Ring trial of 2nd generation RT‐QuIC diagnostic tests for sporadic CJD

The transmissible spongiform encephalopathies include human diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and kuru as well as animal diseases such as scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). The emergence of variant CJD, which is causally related to BSE, has generated much interest in the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic tests for the pre-mortem diagnosis of CJD. In 1986 two proteins were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with sporadic CJD. These proteins were later demonstrated to be members of the 14-3-3 family, and tests for the detection of CSF 14-3-3 were developed. A number of studies have shown that the detection of CSF 14-3-3 is an accurate test for sporadic CJD, although the results with variant CJD are less promising.

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Clinical findings and diagnostic tests in the MV2 subtype of sporadic CJD

Brain ◽

10.1093/brain/awl123 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 129 (9) ◽

pp. 2288-2296 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

A. Krasnianski

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Sporadic Cjd

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Immunoquantitative PCR for Prion Protein Detection in Sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2005.050120 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (9) ◽

pp. 1605-1611 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Stéphanie Gofflot ◽

Manuel Deprez ◽

Benaïssa el Moualij ◽

Awad Osman ◽

Jean-François Thonnart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prion Protein ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Detection Threshold ◽

Protein Detection ◽

High Specificity ◽

Proteinase K ◽

Jakob Disease ◽

Sporadic Cjd ◽

Immunohistochemical Analyses

Abstract Background: The most common human prion disorder is Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD); it includes sporadic, familial, iatrogenic, and variant subtypes. Diagnostic tests aim at detection with the highest specificity of very small deposits of abnormal prion protein (PrP). Methods: We used immunoquantitative PCR (iqPCR) to detect proteinase K–resistant PrP (PrPRes) in tissue from the middle frontal gyrus of 7 patients with sporadic CJD and 7 non-CJD cases. We compared iqPCR with routine optimized ELISA, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: The 4 methods showed similar 100% sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of CJD. Along with high specificity, however, iqPCR had a threshold for PrPRes detection at least 10-fold lower than that of the classic ELISA. Conclusions: iqPCR is a new method for PrPRes detection that combines 100% specificity with a detection threshold at least 10-fold lower than classic techniques. This method may improve the detection of minute PrPRes deposits in tissues and body fluids and thus be useful for diagnostic and sterilization applications.

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Clinical decision analysis methods applied to diagnostic tests in dentistry

Journal of Dental Education ◽

10.1002/j.0022-0337.1983.47.11.tb01729.x ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 47 (11) ◽

pp. 708-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

CW Douglass ◽

BJ McNeil

Keyword(s):

Decision Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Analysis Methods

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Images of Aging in the Psychotherapeutic Context

GeroPsych ◽

10.1024/1662-9647/a000129 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 47-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Eva-Marie Kessler ◽

Catherine E. Bowen

Keyword(s):

Old Age ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Aging Process ◽

Developmental Psychology ◽

Mental Representations ◽

Later Life ◽

Future Research ◽

Psychotherapeutic Process ◽

Images Of Aging ◽

Client Communication

Both psychotherapists and their clients have mental representations of old age and the aging process. In this conceptual review, we draw on available research from gerontology, social and developmental psychology, and communication science to consider how these “images of aging” may affect the psychotherapeutic process with older clients. On the basis of selected empirical findings we hypothesize that such images may affect the pathways to psychotherapy in later life, therapist-client communication, client performance on diagnostic tests as well as how therapists select and apply a therapeutic method. We posit that interventions to help both older clients and therapists to reflect on their own images of aging may increase the likelihood of successful treatment. We conclude by making suggestions for future research.

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NIDCD Working Group Considerations for Developing and Implementing Genetic Diagnostic Tests for Hereditary Hearing Impairment and Other Communication Disorders

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e606942012-001 ◽

1998 ◽

Keyword(s):

Hearing Impairment ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Working Group ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Hereditary Hearing Impairment

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The present state of aspirin and clopidogrel resistance

Hämostaseologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1617036 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (03) ◽

pp. 285-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. E. Guyer

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Arterial Thrombosis ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Antiplatelet Agents ◽

Antiplatelet Drug ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Testing Method ◽

Pharmacological Response ◽

Platelet Physiology

SummaryAntiplatelet therapy has demonstrated significant clinical benefit in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. However, as with any treatment strategy it has been unable to prevent all cardiovascular events. This is far from surprising when considering the complexity of arterial thrombosis and more specifically platelet physiology. This lack of treatment success has provoked the introduction of various diagnostic tests and testing platforms with the intent of guiding and optimizing clinical treatment. Such tests have resulted in the generation of clinical data that suggest suboptimal response to antiplatelet agents such as aspirin and clopidogrel.In the case of both aspirin and clopidogrel, this suboptimal response has been termed resistance. Drug resistance would imply a lack of pharmacological response that has not been specifically investigated in many of the clinical studies performed to date. Rather, the term resistance has been used to describe various facets of platelet activation and aggregation relative to the testing method. Many of these measured parameters are not addressed in the therapeutic intent of the antiplatelet drug in question.

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Optimizing Diagnostic Test Sequences: The Probability Modifying Plot

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1634143 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 38 (01) ◽

pp. 50-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. F. de Vries Robbé ◽

A. L. M. Verbeek ◽

J. L. Severens

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Decision Trees ◽

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Test Sequence ◽

Optimal Sequence ◽

Specific Test ◽

Total Cost ◽

Modelling Techniques

Abstract:The problem of deciding the optimal sequence of diagnostic tests can be structured in decision trees, but unmanageable bushy decision trees result when the sequence of two or more tests is investigated. Most modelling techniques include tests on the basis of gain in certainty. The aim of this study was to explore a model for optimizing the sequence of diagnostic tests based on efficiency criteria. The probability modifying plot shows, when in a specific test sequence further testing is redundant and which costs are involved. In this way different sequences can be compared. The model is illustrated with data on urinary tract infection. The sequence of diagnostic tests was optimized on the basis of efficiency, which was either defined as the test sequence with the least number of tests or the least total cost for testing. Further research on the model is needed to handle current limitations.

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