scholarly journals Endothelial Cells: Mechanical Adaptability of the MMP-Responsive Film Improves the Functionality of Endothelial Cell Monolayer (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 14/2017)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Hu ◽  
Hao Chang ◽  
He Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Wen-xi Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer

Arthrospira platensis accelerates the formation of an endothelial cell monolayer and protects against endothelial cell detachment after bacterial contamination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. Krüger-Genge ◽  
S. Steinbrecht ◽  
C.G.H. Jung ◽  
Sophia Westphal ◽  
Stefanie Klöpzig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Bacterial Toxin ◽  
Cell Detachment ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Within the last years a comprehensive number of scientific studies demonstrated beneficial effect of Arthropira platensis (AP) as dietary supplement due to a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Positive effects like promoting the immune system, reducing inflammation and an anti-oxidant capacity are reported. In this study, the effect of an aqueous AP extract on primary human venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) was investigated. In addition, the effect of AP on HUVEC treated with a bacterial toxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPA), inducing an activation of HUVEC and cellular detachment, was analyzed. Depending on the concentration of AP extract a significantly accelerated formation of an endothelial cell monolayer was observed. Furthermore, the detachment of HUVEC after LPA addition was dramatically reduced by AP. In conclusion, the data are promising and indicatory for an application of Arthrospira platensis in the clinical field.

scholarly journals Balance of Mechanical Forces Drives Endothelial Gap Formation and May Facilitate Cancer and Immune-Cell Extravasation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Escribano ◽  
Michelle B. Chen ◽  
Emad Moeendarbary ◽  
Xuan Cao ◽  
Vivek Shenoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Tumor Metastasis ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Mechanical Forces ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer ◽  
Gap Formation ◽  
Dynamic Nature

AbstractThe formation of gaps in the endothelium is a crucial process underlying both cancer and immune cell extravasation, contributing to the functioning of the immune system during infection, the unfavorable development of chronic inflammation and tumor metastasis. Here, we present a stochastic-mechanical multiscale model of an endothelial cell monolayer and show that the dynamic nature of the endothelium leads to spontaneous gap formation, even without intervention from the transmigrating cells. These gaps preferentially appear at the vertices between three endothelial cells, as opposed to the border between two cells. We quantify the frequency and lifetime of these gaps, and validate our predictions experimentally. Interestingly, we find experimentally that cancer cells also preferentially extravasate at vertices, even when they first arrest on borders. This suggests that extravasating cells, rather than initially signaling to the endothelium, might exploit the autonomously forming gaps in the endothelium to initiate transmigration.

Assessment of Protein C Anticoagulant Pathway by Thrombin Generation Assay in the Presence of Endothelial Cells

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3394-3394
Author(s):  
Enriqueta Coll ◽  
Liza Robles-Carrillo ◽  
Eduardo Reyes ◽  
John L Francis ◽  
Ali Amirkhosravi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer ◽  
Thrombin Generation Assay ◽  
Microtiter Plates

Abstract Abstract 3394 The generation of thrombin is the pivotal event in the process of blood coagulation. In vivo, thrombin generation is regulated by cooperation between the vascular endothelium and the pro- and anti-coagulant systems in blood, such as the thrombin/endothelial cell-dependent activation of the protein C anticoagulant pathway that ultimately leads to inactivation of factors Va and VIIIa. In vitro, thrombin generation is assessed most commonly in platelet-poor plasma by a fluorogenic substrate-based thrombin generation assay (TGA) in microtiter plates. While this assay can accurately measure the kinetics of thrombin generation in plasma (including Lag time [LT], Peak thrombin [PT], and endogenous thrombin potential [ETP]), it does not assess the influence of the endothelial cell-dependent protein C pathway on thrombin generation. As a result, the assay has limited value in the assessment of the hypercoagulable patient. In the present study we introduced a surrogate endothelium to the TGA, thus including activated protein C-induced inactivation of factors Va and VIIIa in the assay system. Wells of flat-bottomed microtiter plates were coated with 3 × 104quiescent EA.hy926 endothelial-like cells which consistently express thrombomodulin (TM) as well as the endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). The concentration of active TM associated with EA.hy926 in the assay well was determined by a chromogenic assay and found to be ∼0.5 nM. Tissue factor (TF)-initiated thrombin generation was evaluated in normal pooled plasma (NP), and in protein C-deficient (PCd), protein S-deficient (PSd), and heterozygous factor V Leiden (fVL) plasmas, in the presence or absence of endothelial cells. Thrombin generation in NP was reduced in the presence of endothelial cells as evidenced by a 55% reduction in PT, and a 40% reduction in ETP. LT was prolonged by 83% in the presence of endothelial cells. However, in PCd, PSd and fVL plasmas, endothelial-induced suppression of thrombin generation was blunted. Specifically, only relatively small reductions were observed in PT (26% in PCd, 28% in PSd, 20% in fVL) and ETP (12% in PCd, 6% in PSd, and 14% in fVL). Furthermore, only in the presence of endothelial cells, addition of protein C to PCd plasma dose-dependently reversed the effect of protein C deficiency on PT and ETP. In separate experiments in the absence of endothelial cells, we noted that while similar results were obtained in the presence of the soluble form of thrombomodulin, the concentration required (30 nM) was 60 times higher than that expressed on the endothelial cell monolayer. This suggests that protein C activation occurs more efficiently in the presence of EA.hy926 cells. In summary, by introducing an endothelial cell monolayer to the TGA, and measuring thrombin generation kinetics in the presence or absence of these cells, we have adapted the assay to assess the contribution of the protein C anticoagulant system to thrombin generation in a physiologically relevant manner. This novel approach not only enables the functions of the endothelial-dependent PC pathway by expressing TM and EPCR, but also may provide other endothelial components relevant to thrombin generation (such as tissue factor pathway inhibitor [TFPI]). This approach to thrombin generation assessment may therefore have both research and clinical applicability. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Effect of Shear Stress on Platelet Adhesion to Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene, a Silicone Sheet, and an Endothelial Cell Monolayer

ASAIO Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuko Sakai Furukawa ◽  
Takashi Ushida ◽  
Hirohito Sugano ◽  
Tamotsu Tamaki ◽  
Norio Ohshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Endothelial Cell Monolayer ◽  
Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene ◽  
Silicone Sheet
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