Critical Current Density in Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries: Mechanism, Influences, and Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 2009925
Author(s):  
Yang Lu ◽  
Chen‐Zi Zhao ◽  
Hong Yuan ◽  
Xin‐Bing Cheng ◽  
Jia‐Qi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Lithium Metal Batteries

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatments under High Isostatic Pressure on the Transport Critical Current Density at 4.2 K and 20 K in Doped and Undoped MgB2 Wires

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5152
Author(s):  
Daniel Gajda ◽  
Andrzej J. Zaleski ◽  
Andrzej J. Morawski ◽  
Malgorzata Małecka ◽  
Konstantin Nenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Transport Critical Current Density ◽  
Mgb2 Wires

Annealing undoped MgB2 wires under high isostatic pressure (HIP) increases transport critical current density (Jtc) by 10% at 4.2 K in range magnetic fields from 4 T to 12 T and significantly increases Jtc by 25% in range magnetic fields from 2 T to 4 T and does not increase Jtc above 4 T at 20 K. Further research shows that a large amount of 10% SiC admixture and thermal treatment under a high isostatic pressure of 1 GPa significantly increases the Jtc by 40% at 4.2 K in magnetic fields above 6 T and reduces Jtc by one order at 20 K in MgB2 wires. Additionally, our research showed that heat treatment under high isostatic pressure is more evident in wires with smaller diameters, as it greatly increases the density of MgB2 material and the number of connections between grains compared to MgB2 wires with larger diameters, but only during the Mg solid-state reaction. In addition, our study indicates that smaller wire diameters and high isostatic pressure do not lead to a higher density of MgB2 material and more connections between grains during the liquid-state Mg reaction.

EFFECTS OF Gd DOPING IN YBa2Cu3O7-delta ON THE CRITICAL CURRENT DENSITY

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (18n19) ◽  
pp. 3216-3219 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. XU ◽  
X. S. WU ◽  
G. B. MA ◽  
M. LIU
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Rietveld Refinements ◽  
Resistivity Measurements

Gd is successfully embedded into YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ by the solid state reaction. Rietveld refinements show that Gd replaces Cu in the unit cell. By magnetization and resistivity measurements, the effects of Gd -doping in YBCO on the critical current density J c and the critical temperature T c in YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ( YBCO ) have been investigated. J c varies with the applied field and the content of Gd and has a maximum at x = 0.03. The characteristic behavior of J c with varying the Gd content can be explained in terms of the competition between two different effects caused by Gd -doping in YBCO: the inhomogeneity of grains distribution in nano-scale and the variation of superconductivity.

scholarly journals Influence of Carbon Content on Superconductivity of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Deawha Soh ◽  
Zhanguo Fan ◽  
N. Korobova
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Shs Method

<p>Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>X</sub> was prepared by the conventional method of solid state reaction and SHS method. The samples were annealed in different atmosphere in order to examine the influence of atmospheres on the carbon contents in the Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>X</sub> compound. The lowest carbon content in Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>X</sub> could be attended when the sample was annealed in O<sub>2</sub> at 800 °C for 100 hours. The CO<sub>2</sub> in air pollute the samples and increase the carbon content in the sintering process. The critical current density of the Bi<sub>2</sub>Sr<sub>2</sub>CaCu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>X</sub> samples will decrease with the increasing carbon contents in the samples. The impurity carbon will deposit in the grain boundary, which makes critical current density lower.</p>

scholarly journals Critical Current Density Limitation of LLZO Solid Electrolyte: Microstructure versus Interface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thibaut Dussart ◽  
Nicolas Rividi ◽  
Michel Fialin ◽  
gwenaelle toussaint ◽  
Philippe Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) solid electrolyte is a promising candidate for all-solid-state lithium battery (ASSB) due to its high ionic conductivity and stability against lithium metal. Dense LLZO pellets were prepared by high-temperature sintering and a Li3BO3 melting agent was used to control the microstructure (grain size and grain boundary chemistry). An ionic conductivity of 0.49 mS.cm-1 was measured at room temperature. The LLZO/Li interface was modified by introducing an aluminum layer. The impact of the microstructure of LLZO ceramics and the chemistry of the LLZO/Li interface were discussed by measuring the critical current density (CCD). Even though secondary phases at the grain boundary lead to an increase of the electronic conductivity, no significant influence of the microstructure on the CCD value (50 micronA.cm-2) has been established. The low CCD value has been improved by forming an Al-Li alloy interlayer at the LLZO/Li interface, due to a better homogenization of the Li current at the interface. In parallel, the applied pressure (0.09 MPa vs. 0.4 MPa) has been studied and did impact the CCD. A value of 0.35 micronA.cm-2 was measured. These results highlight the conditions needed for keeping a good electrolyte/Li interface during the cycling of a solid state battery.

scholarly journals Fluorinated solid electrolyte interphase enables highly reversible solid-state Li metal battery

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. eaau9245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulin Fan ◽  
Xiao Ji ◽  
Fudong Han ◽  
Jie Yue ◽  
Ji Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Stability ◽  
Side Reactions

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) are receiving great interest because their high mechanical strength and transference number could potentially suppress Li dendrites and their high electrochemical stability allows the use of high-voltage cathodes, which enhances the energy density and safety of batteries. However, the much lower critical current density and easier Li dendrite propagation in SSEs than in nonaqueous liquid electrolytes hindered their possible applications. Herein, we successfully suppressed Li dendrite growth in SSEs by in situ forming an LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) between the SSEs and the Li metal. The LiF-rich SEI successfully suppresses the penetration of Li dendrites into SSEs, while the low electronic conductivity and the intrinsic electrochemical stability of LiF block side reactions between the SSEs and Li. The LiF-rich SEI enhances the room temperature critical current density of Li3PS4to a record-high value of >2 mA cm−2. Moreover, the Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency was escalated from 88% of pristine Li3PS4to more than 98% for LiF-coated Li3PS4. In situ formation of electronic insulating LiF-rich SEI provides an effective way to prevent Li dendrites in the SSEs, constituting a substantial leap toward the practical applications of next-generation high-energy solid-state Li metal batteries.

Properties of Ag Doped Bi-Superconductors Prepared by Solid State and Sol-Gel Methods

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Dagmar Sýkorová ◽  
Olga Smrčková ◽  
Petr Vašek
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Lower Porosity

Superconductive ceramics with nominal composition Bi3.2Pb0.8Sr4Ca5Cu7Ox were prepared by solid state synthesis with 10 wt% of nanopowdered silver and were compared with those prepared by sol-gel method. The "in situ" polymerization route with citric acid and ethylene glycol was used to enhance homogeneity of the reaction mixture. The quality of samples was characterized by X-ray analysis, scanning electronic microscopy and the measurement of porosity. The superconducting properties were investigated by the measurement of the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility and by current voltage characteristic. All samples have critical temperatures in the range from 109 to112 K. Addition of silver always increases the volume of Bi-2223 phase and critical current density of the samples. Sol-gel samples reveal lower porosity, higher bulk density and better connectivity of the grains, resulting in the further enhancement of critical current density.

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