Experiential Influences on Speech Perception and Speech Production in Infancy

2008 ◽  
pp. 153-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Polka ◽  
Susan Rvachew ◽  
Karen Mattock
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production

Is there adaptation of speech production after speech perception in bilingual interaction?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1252-1270
Author(s):  
Wouter P. J. Broos ◽  
Aster Dijkgraaf ◽  
Eva Van Assche ◽  
Heleen Vander Beken ◽  
Nicolas Dirix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production

Motor theory modulated by task load: strategies of phonological processing in frontal aphasia revealed by tDCS over the LIFG

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lílian Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Paul A. Pope ◽  
Peter Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Dorsal Stream ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Motor Theory ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Cathodal Tdcs ◽  
The Individual

In our previous studies we supported the claim that the motor theory is modulated by task load. Motoric participation in phonological processing increases from speech perception to speech production, with the endpoints of the dorsal stream having changing and complementary weightings for processing: the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) being increasingly relevant and the left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG) being decreasingly relevant. Our previous results for neurostimulation of the LIFG support this model. In this study we investigated whether our claim that the motor theory is modulated by task load holds in (frontal) aphasia. Person(s) with aphasia (PWA) after stroke typically have damage on brain areas responsible for phonological processing. They may present variable patterns of recovery and, consequently, variable strategies of phonological processing. Here these strategies were investigated in two PWA with simultaneous fMRI and tDCS of the LIFG during speech perception and speech production tasks. Anodal tDCS excitation and cathodal tDCS inhibition should increase with the relevance of the target for the task. Cathodal tDCS over a target of low relevance could also induce compensation by the remaining nodes. Responses of PWA to tDCS would further depend on their pattern of recovery. Responses would depend on the responsiveness of the perilesional area, and could be weaker than in controls due to an overall hypoactivation of the cortex. Results suggest that the analysis of motor codes for articulation during phonological processing remains in frontal aphasia and that tDCS is a promising diagnostic tool to investigate the individual processing strategies.

scholarly journals Phonological Awareness and Print Knowledge of Preschool Children With Cochlear Implants

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Ambrose ◽  
Marc E. Fey ◽  
Laurie S. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Print Knowledge ◽  
Age Appropriate

PurposeTo determine whether preschool-age children with cochlear implants have age-appropriate phonological awareness and print knowledge and to examine the relationships of these skills with related speech and language abilities.MethodThe sample comprised 24 children with cochlear implants (CIs) and 23 peers with normal hearing (NH), ages 36 to 60 months. Children's print knowledge, phonological awareness, language, speech production, and speech perception abilities were assessed.ResultsFor phonological awareness, the CI group's mean score fell within one standard deviation of the Test of Preschool Early Literacy's (Lonigan, Wagner, Torgesen, & Rashotte, 2007) normative sample mean but was more than one standard deviation below the NH group mean. The CI group's performance did not differ significantly from that of the NH group for print knowledge. For the CI group, phonological awareness and print knowledge were significantly correlated with language, speech production, and speech perception. Together these predictor variables accounted for 34% of variance in the CI group's phonological awareness but no significant variance in their print knowledge.ConclusionsChildren with CIs have the potential to develop age-appropriate early literacy skills by preschool age but are likely to lag behind their NH peers in phonological awareness. Intervention programs serving these children should target these skills with instruction and by facilitating speech and language development.

scholarly journals Hörer- und Sprechertypen in Bremen und Hamburg. Eine Untersuchung zu Sprachwissen, Sprachwahrnehmung und Sprachgebrauch

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Hettler
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Language Awareness ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Individual Features ◽  
Metalinguistic Knowledge

Regarding the perception of regional speech and the salience of language variants it is to as-sume, that they are being influenced by individual features of the specific speaker/listener. However, most recent studies dealing with the salience of language phenomena neglect factors like, for example, language awareness or the profession of speakers. This article focuses on the correlation between speech perception, speech production and individual characteristics of speakers like the metalinguistic knowledge they have. It presents selected results of a study dealing with the perception and production of regional speech in Bremen and Hamburg and discusses different types of speaker/listener profiles.

Acoustic Effects of Wearing an M40 Mask with Hood on Speech Perception Anf Roduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (37) ◽  
pp. 674-677
Author(s):  
Sehchang Hah
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Protective Mask ◽  
Speech Perception And Production

The objective of this experiment was to quantify and localize the effects of wearing the nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) M40 protective mask and hood on speech production and perception. A designated speaker's vocalizations of 192 monosyllables while wearing an M40 mask with hood were digitized and used as speech stimuli. Another set of speech stimuli was produced by recording the same individual's vocalizing the same monosyllables without the mask and hood. Participants listened to one set of stimuli during two sessions, one session while wearing an M40 mask with hood and another session without the mask and hood. The results showed that wearing the mask with hood gave most detrimental effects on the sustention dimension acoustically for both speech perception and production. The results also showed that wearing it was detrimental on vocalizing and listening to fricatives and unvoiced-stops. These results may be due to the muffling effect of the voicemitter in speech production and the filtering effects of the voicemitter and the hood material on high frequency components during both speech production and perception. This information will be useful for designing better masks and hoods. This methodology also can be used to evaluate other speech communication systems.

Observing the link between speech production and speech perception from disordered speech

2000 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 2508-2508
Author(s):  
Emily Q. Wang ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Katie Kompoliti ◽  
Christopher G. Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Disordered Speech

scholarly journals Language prediction mechanisms in human auditory cortex

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Forseth ◽  
G. Hickok ◽  
P. S. Rollo ◽  
N. Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Planum Temporale ◽  
Gamma Power ◽  
And Function ◽  
Predictive Mechanisms ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Spoken language, both perception and production, is thought to be facilitated by an ensemble of predictive mechanisms. We obtain intracranial recordings in 37 patients using depth probes implanted along the anteroposterior extent of the supratemporal plane during rhythm listening, speech perception, and speech production. These reveal two predictive mechanisms in early auditory cortex with distinct anatomical and functional characteristics. The first, localized to bilateral Heschl’s gyri and indexed by low-frequency phase, predicts the timing of acoustic events. The second, localized to planum temporale only in language-dominant cortex and indexed by high-gamma power, shows a transient response to acoustic stimuli that is uniquely suppressed during speech production. Chronometric stimulation of Heschl’s gyrus selectively disrupts speech perception, while stimulation of planum temporale selectively disrupts speech production. This work illuminates the fundamental acoustic infrastructure—both architecture and function—for spoken language, grounding cognitive models of speech perception and production in human neurobiology.

Relationships Among Speech Perception, Production, Language, Hearing Loss, and Age in Children With Impaired Hearing

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Blamey ◽  
Julia Z. Sarant ◽  
Louise E. Paatsch ◽  
Johanna G. Barry ◽  
Catherine P. Bow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Over Time

Eighty-seven primary-school children with impaired hearing were evaluated using speech perception, production, and language measures over a 3-year period. Forty-seven children with a mean unaided pure-tone-average hearing loss of 106 dB HL used a 22-electrode cochlear implant, and 40 with a mean unaided puretone-average hearing loss of 78 dB HL were fitted with hearing aids. All children were enrolled in oral/aural habilitation programs, and most attended integrated classes with normally hearing children for part of the time at school. Multiple linear regression was used to describe the relationships among the speech perception, production, and language measures, and the trends over time. Little difference in the level of performance and trends was found for the two groups of children, so the perceptual effect of the implant is equivalent, on average, to an improvement of about 28 dB in hearing thresholds. Scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals showed an upward trend at about 60% of the rate for normally hearing children. Rates of improvement for individual children were not correlated significantly with degree of hearing loss. The children showed a wide scatter about the average speech production score of 40% of words correctly produced in spontaneous conversations, with no significant upward trend with age. Scores on the open-set Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) monosyllabic word test and the Bench-Kowal-Bamford (BKB) sentence test were strongly related to language level (as measured by an equivalent age on the PPVT) and speech production scores for both auditory-visual and auditory test conditions. After allowing for differences in language, speech perception scores in the auditory test condition showed a slight downward trend over time, which is consistent with the known biological effects of hearing loss on the auditory periphery and brainstem. Speech perception scores in the auditory condition also decreased significantly by about 5% for every 10 dB of hearing loss in the hearing aid group. The regression analysis model allows separation of the effects of language, speech production, and hearing levels on speech perception scores so that the effects of habilitation and training in these areas can be observed and/or predicted. The model suggests that most of the children in the study will reach a level of over 90% sentence recognition in the auditory-visual condition when their language becomes equivalent to that of a normally hearing 7-year-old, but they will enter secondary school at age 12 with an average language delay of about 4 or 5 years unless they receive concentrated and effective language training.

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