Closing the North American Mixed-Stock Commercial Fishery for Wild Atlantic Salmon

2007 ◽  
pp. 84-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chase
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
North American ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
The North ◽  
Mixed Stock

scholarly journals Genetic mixed-stock analysis disentangles spatial and temporal variation in composition of the West Greenland Atlantic Salmon fishery

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2311-2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Bradbury ◽  
Lorraine C. Hamilton ◽  
Timothy F. Sheehan ◽  
Gerald Chaput ◽  
Martha J. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
North American ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Published Data ◽  
The West ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Archived Samples ◽  
Mixed Stock ◽  
Salmon Fishery

Abstract The West Greenland Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) fishery represents the largest remaining mixed-stock fishery for Atlantic Salmon in the Northwest Atlantic and targets multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon from throughout North America and Europe. We evaluated stock composition of salmon harvested in the waters off West Greenland (n = 5684 individuals) using genetic mixture analysis and individual assignment to inform conservation of North American populations, many of which are failing to meet management targets. Regional contributions to this fishery were estimated using 2169 individuals sampled throughout the fishery between 2011 and 2014. Of these, 22% were identified as European in origin. Major North American contributions were detected from Labrador (∼20%), the Southern Gulf/Cape Breton (29%), and the Gaspe Peninsula (29%). Minor contributions (∼5%) were detected from Newfoundland, Ungava, and Quebec regions. Region-specific catches were extrapolated using estimates of composition and fishery catch logs and harvests ranged from 300 to 600 and 2000 to 3000 individuals for minor and major constituents, respectively. To evaluate the temporal stability of the observed fishery composition, we extended the temporal coverage through the inclusion of previously published data (1995–2006, n = 3095) and data from archived scales (1968–1998, n = 420). Examination of the complete time-series (47 years) suggests relative stability in stock proportions since the late 1980s. Genetic estimates of stock composition were significantly associated with model-based estimates of returning MSW salmon (individual years r = 0.69, and overall mean r = 0.96). This work demonstrates that the analysis of both contemporary and archived samples in a mixed-stock context can disentangle levels of regional exploitation and directly inform assessment and conservation of Atlantic Salmon in the West Greenland interceptory Atlantic Salmon fishery.

scholarly journals Coastal migration patterns of the four largest Barents Sea Atlantic salmon stocks inferred using genetic stock identification methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1379-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin-A Svenning ◽  
Morten Falkegård ◽  
Eero Niemelä ◽  
Juha-Pekka Vähä ◽  
Vidar Wennevik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Genetic Stock ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Genetic Stock Identification ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Catch Composition ◽  
Mixed Stock

Abstract Combining detailed temporal and spatial catch data, including catch per unit effort, with a high-resolution microsatellite genetic baseline facilitated the development of stock-specific coastal migration models for the four largest Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) populations, Målselv, Alta, Tana and Kola rivers, contributing to the Barents Sea mixed-stock fishery. Målselv salmon displayed a restricted coastal movement with 85% of the fish captured within 20 km of their natal river. Kola salmon also demonstrated limited coastal movements in Norwegian waters, with most (> 90%) caught in eastern Finnmark. Multi-sea-winter (MSW) Alta salmon were caught west of Alta fjord across a broader stretch of coast while one-sea-winter (1SW) fish migrated more extensively along the coast prior to river entry. Tana salmon, however, were detected over a broad expanse (600 km) of the North-Norwegian coast. For all populations MSW salmon dominating catches earlier in the season (May–June) while 1SW fish were more common from July to August. This study provides an example of how traditional catch and effort information may be combined with genetic methods to obtain insights into spatial and temporal changes in Atlantic salmon catch composition and their associated migration patterns in a mixed-stock coastal fishery.

Hotelling's T2 to Identify the Origin of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) in a Mixed-Stock Fishery

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Reddin ◽  
R. K. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Commercial Fishery ◽  
Commercial Sample ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Leave One Out ◽  
Mixed Stock ◽  
River Size

We used a new approach based on measurements of four scale characters, for identifying Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) caught in the commercial fishery at St. Ann's Harbour, Nova Scotia, and that were returning to North River. Utilizing Hotelling's T2, we compared the vector of observations of each member of the commercial sample (size = 29) with the vector of means of the sample from the angling fishery on North River (size = 48). Misclassification rate was estimated by the "leave-one-out" technique. The variables chosen for analysis were the measurements of the longest oral radii between each of the first three river and first sea annuli. The analysis indicated that 79–88% of the individuals in the commercial sample could have been migrating to North River. This technique is proposed for cases in which the requirement to have samples from all contributing stocks for discriminant analysis is not possible.

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Greenland fishery inferred from mixed-stock analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2040-2051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Gauthier-Ouellet ◽  
Mélanie Dionne ◽  
François Caron ◽  
Tim L. King ◽  
Louis Bernatchez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Mixed Stock ◽  
Mortality Estimates

Mixed-stock fisheries refer to the exploitation of admixed fish stocks coming from different origins. We identified the North American origin of 2835 Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) in the Greenland mixed-stock fishery during 11 years (1995–2006) at three localities using 13 microsatellites. The study included 52 baseline populations representing nine genetically distinct regional groups. The contribution of each group ranged from <1% (Maine) to 40% (Southern Québec). Decreasing temporal contributions were observed for Southern Québec (–22.0%) and New Brunswick (–17.4%), whereas an increasing contribution for Labrador (+14.9%) was observed during the time course of the study. The estimated regional contribution to the Greenland fishery was significantly correlated to the number of multi-sea-winter salmon regionally produced in 2002 (r = 0.79) and 2004 (r = 0.92). No difference in contribution was found between the three Greenland sampling localities. Ungava and Southern Québec regions showed the highest mortality estimates caused by the fishery, ranging from 12.10% to 18.08%, for both years tested. No regional group was overrepresented in landings compared with their respective productivity. Yet, management precautions should still be taken as the fishery strongly selects large females, which could have evolutionary impacts on populations over the long term.

THE IDENTITY OF THE SPECIES OF LEPEOPHTHEIRUS (COPEPODA) PARASITIC ON PACIFIC SALMON (GENUS ONCORHYNCHUS) AND ATLANTIC SALMON (SALMO SALAR)

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Margolis
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North American ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The North Pacific

A review of existing descriptions of Lepeophtheirus from salmonids, based on specimens collected mainly from Salmo salar in the European and North American Atlantic and from Oncorhynchus spp. in the Asiatic and North American Pacific, coupled with observations by the author on material from S. salar from England and from Oncorhynchus spp. from a wide range of localities in the North Pacific, suggest that L. salmonis (Krøyer, 1838) is the only species found on salmonids from both oceans. The differentiation of L. uenoi Yamaguti, 1939 as a distinct species on Pacific salmon seems to be the result of incorrect or inadequate early descriptions of L. salmonis.

scholarly journals Probabilistic-based genetic assignment model: assignments to subcontinent of origin of the West Greenland Atlantic salmon harvest

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Sheehan ◽  
Christopher M. Legault ◽  
Timothy L. King ◽  
Adrian P. Spidle
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
North American ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Genetic Assignment ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Assignment Model ◽  
Misclassification Rates ◽  
Mixed Stock

Abstract Sheehan, T. F., Legault, C. M., King, T. L., and Spidle, A. P. 2010. Probabilistic-based genetic assignment model: assignments to subcontinent of origin of the West Greenland Atlantic salmon harvest. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 537–550. A multistock Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fishery operates off the coast of West Greenland and harvests fish of North American and European origin. Annual landings peaked in 1971 at 2700 t, but declined to 22 t in 2003. Biological data are collected to characterize the catch and its stock composition. Multilocus genotypes, generated via microsatellite DNA analysis, are used to derive statistics on continent of origin and less accurate finer-scale assignments. We developed a probabilistic-based genetic assignment (PGA) model to estimate the contribution of salmon from individual North American rivers in the 2000–2003 West Greenland catch. Uncertainty associated with finer-scale assignments is addressed by incorporating estimated misclassification rates and by reporting results as distributions generated via Monte Carlo resampling. US-origin fish represented ∼1% (by number) of the salmon harvested at West Greenland during the years 2000–2003. The resulting loss of spawners to this stock complex was approximately half the estimated adult returns in 2001, but was below 4% in the other 3 years. This is the first attempt to partition the US component of the West Greenland mixed-stock fishery to its finer parts. The approach can be used to identify the effects of fishing on individual stocks within any multistock complex where genetic samples of known origin are available.

Discrimination between Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) of North American and European Origin using Restriction Analyses of Mitochondrial DNA

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 884-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldredge Bermingham ◽  
Stephen H. Forbes ◽  
Kevin Friedland ◽  
Carles Pla
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North American ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
The West ◽  
European Origin ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North

Twenty restriction endonucleases were used to study mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphism in 11 hatchery strains of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) representing geographically separated populations in Europe and North America. The North American salmon mtDNAs studied were readily distinguished, by a minimum of seven restriction site differences, from fish of European origin. These results suggested that restriction analyses of mtDNA might provide a useful method for determining the proportions of European and North American Atlantic salmon caught in the West Greenland fishery. To test this proposition, we analyzed 328 salmon caught in the 1987 West Greenland fishery including 68 fish with coded wire or Carlin tags which provided the geographic source of the tagged salmon. We correctly identified the continent of origin for 67 of the 68 physically tagged salmon using two informative restriction endonucleases. This study provides a clear indication of the usefulness of mtDNA for discriminating between European and North American Atlantic salmon caught in the West Greenland fishery and for mixed-fishery analysis in general.

Multidecadal trends in North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks and climate trends relevant to juvenile survival

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
K D Friedland ◽  
D G Reddin ◽  
J R McMenemy ◽  
K F Drinkwater
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
North American ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Climate Trends ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The North

Landings of North American Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) over the past century show multidecadal patterns, which most recently characterize unprecedented declines in abundance. Stock size is compared with sea surface temperature (SST) data in the marine nurseries of post-smolt Atlantic salmon. A previously described correlation between stock abundance and winter SST conditions was again documented; however, of more relevance to the survival of salmon post-smolts, a correlation was also observed between abundance and spring SST in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The relevance of the winter SST correlation was further investigated by considering winter conditions in the freshwater nurseries as a factor causing elevated overwintering mortality of pre-migrant parr. The salmon abundance time series was compared with air temperature and rainfall trends averaged over time and space. Air temperature and rainfall do not appear to be significant environmental variables in shaping salmon recruitment. The timing of smolt runs appears to be out of synchronization with ocean conditions in the post-smolt nursery areas. The relationship between marine and freshwater impacts may change with changing climate conditions. Persistent positive phase forcing in the North Atlantic Oscillation raises the concern that recent declines in Atlantic salmon are, in part, due to global climate change.

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