Lessons from Nature for the Construction of Ceramic Cellular Materials for Superior Energy Absorption

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1042-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Presser ◽  
Stefanie Schultheiß ◽  
Christian Kohler ◽  
Christoph Berthold ◽  
Klaus G. Nickel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cellular Materials

scholarly journals Novel cellular materials for energy absorption applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mudassir ◽  
Mahmoud Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Senior Project ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
To Come ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Cellular materials such as metal foams are porous, lightweight structures that exhibit good energy absorption properties. They have been used for many years in various applications including energy absorption. Traditional cellular structures do not have consistent pore sizes and their behaviors and properties such as failure mechanisms and energy absorption are not always same even within the same batch. This is a major obstacle for their applications in critical areas where consistency is required. With the popularity of additive manufacturing, new interest has garnered around fabricating metal foams using this technology. It is necessary to study the possibility of designing cellular structures with additive manufacturing and their energy absorbing behavior before any sort of commercialization for critical applications is contemplated. The primary hypothesis of this senior project is to prove that energy absorbing cellular materials can be designed. Designing in this context is much like how a car can be designed to carry a certain number of passengers. To prove this hypothesis, the paper shows that the geometry is a key factor that affects energy absorption and that is possible to design the geometry in order to obtain certain behaviors and properties as desired. Much like designing a car, it requires technical expertise, ingenuity, experience and learning curve for designing cellular structures. It is simple to come with a design, but not so much when the design in constrained by stringent requirements for energy absorption and failure behaviors. The scope was limited to the study of metal foams such as the ones made from aluminum and titanium. The primary interest has been academic rather than finding ways to commercialize it. The study has been carried out using simulation and experimental verification has been suggested for future work. Nevertheless, the numerical or simulation results show that energy absorbing cellular structures can be designed that exhibit good energy absorption comparable to traditional metal foams but perhaps with better consistency and failure behaviors. The specific energy absorption was found to be 18 kJ/kg for aluminum metal foams and 23 kJ/kg for titanium metal foams. The average crushing force has been observed to be around 70 kN for aluminum and around 190 kN for titanium. These values are within the acceptable range for most traditional metal foams under similar conditions as simulated in this paper.

Topology-optimized bulk metallic glass cellular materials for energy absorption

2022 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 114361
Author(s):  
Josephine V. Carstensen ◽  
Reza Lotfi ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Stefan Szyniszewski ◽  
Stavros Gaitanaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Glass ◽  
Bulk Metallic Glass ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cellular Materials

Topology Optimization of Cellular Materials With Maximized Energy Absorption

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine V. Carstensen ◽  
Reza Lotfi ◽  
James K. Guest ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Jan Schroers
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Mathematical Programming ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Optimization Formulation ◽  
Level Scale

While topology optimization is typically employed for design at the component-level scale, it is increasingly being used to design the topology of high performance cellular materials. The design problem is posed as an optimization problem with governing unit cell and upscaling mechanics embedded in the formulation, and solved with formal mathematical programming. While design for linear elastic properties is generally well-established, this paper will discuss including nonlinear mechanics in the topology optimization formulation, also in the domain of cellular materials. In particular, the problem of maximizing total energy absorption of a cellular Bulk Metallic Glass material is considered and numerical and experimental analyses of the new design show that it has enhanced performance compared to conventional cellular topologies.

scholarly journals Octet-truss cellular materials for improved mechanical properties and specific energy absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 107773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Song ◽  
Wenzhao Zhou ◽  
Yuejiao Wang ◽  
Rong Fan ◽  
Yinchu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Specific Energy Absorption ◽  
Octet Truss

Applications of Cellular Materials – An Overview

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Prabhu ◽  
V.K. Bupesh Raja ◽  
Rajan Nikhil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
New Material ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Application Specific ◽  
Real Challenge

The research in material science had led to the discovery of new materials; but the real challenge lies in finding suitable application for those materials to be used in various engineering fields. Finding application for a new material is very difficult. Cellular materials have the most promising applications and proved to be satisfactory for its applicability due to their high stiffness-to-weight ratio, better crash energy absorption, fire resistance, non-toxicity, low thermal conductivity, magnetic permeability and lower density. Along with drastic weight reduction and material savings in the case of cellular structures, there are other application-specific benefits like noise and energy absorption, mechanical damping and filtration effects. Various materials exist where weight reduction is the only parameter to be considered but if low weight combined with good energy absorption characteristics or heat resistance is required, then metal foams could be preferred. Possible applications are seen in areas like light weight construction, crash energy absorption, noise control, transport industry, building industry, heat exchangers, purifiers, decoration and arts, etc,. The use of foams can satisfy the demand for light-weighing parts of several branches of industry.

On the Energy Absorption of Combined Foam-Honeycomb Layered Structures

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Karagiozova ◽  
Marcilio Alves
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Dynamic Compaction ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Foam Material ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Structural Hardening

Analytical and numerical analyses are carried in order to reveal the importance of the topology of the cellular materials for their dynamic compaction. The aim is to distinguish between the deformation mechanisms and energy absorption of materials, which exhibit structural softening, such as out-of-plane loaded honeycomb, and structural hardening (foam). It is shown that the dynamic compaction of honeycombs does not obey the law of shock wave propagation and a new phenomenological model of the velocity attenuation in out-of plane loaded honeycomb is proposed. Comparisons with some currently available theoretical models of the dynamic compaction of cellular materials are discussed when paying attention to the effect of the material homogenization of the honeycomb on their response to impact loading. A numerical analysis of a bi-layer cellular structure comprising layers with dissimilar constitutive properties is carried out to reveal the possibility for the peak load reduction in cellular structures when subjected to impact loading. In the reported examples, a foam material (Alporas with density of 245 kg/m3) and hexagonal honeycomb made of aluminium alloy AA5056 and having densities of 60.46 kg/m3 and 96 kg/m3 are used.

Design and evaluation of 3D printed polymeric cellular materials for dynamic energy absorption

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 2347-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatah Habib ◽  
Pio Iovenitti ◽  
Syed Masood ◽  
Mostafa Nikzad ◽  
Dong Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals On the Compressive Response of Polymeric Cellular Materials

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Del Rosso ◽  
Lorenzo Iannucci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Polymeric Foams ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Fe Method ◽  
Material Parameter Identification

This paper presents a series of compression tests performed on a variety of high performance lightweight cellular materials conventionally used in energy absorption applications. Compressive tests were performed over a range of strain rates with a universal testing machine and a single stage gas gun. Experimental results revealed a dependency of the mechanical properties on the polymeric precursor, density, infill topology and strain rates. The dynamic strength of the investigated materials was determined through a material parameter identification study via the finite element (FE) method. Numerical results matched well with the experimental results and revealed a substantial enhancement in the compressive strength of the tested material from quasi-static to dynamic loading regimes by as much as 87%. The strength of 3D printed polymers was superior with respect to the tested polymeric foams. On the other hand, polymeric foams showed higher efficiency and energy absorption ability.

scholarly journals Novel Cellular Materials for Energy Absorption Applications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mudassir ◽  
Mahmoud Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Cellular Materials ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Senior Project ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
To Come ◽  
Energy Absorbing

Cellular materials such as metal foams are porous, lightweight structures that exhibit good energy absorption properties. They have been used for many years in various applications including energy absorption. Traditional cellular structures do not have consistent pore sizes and their behaviors and properties such as failure mechanisms and energy absorption are not always same even within the same batch. This is a major obstacle for their applications in critical areas where consistency is required. With the popularity of additive manufacturing, new interest has garnered around fabricating metal foams using this technology. It is necessary to study the possibility of designing cellular structures with additive manufacturing and their energy absorbing behavior before any sort of commercialization for critical applications is contemplated. The primary hypothesis of this senior project is to prove that energy absorbing cellular materials can be designed. Designing in this context is much like how a car can be designed to carry a certain number of passengers. To prove this hypothesis, the paper shows that the geometry is a key factor that affects energy absorption and that is possible to design the geometry in order to obtain certain behaviors and properties as desired. Much like designing a car, it requires technical expertise, ingenuity, experience and learning curve for designing cellular structures. It is simple to come with a design, but not so much when the design in constrained by stringent requirements for energy absorption and failure behaviors. The scope was limited to the study of metal foams such as the ones made from aluminum and titanium. The primary interest has been academic rather than finding ways to commercialize it. The study has been carried out using simulation and experimental verification has been suggested for future work. Nevertheless, the numerical or simulation results show that energy absorbing cellular structures can be designed that exhibit good energy absorption comparable to traditional metal foams but perhaps with better consistency and failure behaviors. The specific energy absorption was found to be 18 kJ/kg for aluminum metal foams and 23 kJ/kg for titanium metal foams. The average crushing force has been observed to be around 70 kN for aluminum and around 190 kN for titanium. These values are within the acceptable range for most traditional metal foams under similar conditions as simulated in this paper.

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