticles

Role Of Folate Receptor Targeted Therapy In Multiple Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4436-4436
Author(s):  
Sonali Panchabhai ◽  
Katalin Kelemen ◽  
Sinto Sebastian Chirackal ◽  
Rafael Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Tumoricidal Activity ◽  
Significant Difference

In multiple myeloma (MM) the interaction of plasma cells, bone marrow stromal cells and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) plays a significant role in conferring resistance to therapy and in the maintenance of residual disease. Folate receptors (FR) are specifically expressed on metabolically active malignant cells and TAMs and their expression in normal tissues and resting macrophages is limited. FR mediates folate uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis. This qualifies the receptor to be exploited for drug delivery of folate conjugated cancer therapeutics. Our primary goal in this study is to evaluate the expression of functional FR in MM cells and TAMs with a view to exploit this for folate conjugated targeted therapy for MM. First we evaluated the presence of TAMs in paraffin embedded bone marrow slides of newly diagnosed MM patients with CD68 (pan-Macrophage marker) and CD163 antibodies (specific marker of TAMs) and found extensive infiltration of macrophages in bone marrow from MM patients. Next to evaluate expression of FR in MM cells, we employed an FR antibody and evaluated MM cell lines with immunoblot, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. In a panel of ten MM cell lines, we found that out of the three FR isoforms (α, β and γ), FR beta (FR-β) is expressed by all of them. Next to test whether this expressed receptor is indeed functional, we incubated the cells with folate deficient media, added different concentrations of EC17 (folate conjugated to FITC, Endocyte Inc.) to the medium and looked for the uptake by flow cytometry after washing off the drug at different time points (after 10, 20, 40 and 60 min).We observed that the uptake begins in 10 min and is saturated at 1 hour with 100nM Folate-FITC. With confocal imaging, Folate-FITC was found in the cytoplasm of MM cells suggesting internalization of Folate-FITC and localization in the cytoplasm. In addition to myeloma cell lines, we also confirmed the uptake of Folate-FITC in CD138+ plasma cells of a newly diagnosed myeloma patient by flow cytometry. This strongly suggests that MM cells express functional FR-β. To test the specificity of this FR mediated uptake, we pre-incubated cells with 0.1mM folic acid in medium for 30 min and then added EC17. This maneuver blocked the activity mediated by FR and no uptake was observed , which proves that the Folate-FITC is internalized only through the FR. To evaluate the expression of FR in-vivo samples, we stained paraffin embedded bone marrow slides of newly diagnosed MM patients with FR-β antibody and TAM specific markers. We observe that FR is expressed on both MM cells as well as TAMs. To assess the endurance of cytotoxic effect of folate conjugated chemotherapeutic agents, we treated MM cell lines with folate conjugated vinka alkaloids and compared them to unconjugated drug and found no significant difference in their action suggesting conjugation with folate does not alter its efficacy. To assess potential toxicity of folate conjugated therapeutics, we obtained CD34+ cells and looked for the uptake of Folate-FITC with flow cytometry. We found no uptake and this is in line with previous reports suggesting that CD34 positive cells express nonfunctional FR. So we propose that FR qualify as potential targets for cancer treatment. Folate targeted therapy using folate-conjugated drugs which can selectively act against both MM cells and supporting TAMs has the potential of specific anti-MM tumoricidal activity. This therapeutic approach would broaden the use of drugs that could be conjugated with folate for MM therapy. Additionally assessment of TAMs in bone marrow sections of MM patients would add another feature for grading, classifying and prognosticating MM. Disclosures: Fonseca: Cylene: Research Funding; AMGEN: Consultancy; Millennium: Consultancy; Binding Site: Consultancy; Onyx: Consultancy, Research Funding; Lilly: Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Genzyme: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Medtronic: Consultancy; Otsuka: Consultancy; Prognostication of MM based on genetic categorization of the disease: Prognostication of MM based on genetic categorization of the disease, Prognostication of MM based on genetic categorization of the disease Patents & Royalties.

Bone disease as the first manifestation of systemic AL-amyloidosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
L. P. Mendeleeva ◽  
I. G. Rekhtina ◽  
A. M. Kovrigina ◽  
I. E. Kostina ◽  
V. A. Khyshova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Bone Destruction ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Al Amyloidosis ◽  
Linear Type

Our case demonstrates severe bone disease in primary AL-amyloidosis without concomitant multiple myeloma. A 30-year-old man had spontaneous vertebral fracture Th8. A computed tomography scan suggested multiple foci of lesions in all the bones. In bone marrow and resected rib werent detected any tumor cells. After 15 years from the beginning of the disease, nephrotic syndrome developed. Based on the kidney biopsy, AL-amyloidosis was confirmed. Amyloid was also detected in the bowel and bone marrow. On the indirect signs (thickening of the interventricular septum 16 mm and increased NT-proBNP 2200 pg/ml), a cardial involvement was confirmed. In the bone marrow (from three sites) was found 2.85% clonal plasma cells with immunophenotype СD138+, СD38dim, СD19-, СD117+, СD81-, СD27-, СD56-. FISH method revealed polysomy 5,9,15 in 3% of the nuclei. Serum free light chain Kappa 575 mg/l (/44.9) was detected. Multiple foci of destruction with increased metabolic activity (SUVmax 3.6) were visualized on PET-CT, and an surgical intervention biopsy was performed from two foci. The number of plasma cells from the destruction foci was 2.5%, and massive amyloid deposition was detected. On CT scan foci of lesions differed from bone lesions at multiple myeloma. Bone fragments of point and linear type (button sequestration) were visualized in most of the destruction foci. The content of the lesion was low density. There was no extraossal spread from large zones of destruction. There was also spontaneous scarring of the some lesions (without therapy). Thus, the diagnosis of multiple myeloma was excluded on the basis based on x-ray signs, of the duration of osteodestructive syndrome (15 years), the absence of plasma infiltration in the bone marrow, including from foci of bone destruction by open biopsy. This observation proves the possibility of damage to the skeleton due to amyloid deposition and justifies the need to include AL-amyloidosis in the spectrum of differential diagnosis of diseases that occur with osteodestructive syndrome.

scholarly journals Inhibition of glypican-1 expression induces an activated fibroblast phenotype in a human bone marrow-derived stromal cell-line

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhneeraj P. Kaur ◽  
Arti Verma ◽  
Hee. K. Lee ◽  
Lillie M. Barnett ◽  
Payaningal R. Somanath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cell ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Human Bone ◽  
Human Bone Marrow ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cell type in the tumor microenvironment. CAFs orchestrate tumor-stromal interactions, and contribute to cancer cell growth, metastasis, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and chemoresistance. However, CAFs have not been successfully targeted for the treatment of cancer. The current study elucidates the significance of glypican-1 (GPC-1), a heparan sulfate proteoglycan, in regulating the activation of human bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BSCs) of fibroblast lineage (HS-5). GPC-1 inhibition changed HS-5 cellular and nuclear morphology, and increased cell migration and contractility. GPC-1 inhibition also increased pro-inflammatory signaling and CAF marker expression. GPC-1 induced an activated fibroblast phenotype when HS-5 cells were exposed to prostate cancer cell conditioned media (CCM). Further, treatment of human bone-derived prostate cancer cells (PC-3) with CCM from HS-5 cells exhibiting GPC-1 loss increased prostate cancer cell aggressiveness. Finally, GPC-1 was expressed in mouse tibia bone cells and present during bone loss induced by mouse prostate cancer cells in a murine prostate cancer bone model. These data demonstrate that GPC-1 partially regulates the intrinsic and extrinsic phenotype of human BSCs and transformation into activated fibroblasts, identify novel functions of GPC-1, and suggest that GPC-1 expression in BSCs exerts inhibitory paracrine effects on the prostate cancer cells. This supports the hypothesis that GPC-1 may be a novel pharmacological target for developing anti-CAF therapeutics to control cancer.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document