The prevalence of cognitive disengagement in automobile crashes

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 543-550
Author(s):  
Brian Wotring ◽  
Tom Dingus ◽  
Jon Atwood ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Julie McClafferty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Crashes

A Systematic Review on Airbag-Induced Burns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah P Erpenbeck ◽  
Eva Roy ◽  
Jenny A Ziembicki ◽  
Francesco M Egro
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Chemical Burns ◽  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ocular Burns

Abstract Airbags significantly reduce fatalities and injuries in automobile crashes, but they have been found to be associated with burns. Specifically, airbags can cause burns through thermal or chemical mechanisms and commonly affect the arms, hands, face, and eyes. While most airbag-induced burns are minor, some may cause unfavorable outcomes. Our study aimed to systematically review airbag-induced burns to assess etiology, type, and treatment of these injuries. A systematic review of case reports pertaining to airbag-induced cutaneous and ocular burns was conducted. Data reviewed included type/location of burns, severity of burn, total number of patients, treatment, complications, and outcome after treatment. We identified 21 case reports that met our inclusion criteria with a total of 24 patients reported in the studies. Of the studies identified, 38% were chemical burns and 25% were thermal burns. Most commonly the upper extremities were burned in 42% of cases, followed by eyes (25%) and face (21%). Most burns identified were superficial partial thickness (58%). Treatment outcomes were good for cutaneous burns, with 95% healing without complication. However, ocular injuries lead to permanent impaired eye function in 71% of cases. In our systematic review, we highlighted the common risk factors, prognosis, and treatment for thermal, chemical, and ocular burns. Airbag-induced burns have a relatively good prognosis but must be recognized and treated immediately to reduce the risk of serious sequelae.

Anthropometric Modelling of the Pregnant Occupant

Volume 2 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Serpil Acar ◽  
Alix M. Weekes ◽  
David van Lopik
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Initial Model ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Crash Protection ◽  
Safety Systems

A parametric anthropometric model of a pregnant woman has been produced for use in crash protection research. The model is based on anthropometric measurements of pregnant women, with the initial model representing a 5th percentile woman in her 30th week of gestation. The model has been developed to be easily scaleable so women of different sizes can be modeled and adapted to simulate any stage of pregnancy. Previous research has simply added an enlarged abdomen to existing females models. However the model presented describes a comprehensive depiction of the altered pregnant form by incoporating the anthropometry of the entire body. This paper presents the pregnant occupant model for use in evaluation of safety systems and vehicle interiors. This work is the first step toward a computational pregnant occupant for crash protection research, capable of simulating dynamic impact response and predicting injury risk in automobile crashes.

An expert system for risk assessment of automobile crashes

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4/5/6) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnan M. Ghadiali ◽  
Paul S. Ray ◽  
J.K. Lindly ◽  
R.G. Batson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Automobile Crashes

The Risk of Dying in Alcohol-Related Automobile Crashes among Habitual Drunk Drivers

1994 ◽  
Vol 331 (8) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Brewer ◽  
Peter D. Morris ◽  
Thomas B. Cole ◽  
Stephanie Watkins ◽  
Michael J. Patetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Drunk Drivers

scholarly journals Ocular Injuries in Automobile Crashes

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. HUELKE ◽  
J. OʼDAY ◽  
WENDY H. BARHYDT
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Crashes ◽  
Ocular Injuries
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