scholarly journals The Storm Time Evolution of the Ionospheric Disturbance Plasma Drifts

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 11,665-11,676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruilong Zhang ◽  
Libo Liu ◽  
Huijun Le ◽  
Yiding Chen ◽  
Jiawei Kuai
Keyword(s):  
Time Evolution ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbance ◽  
Plasma Drifts

scholarly journals Equatorial Ionospheric Disturbance Field-Aligned Plasma Drifts Observed by C/NOFS

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 4192-4201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruilong Zhang ◽  
Libo Liu ◽  
N. Balan ◽  
Huijun Le ◽  
Yiding Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionospheric Disturbance ◽  
Plasma Drifts ◽  
Disturbance Field

scholarly journals LION: A dynamic computer model for the low-latitude ionosphere

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2371-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Bittencourt ◽  
V. G. Pillat ◽  
P. R. Fagundes ◽  
Y. Sahai ◽  
A. A. Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Radiation Chemical ◽  
Neutral Winds ◽  
Plasma Drifts ◽  
Low Latitude Ionosphere

Abstract. A realistic fully time-dependent computer model, denominated LION (Low-latitude Ionospheric) model, that simulates the dynamic behavior of the low-latitude ionosphere is presented. The time evolution and spatial distribution of the ionospheric particle densities and velocities are computed by numerically solving the time-dependent, coupled, nonlinear system of continuity and momentum equations for the ions O+, O2+, NO+, N2+ and N+, taking into account photoionization of the atmospheric species by the solar extreme ultraviolet radiation, chemical and ionic production and loss reactions, and plasma transport processes, including the ionospheric effects of thermospheric neutral winds, plasma diffusion and electromagnetic E×B plasma drifts. The Earth's magnetic field is represented by a tilted centered magnetic dipole. This set of coupled nonlinear equations is solved along a given magnetic field line in a Lagrangian frame of reference moving vertically, in the magnetic meridian plane, with the electromagnetic E×B plasma drift velocity. The spatial and time distribution of the thermospheric neutral wind velocities and the pattern of the electromagnetic drifts are taken as known quantities, given through specified analytical or empirical models. The model simulation results are presented in the form of computer-generated color maps and reproduce the typical ionization distribution and time evolution normally observed in the low-latitude ionosphere, including details of the equatorial Appleton anomaly dynamics. The specific effects on the ionosphere due to changes in the thermospheric neutral winds and the electromagnetic plasma drifts can be investigated using different wind and drift models, including the important longitudinal effects associated with magnetic declination dependence and latitudinal separation between geographic and geomagnetic equators. The model runs in a normal personal computer (PC) and generates color maps illustrating the typical behavior of the low-latitude ionosphere for a given longitudinal region, for different seasons, geophysical conditions and solar activity, at each instant of time, showing the time evolution of the low-latitude ionosphere, between about 20° north and south of the magnetic equator. This paper presents a detailed description of the mathematical model and illustrative computer results.

A COMPARISON BETWEEN ZIRCON-RUTILE THERMOMETRY OF ECLOGITES: IMPLICATIONS FOR TEMPERATURE-TIME EVOLUTION OF THE NORTH QAIDAM UHP TERRANE, CHINA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hernández-Uribe ◽  
◽  
Chris G. Mattinson ◽  
Owen K. Neill ◽  
Andrew Kylander-Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
North Qaidam ◽  
Temperature Time

Historical Background

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Morawetz
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Kinetic Theory ◽  
Time Evolution ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Quantum Kinetic Theory ◽  
Dense Gases ◽  
Nonequilibrium Phenomena ◽  
Quantum Liquids ◽  
Nonlocal Quantum

The historical development of kinetic theory is reviewed with respect to the inclusion of virial corrections. Here the theory of dense gases differs from quantum liquids. While the first one leads to Enskog-type of corrections to the kinetic theory, the latter ones are described by quasiparticle concepts of Landau-type theories. A unifying kinetic theory is envisaged by the nonlocal quantum kinetic theory. Nonequilibrium phenomena are the essential processes which occur in nature. Any evolution is built up of involved causal networks which may render a new state of quality in the course of time evolution. The steady state or equilibrium is rather the exception in nature, if not a theoretical abstraction at all.

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