Working memory and fluid intelligence predict reading comprehension in school‐age children: a one‐year longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Vernucci ◽  
Yesica Aydmune ◽  
María Laura Andrés ◽  
Débora Inés Burin ◽  
Lorena Canet‐Juric
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
One Year

Children's Speech Perception in Noise: Evidence for Dissociation From Language and Working Memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1294-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beula M. Magimairaj ◽  
Naveen K. Nagaraj ◽  
Natalie J. Benafield
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Attention Memory

Purpose We examined the association between speech perception in noise (SPIN), language abilities, and working memory (WM) capacity in school-age children. Existing studies supporting the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU) model suggest that WM capacity plays a significant role in adverse listening situations. Method Eighty-three children between the ages of 7 to 11 years participated. The sample represented a continuum of individual differences in attention, memory, and language abilities. All children had normal-range hearing and normal-range nonverbal IQ. Children completed the Bamford–Kowal–Bench Speech-in-Noise Test (BKB-SIN; Etymotic Research, 2005), a selective auditory attention task, and multiple measures of language and WM. Results Partial correlations (controlling for age) showed significant positive associations among attention, memory, and language measures. However, BKB-SIN did not correlate significantly with any of the other measures. Principal component analysis revealed a distinct WM factor and a distinct language factor. BKB-SIN loaded robustly as a distinct 3rd factor with minimal secondary loading from sentence recall and short-term memory. Nonverbal IQ loaded as a 4th factor. Conclusions Results did not support an association between SPIN and WM capacity in children. However, in this study, a single SPIN measure was used. Future studies using multiple SPIN measures are warranted. Evidence from the current study supports the use of BKB-SIN as clinical measure of speech perception ability because it was not influenced by variation in children's language and memory abilities. More large-scale studies in school-age children are needed to replicate the proposed role played by WM in adverse listening situations.

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