A Companion to European Union Law and International Law

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
European Union Law

Effektiver Umweltrechtsschutz in Planungskaskaden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Langstädtler
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Federal Highway ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
Judicial Protection

This treatise examines and compares the remedy in the Federal Highway Act (FStrG), Grid Expansion Acceleration Act (NABEG) as well as in the Determination of a Final Nuclear Disposal Site Act (StandAG) in terms of ensuring an effective remedy to enforce environmental law. Particularly the concentrated remedy in the NABEG proves to be conflictual. There are reasonable doubts whether it guarantees a sufficiently effective judicial protection concerning the enforcement of environmental law. This leads to questions regarding its compatibility with international law (especially the Arhus Convention) and European Union law.

Operation Sophia in Uncharted Waters: European and International Law Challenges for the eu Naval Mission in the Mediterranean Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Butler ◽  
Martin Ratcovich
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Refugee Law ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
International Refugee Law

This article addresses the main legal challenges facing the European Union (eu) Naval Force, eunavfor Med (‘Operation Sophia’), established in 2015, to disrupt human smuggling and trafficking activities in the Mediterranean Sea. It examines a number of legal issues that have given rise to scepticism on the viability of this type of operation, ranging from challenges under European Union law regarding mandate and oversight, to complex questions of compliance with international law. Forcible measures may be at variance with the international law of the sea, binding on the eu and its Member States alike. Even if such strictures can be avoided by a broad United Nations mandate and/or the consent of the neighbouring government(s), international refugee law and international human rights law provide limitations on the measures that Operation Sophia will be tasked with. Different avenues will be explored to ensure the Operation’s compliance with these different legal regimes.

POLICE DUTIES IN PROCEEDINGS CONCERNING FAMILY MATTERS OF MINORS UNDER SELECTED EU AND INTERNATIONAL LAW (WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO CASES OF CHILD ABDUCTION)

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Anna Franusz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Child Abduction ◽  
The Law

The interests of children are of paramount importance, therefore it is sometimes necessary for the authorities to interfere in matters relating to their custody, when a child is likely to have been wrongfully removed or retained in breach of the rights of custody attributed to a person, an institution or any other body (child abduction). Therefore a number of international and European Union legal acts impose on national legislators the obligation to introduce mechanisms involving central authorities into cooperation with each other and promoting cooperation amongst the competent authorities in their respective states to make proper discoveries to secure the prompt return of children. For this purpose, the Law of 26 January 2018 on the exercise of certain acts of the central authority in family matters relating to legal transactions under European Union law and international agreements was adopted. Pursuant to its provisions, Police offi cers shall, by virtue of their specifi c powers, assist the central authority and the courts on matters relating to the abduction of minors abroad. Their role is mainly linked to providing the authorities with relevant information, assisting the probation offi cer, and searching the place where the minor is presumed to be living.

scholarly journals Challenges and Constraints to Recognition in the Field of Freedom of Circulation: The Relevance of the Fraus Legis Institute in European Union Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Dulce Lopes
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
State Of Affairs

The relevance of fraus legis – a falsely presented state of affairs – both in internal and private international law, and particularly within recognition procedures, has not been undisputed throughout the years. And in the midst of integration or close cooperation arrangements it might seem that the institute of fraus legis would definitively lose its interest due to an “unshaken” mutual confidence in the activity of other public authorities. This is however not the case, as demonstrated by European Union law where both legislative and case law examples show the renewed importance of such truthfulness or veracity requirement. Bearing this is mind, the present article has a dual purpose: the first aims to describe the legal concept of recognition in its diversity and richness. As an aggregating factor we will subsequently turn our attention to the “internal structure” of that concept and to the conditions or requisites it is dependent upon. One of such conditions is precisely the control of veracity of the act or situation that aims to be recognised by the receiving State.

Regulating Vessel Discharges on the International and EU Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1-81
Author(s):  
Alexander Proelss ◽  
Valentin J. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Law ◽  
Ballast Water ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Public International Law ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Domestic Law ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract This study analyzes the legal requirements concerning discharges from ships, a matter that is characterized by a considerable degree of complexity. This complexity results, inter alia, from the highly technical nature of the applicable norms, but also from the fact that the relevant rules and principles are prescribed in a wide and often overlapping variety of instruments on different levels of law, namely public international law, European Union law (where applicable) and domestic law. Taking into account that the individual legal instruments within these sub-systems of law significantly differ in their spatial and substantive scopes and regulatory approaches, a risk of conflicts of norms exists both from a vertical (i.e., between different levels of law) and horizontal (i.e., between different instruments on the same level of law) perspective. This situation gives rise to legal uncertainties, which may ultimately threaten the lawful and effective application and implementation of the relevant norms. This study attempts to clarify the existing uncertainties and to suggest harmonized interpretations and applications of the pertinent rules and principles. It does not address the issue of pollution from ships in general, but focuses on three specific categories of vessel discharges, namely scrubber washwater, sewage and ballast water.

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