scholarly journals Controlled Nanopatterning of a Polymerized Ionic Liquid in a Strong Electric Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Bocharova ◽  
Alexander L. Agapov ◽  
Alexander Tselev ◽  
Liam Collins ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Polymerized Ionic Liquid

scholarly journals Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Benzene and Toluene over Novel Hybrid PIL@TiO2/m-GO Composites

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayeste Shajari ◽  
Elaheh Kowsari ◽  
Naemeh Seifvand ◽  
Farshad Boorboor Ajdari ◽  
Amutha Chinnappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Toluene Degradation ◽  
Pollutant Degradation ◽  
Polymerized Ionic Liquid ◽  
Photodegradation Rate ◽  
Microstructural Morphology ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Gaseous Benzene

In this work, the PIL (poly ionic liquid)@TiO2 composite was designed with two polymerized ionic liquid concentrations (low and high) and evaluated for pollutant degradation activity for benzene and toluene. The results showed that PIL (low)@TiO2 composite was more active than PIL (high)@TiO2 composites. The photodegradation rate of benzene and toluene pollutants by PIL (low)@TiO2 and PIL (high)@TiO2 composites was obtained as 86% and 74%, and 59% and 46%, respectively, under optimized conditions. The bandgap of TiO2 was markedly lowered (3.2 eV to 2.2 eV) due to the formation of PIL (low)@TiO2 composite. Besides, graphene oxide (GO) was used to grow the nano-photocatalysts’ specific surface area. The as-synthesized PIL (low)@TiO2@GO composite showed higher efficiency for benzene and toluene degradation which corresponds to 91% and 83%, respectively. The resultant novel hybrid photocatalyst (PIL@TiO2/m-GO) was prepared and appropriately characterized for their microstructural, morphology, and catalytic properties. Among the studied photocatalysts, the PIL (low)@TiO2@m-GO composite exhibits the highest activity in the degradation of benzene (97%) and toluene (97%). The ultimate bandgap of the composite reached 2.1 eV. Our results showed that the as-prepared composites hold an essential role for future considerations over organic pollutants.

scholarly journals Axion assisted Schwinger effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Domcke ◽  
Yohei Ema ◽  
Kyohei Mukaida
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Background Field ◽  
Chiral Anomaly ◽  
Fermion Mass ◽  
Anomaly Equation ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
Schwinger Effect ◽  
Momentum Transverse

Abstract We point out an enhancement of the pair production rate of charged fermions in a strong electric field in the presence of time dependent classical axion-like background field, which we call axion assisted Schwinger effect. While the standard Schwinger production rate is proportional to $$ \exp \left(-\pi \left({m}^2+{p}_T^2\right)/E\right) $$ exp − π m 2 + p T 2 / E , with m and pT denoting the fermion mass and its momentum transverse to the electric field E, the axion assisted Schwinger effect can be enhanced at large momenta to exp(−πm2/E). The origin of this enhancement is a coupling between the fermion spin and its momentum, induced by the axion velocity. As a non-trivial validation of our result, we show its invariance under field redefinitions associated with a chiral rotation and successfully reproduce the chiral anomaly equation in the presence of helical electric and magnetic fields. We comment on implications of this result for axion cosmology, focussing on axion inflation and axion dark matter detection.

Modular polymerized ionic liquid block copolymer membranes for CO2/N2 separation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 7967-7972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Adzima ◽  
Surendar R. Venna ◽  
Steven S. Klara ◽  
Hongkun He ◽  
Mingjiang Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Polymerized Ionic Liquid ◽  
Copolymer Poly ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid

A robust and orthogonal approach to access modular block-copolymer poly(ionic liquid)s.

Observation of the Avalanche of Runaway Electrons in Air in a Strong Electric Field

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Gurevich ◽  
G. A. Mesyats ◽  
K. P. Zybin ◽  
M. I. Yalandin ◽  
A. G. Reutova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Runaway Electrons

Electric-Field Induced Formation of Superconducting Granular Balls

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (17n18) ◽  
pp. 2529-2535
Author(s):  
R. Tao ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
Y. C. Lan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Applied Electric Field ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Cooper Pairs ◽  
Surface Charges

When a strong electric field is applied to a suspension of micron-sized high T c superconducting particles in liquid nitrogen, the particles quickly aggregate together to form millimeter-size balls. The balls are sturdy, surviving constant heavy collisions with the electrodes, while they hold over 106 particles each. The phenomenon is a result of interaction between Cooper pairs and the strong electric field. The strong electric field induces surface charges on the particle surface. When the applied electric field is strong enough, Cooper pairs near the surface are depleted, leading to a positive surface energy. The minimization of this surface energy leads to the aggregation of particles to form balls.

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