scholarly journals Western Asia and the Middle East

2017 ◽  
pp. 220-234
Author(s):  
Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq ◽  
Seif S. Al-Abri ◽  
Ziad A. Memish
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Western Asia

The gall wasp fauna of Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipinae): species checklist and biogeographical assessment

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4948 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-335
Author(s):  
MAJID TAVAKOLI ◽  
ASADOLLAH HOSSEINI-CHEGENI ◽  
GRAHAM N. STONE ◽  
SEYED E. SADEGHI ◽  
R. J. ATKINSON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Gall Wasp ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Species Checklist ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
Western Palaearctic

We provide a checklist of the gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipinae) of Iran, and place these records in a biogeographical perspective on three spatial scales, comprising (i) the Western Palaearctic, (ii) Western Asia (Turkey, the southern Caucasus and the Middle East) and (iii) regions within Iran. We present distribution and biological data for 121 species in 24 genera, representing nine of the 12 known cynipid gall wasp tribes. The most species–rich tribe in Iran is the oak gall wasp tribe Cynipini, with 74 species and 11 genera. Cynipid species richness is highest in the central and northern Zagros, with a distinctively different fauna in the forests along the southern shores of the Caspian Sea. Of the species found in Iran, 63 have distributions that extend westwards far into Europe, and can be considered Western Palaearctic species. Twenty four species comprise a distinct eastern component within the Western Palaearctic, with distributions that include Iran and some or all of Turkey, the Middle East and the Caucasus. Twenty one species are apparently endemic to Iran, with distinct Zagros and Caspian components. We highlight biological and phylogeographic processes that may underlie these patterns. 

scholarly journals Distribution patterns and conservation status of Crocus species in Iran, one of the diversity centers of Crocus in the Middle East

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-168
Author(s):  
Melika Tabasi ◽  
Ahmadreza Mehrabian ◽  
Sadaf Sayadi
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Boundary Area ◽  
Universal Transverse Mercator ◽  
Western Asia

Abstract Assessing distribution patterns of valuable taxa plays an important role in the biodiversity conservation of these taxa. The genus Crocus L. (Iridaceae) comprises about 100 species that are distributed mainly in the Mediterranean region and western Asia. The present study purposed to assess the distribution patterns of Iranian Crocus species (including C. sativus L. and 8 wild species) and their conservation status in Iran as one of diversity centers of Crocus in the Middle East. A set of geographic distribution data was compiled through field studies, and reviews of herbarium specimens, iNaturalist, and various Flora. Localities were marked on geo-referenced maps (1/106) of Iran using ArcView version 3.2 (Esri, 2000). The distribution patterns of the taxa were mapped per 0.25° × 0.25° universal transverse Mercator grid cells (25 km2 with the exception of boundary area). Based on the species distribution (SDI) (33%) and species specialization (SSI) (44%) indices, those Iranian Crocus species that are threatened are mainly distributed in Irano-Turanian region. The mountainous ecosystems of Almeh and Western Alborz are important distribution centers of these taxa. Iranian Crocus species with SSI < 0.5 (C. almehensis, C. gilanicus, C. michelsonii, and C. caspius) have the highest conservation value.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Manifestations can be the only expression of COVID-19; A Report of hotpoint area in Middle East

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hormati ◽  
◽  
Masoudreza Sohrabi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽  
Western Asia

COVID-19 is a worldwide public health problem that has attracted much attention due to its clinical and para-clinical findings. In the western Asia, Qom was the first city to report COVID-19 cases on a large scale. We report gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations, as the only primary signs of COVID-19 infection have been reported.

Prehistoric Western Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-94
Author(s):  
Peter M. M. G. Akkermans
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Regional Differentiation ◽  
Craft Specialization ◽  
Social Ranking ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Gradual Shift ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
The World ◽  
East Anatolia

This chapter deals with prehistoric Western Asia, ca. 9500–4000 BC, when this region was the focus of a series of far-reaching socioeconomic developments that were to change the world. Early in this period a gradual shift occurred from a mobile hunter-gatherer way of life to sustained settlement in villages that were increasingly dependent upon farming. Later on, social ranking, economic intensification, and craft specialization emerged at sites throughout the Middle East (Anatolia, Iran, Mesopotamia, and the Levant), laying the foundations for the earliest urban societies in the region. The chapter argues that these changes, far from being unilateral or monolithic, reflect significant multicultural developments and long-lasting trajectories of regional differentiation, requiring the agency of innumerable individuals and generations over millennia.

scholarly journals Cervix Uteri Cancer in Lebanon: Incidence, Temporal Trends, and Comparison to Countries From Different Regions in the World

2022 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 107327482110686
Author(s):  
Najla A. Lakkis ◽  
Mona H. Osman ◽  
Reem M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Annual Percent Change ◽  
Western Asia

Background Invasive cervix uteri cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women globally. This study investigates the incidence and trends of cervix uteri cancer in Lebanon, a country in the Middle East, and compares these rates to regional and global ones. Methods Data on cervix uteri were obtained from the Lebanese national cancer registry for the currently available years 2005 to 2016. The calculated age-standardized incidence and age-specific rates were expressed as per 100,000 population. Results From 2005 to 2016, cervix uteri cancer was the tenth most common cancer among women. Its age-standardized incidence rate fluctuated narrowly between 3.5 and 5.7 per 100,000, with the lowest rate in 2013 and the highest rate in 2012. The age-specific incidence rate had 2 peaks, the highest peak at age group 70–74 years and the second at age group 50–59 years. The annual percent change (+.05%) showed a non-statistically significant trend of increase. The age-standardized incidence rate of cervix uteri cancer in Lebanon was comparable to that of the Western Asia region that has the lowest incidence rate worldwide. The rate was intermediate as compared to other countries in the Middle East and North Africa Region and relatively similar to the ones in Australia, North America, and some Western European countries. Conclusion The incidence rates of invasive cervix uteri are low in Lebanon. This could be attributed to the low prevalence of human papilloma virus infection and other sexually transmitted infections among Lebanese women, and the opportunistic screening practices. It is important to adopt a comprehensive approach to decrease the potential burden of cervix uteri, especially with the rising patterns of risky sexual behaviors. This includes improving awareness, enhancing access to preventive services, developing clinical guidelines, and training health care providers on these guidelines.

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