The Effect of Backloading Instructions on Eyewitness Identification from Simultaneous and Sequential Lineups

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1005-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt A. Carlson ◽  
Maria A. Carlson ◽  
Dawn R. Weatherford ◽  
Amanda Tucker ◽  
Jane Bednarz
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Sequential Lineups

Simultaneous lineups, sequential lineups, and showups: Eyewitness identification decisions of adults and children.

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. L. Lindsay ◽  
Joanna D. Pozzulo ◽  
Wendy Craig ◽  
Kang Lee ◽  
Samantha Corber
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Sequential Lineups ◽  
Simultaneous Lineups ◽  
Adults And Children

scholarly journals Eyewitness Identification and Distinctive Features: When Similarity Matters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal K. Mansour ◽  
Jennifer L Beaudry
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Sequential Lineups ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Simultaneous Lineups ◽  
Innocent Suspect ◽  
Mock Crime

In four experiments, we investigated theoretical and practical issues around eyewitness identification accuracy and confidence for tattooed suspects. We varied how tattoos were treated in lineups (Experiments 1 and 2) and the match between the suspect’s tattoo the perpetrator’s tattoo (Experiments 3 and 4). We replicated the finding that modifying lineup photographs to prevent a tattooed suspect from standing out mitigates the risk of innocent suspect identifications. We also demonstrated that sequential lineups (cf. simultaneous) do not mitigate the risk of biased lineups when the suspect stands out because of a tattoo. Contrary to previous research in which biased lineups did not impact correct identification rates differentially by lineup type, we found that biased lineups decreased correct identifications in sequential, but not simultaneous, lineups. Additionally, we found that the tattoo worn by an innocent suspect need not be identical to that of the perpetrator—similar placement and designs also inflate innocent suspect identifications, although a tattoo in a different location with a different design protected innocent suspects. Finally, our data indicate that when researching distinctive marks in lineups, researchers should request descriptions from the eyewitness-participants following the mock crime in order to determine whether the witness noticed the distinctive mark.

scholarly journals The Effects of Witness Viewpoint Distance, Angle, and Choice on Eyewitness Accuracy in Police Lineups Conducted in Immersive Virtual Environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy N. Bailenson ◽  
Alexandra Davies ◽  
Jim Blascovich ◽  
Andrew C. Beall ◽  
Cade McCall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Eyewitness Testimony ◽  
Sequential Lineups ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environments ◽  
Eyewitness Accuracy ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environment ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Improved Accuracy

The current study investigated the value of using immersive virtual environment technology as a tool for assessing eyewitness identification. Participants witnessed a staged crime and then examined sequential lineups within immersive virtual environments that contained 3D virtual busts of the suspect and six distractors. Participants either had unlimited viewpoints of the busts in terms of angle and distance, or a unitary view at only a single angle and distance. Furthermore, participants either were allowed to choose the angle and distance of the viewpoints they received, or were given viewpoints without choice. Results demonstrated that unlimited viewpoints improved accuracy in suspect-present lineups but not in suspect-absent lineups. Furthermore, across conditions, post-hoc measurements demonstrated that when the chosen view of the suspect during the lineup was similar to the view during the staged crime in terms of distance, accuracy improved. Finally, participants were more accurate in suspect-absent lineups than in suspect-present lineups. Implications of the findings in terms of theories of eyewitness testimony are discussed, as well as the value of using virtual lineups that elicit high levels of presence in the field. We conclude that digital avatars of higher fidelity may be necessary before actually implementing virtual lineups.

Eyewitness identification: What can a psychologist tell a jury?

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McCloskey ◽  
Howard E. Egeth
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification

Modeling Eyewitness Identification and Complex Decisions in Recognition Memory

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Clark ◽  
Jennifer L. Tunnicliff ◽  
Allison Abbe ◽  
Dominique Hysmith
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Eyewitness Identification
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