scholarly journals Tissue Engineering at the Blood-Contacting Surface: A Review of Challenges and Strategies in Vascular Graft Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 1701461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Radke ◽  
Wenkai Jia ◽  
Dhavan Sharma ◽  
Kemin Fena ◽  
Guifang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Challenges And Strategies

scholarly journals Pericyte Seeded Dual Peptide Scaffold with Improved Endothelialization for Vascular Graft Tissue Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 3046-3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Campagnolo ◽  
Adam J. Gormley ◽  
Lesley W. Chow ◽  
Anne Géraldine Guex ◽  
Paresh A. Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Graft Tissue

Elastin-Sprayed Tubular Scaffolds With Microstructures and Nanotextures for Vascular Tissue Engineering

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinah Jang ◽  
Junghyuk Ko ◽  
Dong-Woo Cho ◽  
Martin B. G. Jun ◽  
Deok-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Fibrous Scaffold ◽  
Cardiovascular Tissue ◽  
Highly Porous

Development of a small-diameter vascular graft (<6 mm) have been challenging due to thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia [1]. To overcome this problem, cardiovascular tissue engineers have attempted to construct a highly porous and biocompatible fibrous scaffold providing a sufficient mechanical strength for the regeneration of a functional tissue [2–5]. Herein, we present a 3D tubular-shaped micro/nanofibrous composite-layered scaffold for vascular tissue engineering. The surface of scaffold has high surface roughness by introducing nanofibrous layer and the biophysical properties have been fulfilled by using microfibrous layer. Moreover, the atomized spraying technique is applied to spray elastin proteins, which is well known as an antithrombogenic material, on the surface of micro/nanofibrous composite-layered scaffold to introduce an appropriate antithrombogenic surface.

Preparation of Electrospun Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Poly(trimethylene carbonate) Blend Scaffold for In Situ Vascular Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 629 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Tao Jiang ◽  
Guo Quan Zhang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Ji Na Xun
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Trimethylene Carbonate ◽  
Scaffold Materials ◽  
Degradation Time

In the active field of vascular graft research, in situ vascular tissue engineering is a novel concept. This approach aims to use biodegradable synthetic materials. After implantation, the synthetic material progressively degrades and should be replaced by autologous cells. Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is often used for vascular graft because of its good mechanical strength and its biocompatibility. It is easily processed into micro and nano-fibers by electrospinning to form a porous, cell-friendly scaffold. However, the degradation time of polycaprolactone is too long to match the tissue regeneration time. In this study, poly (ε-caprolactone) /poly (trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) blend scaffold materials have been prepared for biodegradable vascular graft using an electrospinning process. Because the degradation time of PTMC is shorter than PCL in vivo. The morphological characters of PCL/PTMC blend scaffold materials were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The molecular components and some physical characteristics of the blend scaffold materials were tested by FT-IR and DSC analysis.

scholarly journals Applying elastic fibre biology in vascular tissue engineering

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1484) ◽  
pp. 1293-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cay M Kielty ◽  
Simon Stephan ◽  
Michael J Sherratt ◽  
Matthew Williamson ◽  
C. Adrian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Elastic Fibre ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Vessel Structure ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffolds

For the treatment of vascular disease, the major cause of death in Western society, there is an urgent need for tissue-engineered, biocompatible, small calibre artery substitutes that restore biological function. Vascular tissue engineering of such grafts involves the development of compliant synthetic or biomaterial scaffolds that incorporate vascular cells and extracellular matrix. Elastic fibres are major structural elements of arterial walls that can enhance vascular graft design and patency. In blood vessels, they endow vessels with the critical property of elastic recoil. They also influence vascular cell behaviour through direct interactions and by regulating growth factor activation. This review addresses physiological elastic fibre assembly and contributions to vessel structure and function, and how elastic fibre biology is now being exploited in small diameter vascular graft design.

Mechanical and Chemical Stimulation of Bone-Marrow Stem Cells in a Three-Dimensional Fibrin Matrix: Preliminary Results

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. LoSurdo ◽  
Douglas W. Chew ◽  
Alejandro Nieponice ◽  
David A. Vorp
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Immunological Rejection ◽  
Stimulation Of

The primary goal of tissue engineering is to develop a biological, mechanically-robust, and anti-thrombogenic vascular graft to replace diseased or damaged tissue and organs [1]. For example, researchers have incorporated smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into extracellular matrix to provide a living, functional conduits with the intended purpose of replacing SMC-containing tubes, such as the blood vessel, urethra, esophagus, intestine, etc. Although the preferred source is autologous cells to avoid immunological rejection, adult SMCs are difficult to obtain and expand. An alternative source of autologous cells could be bone marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs), which differentiate toward mesenchymal and hematopoietic lineages [2].

Near-Field Electrospinning and Characterization of Biodegradable Small Diameter Vascular Grafts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
William King, III ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Small Diameter Vascular Grafts

The ideal “off the shelf” tissue engineering, small-diameter (< 6 mm inner diameter (ID)) vascular graft hinges on designing a template that facilitates transmural ingrowth of capillaries to regenerate an endothelized neointimal surface. Previous traditionally electrospun (TES) approaches to create bioresorbable vascular grafts lack the pore sizes required to facilitate transmural capillary ingrowth required for successful in situ neovascular regeneration. Therefore, the ability to create scaffolds with program-specific architectures independent of fiber diameter via the relatively recent sub-technique of near-field electrospinning (NFES) represents a promising solution to create tissue engineering vascular grafts. These programmed large pore sizes are anticipated to promote in situ regeneration and improve the outcomes as well as the quality of life of patients with arterial disease. In this dissertation, we manufactured via NFES as well as characterized biodegradable polydioxanone (PDO) small-diameter vascular grafts. Chapter 1 introduces the need for off-the-shelf, small-diameter vascular grafts to facilitate in situ regeneration, the process and pore size limitations of TES vascular grafts, and the promising use of NFES to develop precisely tailored PDO vascular grafts. Chapter 2 describes the process of NFES and details the current progress in NFES of biomedical polymers as well as the major limitations that exist in the field. Chapters 3, 4, and 5 contain primary research exploring the creation of an NFES vascular graft scaffold and characterizing the mechanical as well as biological response of these scaffolds. Specifically, in Chapter 3 we demonstrate a NFES apparatus designed around a commercial 3D printer to write PDO microfibers. The processing parameters of air gap, polymer concentration, translational velocity, needle gauge, and applied voltage were characterized for their effects on PDO fiber diameter. The processing parameters of polymer concentration and translational fiber deposition velocity were further characterized for their effects on fiber crystallinity and individual fiber uniformity. The precision of fiber stacking via a 3D printer was qualitatively evaluated to inform the creation of 3D scaffolds to guide the alignment of human gingival fibroblasts. It was found that fiber diameters correlate positively with polymer concentration, applied voltage, and needle gauge and inversely correlate with translational velocity and air gap distance. Individual fiber diameter variability decreases, and crystallinity increases with increasing translational fiber deposition velocity. These data resulted in the creation of tailored PDO 3D scaffolds which guided the alignment of primary human fibroblast cells. Together, these results suggest that NFES of PDO can be scaled to create precise geometries with tailored fiber diameters for vascular graft scaffolds. In Chapter 4, we demonstrated a NFES device to semi-stably write PDO microfibers. The polymer spinneret was programmed to translate in a stacking grid pattern, which resulted in a scaffold with highly aligned grid fibers that were intercalated with low density, random fibers. As a consequence of this random switching process, increasing the grid dimensions resulted in both a lower density of fibers in the center of each grid in the scaffold as well as a lower density of “rebar-like” stacked fibers per unit area. These hybrid architecture scaffolds resulted in tailorable as well as greater surface pore sizes as given by scanning electron micrographs and effective object permeability as indicated by fluorescent microsphere filtration compared to TES scaffolds of the same fiber diameter. Furthermore, these programmable scaffolds resulted in tailorability in the characterized mechanical properties ultimate tensile strength, percent elongation, yield stress, yield elongation, and Young’s modulus independent of fiber diameter compared to the static TES scaffold characterization. Lastly, the innate immune response of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was further attenuated on NFES scaffolds compared to TES scaffolds. These results suggest that this novel NFES scaffold architecture of PDO can be highly tailored as a function of programming for small diameter vascular graft scaffolds. In Chapter 5, we created two types of NFES PDO architectures, as small-diameter vascular graft scaffolds. The first architecture type consisted of a 200 x 200 µm and 500 x 500 µm grid geometry with random fiber infill produced from one set of processing parameters, while the second architecture consisted of aligned fibers written in a 45°/45° and 20°/70° offset from the long axis, both on a 4 mm diameter cylindrical mandrel. These vascular graft scaffolds were characterized for their effective object transit pore size, mechanical properties, and platelet-material interactions compared to TES scaffolds and Gore-Tex® vascular grafts. It was found that effective pore size, given by 9.9 and 97 µm microsphere filtration through the scaffold wall for NFES grafts, was significantly more permeable compared to TES grafts and Gore-Tex® vascular grafts. Furthermore, the characterized mechanical properties of ultimate tensile strength, percent elongation, suture retention, burst pressure, and Young’s modulus were all tailorable for NFES grafts, independent of fiber diameter, compared to TES graft characterization. Lastly, platelet adhesion was attenuated on large pore size NFES grafts compared to the TES grafts which approximated the low level of platelet adhesion measured on Gore-Tex® grafts, with all grafts showing minimal platelet activation given by P-selectin surface expression. Together, these results suggest a highly tailorable process for the creation of the next generation of small-diameter vascular grafts. Lastly, Chapter 6 expounds future considerations for continuing research in NFES technology, NFES for general tissue engineering, and NFES for vascular tissue engineering as well as gives final conclusions. Together, the finding of this dissertation indicated that NFES vascular grafts result in seamless, small diameter tubular scaffolds with programmable pore sizes on the magnitude anticipated to facilitate transmural endothelialization as well as programmable mechanical properties that approximate native values. Thus, this work represents the next step in developing bioinstructive designed scaffolds to facilitate in situ vascular regeneration to improve the outcomes as well as the quality of life of patients with arterial vascular disease.

Production and hemocompatibility assessment of novel electrospun polyurethane nanofibers loaded with dietary virgin coconut oil for vascular graft applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravana Kumar Jaganathan ◽  
Mohan Prasath M ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail ◽  
Manikandan A ◽  
Gomathi N
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Suitable Alternative

To develop biodegradable polymer scaffolds suitable for vascular tissue engineering applications, the bioengineering community has invested an extensive effort. The most common cause for the failure of vascular graft scaffolds is thrombosis. In this work, the scaffold based on polyurethane and virgin coconut oil was produced by electrospinning process for vascular tissue engineering applications with improved antithrombogenicity. The diameter of this electrospun polyurethane/virgin coconut oil composite was found to be reduced in the range of 886 ± 207 nm compared to pristine polyurethane which was in the range of 969 ± 217 nm. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed the interaction between polyurethane and virgin coconut oil as indicated by phase shifting of CH bond along with the formation of hydrogen bond. The contact angle measurement of fabricated composites was found to be increased owing to hydrophobic nature and also exhibited enhanced thermal stability as noted in thermogravimetric analysis. The atomic force microscopy analysis insinuated the increased surface roughness of the composite in comparison with the pure polyurethane. Developed scaffold resulted in delayed blood clotting as revealed by activated partial thromboplastin time and partial thromboplastin time assay. The hemolytic index of fabricated composites was found to be low indicating the enhanced safety of red blood cells. Hence, the newly developed nanofibrous composite scaffold could open the door for a suitable alternative for vascular graft applications.

Bacterial Cellulose: A Potential Vascular Graft and Tissue Engineering Scaffold

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houman Zahedmanesh ◽  
Paul Gatenholm ◽  
Caitríona Lally
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Intimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Daunting Challenge ◽  
Synthetic Grafts

Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the adult population and treatment of many of the patients struggling with such diseases requires surgical interventions involving replacement of diseased arteries. Although currently it is possible to replace large arteries with synthetic grafts made of materials such as polyester and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) [1], these materials may not be used as small size grafts given their thrombogenicity and propensity for intimal hyperplasia [2]. As a result, development of suitable grafts as a substitute for small size arteries (< 6mm in diameter) such as the coronary arteries remains a daunting challenge.

Vascular Tissue Regeneration of the Hybrid ePTFE Graft for Adult Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
In Sup Noh
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Vascular Graft ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Vascular Tissue Engineering ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Eptfe Graft

Vascular Tissue engineering has drawn high interest due to its high demand in its vascular graft applications. We tissue-engineered a hybrid vascular graft consisting of tissues layers and non-biodegradable ePTFE by in vitro cell culture. Tissue formation was obtained by culturing vascular smooth muscle cells on the biodegradable polylactide scaffolds on the ePTFE surfaces. The fabricated hybrid ePTFE graft consisted of three layers, i.e. two biodegradable polylactide layers and a non-biodegradable ePTFE layer. The biodegradable layer was fabricated to have a porous structure with 30-60 µm pore sizes. Connection of biodegradable layers and ePTFE was obtained by filtering the polylactide solution through the porous ePTFE wall. For a better tissue formation coating of gelatin was performed on the luminal polylactide scaffolds. The generated tissues replaced the biodegradable layers on both inside and outside surfaces of the ePTFE.

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