Biopsychosocial Recovery from Addictive Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 603-617
Author(s):  
Sara Jo Nixon ◽  
Robert A. Prather
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Disorders

Suchterkrankungen im Diagnostischen und Statistischen Manual Psychischer Störungen DSM-5

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
O. Pogarell ◽  
G. Koller
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Im Jahr 2014 wurde das DSM-IV durch die fünfte Version des Diagnostischen und Statistischen Manuals Psychischer Störungen (DSM-5) abgelöst. In der vorliegenden Übersicht soll auf die Darstellung der Abhängigkeitserkrankungen im DSM-5 (Kapitel: Substance Related and Addictive Disorders, in der Übersetzung: Störungen im Zusammenhang mit psychotropen Substanzen und abhängige Verhaltensweisen) eingegangen werden. Ziel: Nach einem Überblick über die neue Systematik werden die entsprechenden Änderungen und Besonderheiten gegenüber DSM-IV und ICD-10 erläutert, sowie die Rezeption im deutschsprachigen Raum dargestellt.

Antipsychotics Management in Addictive Disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Pierre Geoffroy ◽  
Benjamin Rolland ◽  
Vincent Laprevote ◽  
Olivier Cottencin
Keyword(s):  
Addictive Disorders

Clinical and biological predictors of psychedelic response in the treatment of psychiatric and addictive disorders: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Bruno Romeo ◽  
Marianne Hermand ◽  
Amélie Pétillion ◽  
Laurent Karila ◽  
Amine Benyamina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Addictive Disorders

Transdiagnostic dimensions in obsessive-compulsive and related disorders: associations with internalizing and externalizing symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ivar Snorrason ◽  
Courtney Beard ◽  
Andrew D. Peckham ◽  
Thröstur Björgvinsson
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Cravings ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms

Abstract Background Hierarchical structural models of psychopathology rarely extend to obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. The current study sought to examine the higher-order structure of the obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRDs) in DSM-5: obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), hoarding disorder (HD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder; HPD) and excoriation (skin-picking) disorder (SPD). Methods Adult patients in a partial hospital program (N = 532) completed a dimensional measure of the five OCRDs. We used confirmatory factor analysis to identify the optimal model of the comorbidity structure. We then examined the associations between the transdiagnostic factors and internalizing and externalizing symptoms (i.e. depression, generalized anxiety, neuroticism, and drug/alcohol cravings). Results The best fitting model included two correlated higher-order factors: an obsessions-compulsions (OC) factor (OCD, BDD, and HD), and a body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB) factor (HPD and SPD). The OC factor, not the BFRB factor, had unique associations with internalizing symptoms (standardized effects = 0.42–0.66) and the BFRB factor, not the OC factor, had small marginally significant unique association with drug/alcohol cravings (standardized effect = 0.22, p = 0.088). Conclusions The results mirror findings from twin research and indicate that OCD, BDD, and HD share liability that is significantly associated with internalizing symptoms, but this liability may be relatively less important for BFRBs. Further research is needed to better examine the associations between BFRBs and addictive disorders.

Addiction and schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Batel
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Dependency Type ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
High Level ◽  
Environmental Hypothesis ◽  
High Degree

SummaryEpidemiologic studies in the general population and those based on the clinical assessment of schizophrenic populations have revealed a high degree of overlap between schizophrenia and addictive disorders. The abuse of psychoactive substances (including alcohol) throughout life is so frequent (50%) that the possibility of a specific link inevitably arises. Various hypotheses have been suggested to explain the high co-morbidity between schizophrenia and addiction: 1) The social-environmental hypothesis has been developed but studies have provided poor evidence to validate it. 2) The possible shared biological vulnerability between schizophrenia and addictions led researchers to explore common genetic determinants and study the involvement of the dopaminergic and opioid systems in the aetiology of both schizophrenia and the abuse of and dependence on psychoactive drugs. 3) Finally, the theory of self-medication suggests that schizophrenics may be attempting to counter the deficit linked to their disorders by using the substances they take or their dependency-type behaviour to cope with their emotional problems. The clinical profile of schizophrenic addicts does seem to display some distinctive features, such as the high level of depressive co-morbidity, very high nicotine and alcohol dependence, with a very poor prognosis. These patients are difficult to manage; the possibility of pharmacologic interactions between the substances they are taking and neuroleptic medication calls for prudence, and their compliance is also poor. Addictive disorders in schizophrenics are currently a topic of active research intended to lead to identifying specific treatments. The early identification of addictive disorders in schizophrenics should make it possible to limit their development and improve the prognosis.

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