scholarly journals Smart Nanofluidic Systems: Engineering Smart Nanofluidic Systems for Artificial Ion Channels and Ion Pumps: From Single‐Pore to Multichannel Membranes (Adv. Mater. 4/2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 2070026
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Huang ◽  
Yongchao Qian ◽  
Weipeng Chen ◽  
Liping Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Ion Pumps

Engineering Smart Nanofluidic Systems for Artificial Ion Channels and Ion Pumps: From Single‐Pore to Multichannel Membranes

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1904351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Huang ◽  
Yongchao Qian ◽  
Weipeng Chen ◽  
Liping Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Pumps

Charge transport of ion pumps on lipid bilayer membranes

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bamberg ◽  
H.-J. Butt ◽  
A. Eisenrauch ◽  
K. Fendler
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ion Pumps ◽  
Lipid Bilayer Membranes ◽  
Bilayer Membranes ◽  
Ion Gradients ◽  
Cotransport Systems

Ion pumps create ion gradients across cell membranes while consuming light energy or chemical energy. The ion gradients are used by the corresponding cell types for passive-ion transport via ion channels or carriers or for accumulation of nutrients like sugar or amino acids via cotransport systems or antiporters.

scholarly journals Applications of Biologically Inspired Membranes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Freeman ◽  
Lisa Mauck Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Bulk Deformation ◽  
Ion Pumps ◽  
Variable Stimulus ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Plant Kingdom ◽  
Pharmaceutical Applications ◽  
Transport Fluid

The focus of this paper is projection of the performance of nastic actuators under conditions of variable stimulus with particular emphasis on pharmaceutical applications. The nastic actuator concept considered here employs controlled transport of charge and fluid across a selectively permeable membrane to achieve bulk deformation, similar to nastic movements in the plant kingdom. These membranes may utilize biological ion pumps, ion channels, and/or ion exchangers to transport fluid and ions and thereby expand/contract a phase separated inclusion. Studies to date have focused pH gradients or the spontaneous introduction of ATP chemical energy as the triggers for actuator response. In this effort the physics of the nastic actuator response under variable stimulus is considered. In addition, the possibility of controlled bursting of the nastic inclusions for vaccine delivery is explored.

scholarly journals The Diversity of Light-Driven Ion Pumps and their Conversion into Ion Channels

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 630a
Author(s):  
Arend Vogt ◽  
Christiane Grimm ◽  
Peter Hegemann
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Ion Pumps

Coupled Transport/Hyperelastic Model for High Nastic Materials

Aerospace ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Homison ◽  
Lisa Mauck Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ion Pumps ◽  
Coupled Transport ◽  
Biological Transport ◽  
Ion Exchangers ◽  
Permeable Membrane

Work is underway to develop high energy density active materials based upon biological processes. These materials utilize the controlled transport of charge and fluid across a selectively-permeable membrane to achieve bulk deformation in a process referred to in the plant kingdom as nastic movements. The nastic material being developed consists of synthetic membranes containing biological ion pumps, ion channels, and ion exchangers surrounding fluid-filled cavities embedded within a polymer matrix. In this paper the formulation of a biological transport model and its coupling with a hyperelastic finite element model of the polymer matrix is discussed. The transport model includes contributions from ion pumps, ion exchangers, solvent flux, and ion channels. This work will form the basis for a feedback loop in material synthesis efforts. The goal of these studies is to determine the relative importance of the various parameters associated with both the polymer matrix and the biological transport components.

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