scholarly journals Arctic Sea Ice Loss in Different Regions Leads to Contrasting Northern Hemisphere Impacts

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 945-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. McKenna ◽  
Thomas J. Bracegirdle ◽  
Emily F. Shuckburgh ◽  
Peter H. Haynes ◽  
Manoj M. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

scholarly journals Evaluating Impacts of Recent Arctic Sea Ice Loss on the Northern Hemisphere Winter Climate Change

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 3255-3263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumiaki Ogawa ◽  
Noel Keenlyside ◽  
Yongqi Gao ◽  
Torben Koenigk ◽  
Shuting Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Winter Climate ◽  
Winter Climate Change ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Hemisphere Winter ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss ◽  
Northern Hemisphere Winter

Respective roles of direct GHG radiative forcing and induced Arctic sea ice loss on the Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 3693-3713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Oudar ◽  
Emilia Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Fabrice Chauvin ◽  
Julien Cattiaux ◽  
Laurent Terray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

Assessing the climate response to regional sea ice change across all Arctic regions.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Levine ◽  
Ivana Cvijanovic ◽  
Pablo Ortega ◽  
Markus Donat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate Response ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

<p>Climate models predict that sea ice cover will shrink--even disappear-- in most regions of the Arctic basin by the end of the century, triggering local and remote responses in the surface climate via atmospheric and oceanic circulation changes. In particular, it has been suggested that seasonal anomalies over Europe and North America in recent years could have been caused by record low Arctic sea ice cover. Despite an intense research effort toward quantifying its effect, the contribution of regional sea ice loss to climate change and its mechanisms of action remain controversial. </p><p>In this study, we prescribe sea ice loss in individual sectors of the Arctic within a climate model, and study its effect on climatic anomalies in the Northern Hemisphere. Using the EC-EARTH3.3 model in its atmospheric-only and fully coupled configuration, and following the PAMIP protocol, sea ice cover is set to either its present day state, or a hypothetical future distribution of reduced sea ice cover in the Arctic. This pan-Arctic sea ice loss experiment is then complemented by 8 regional sea ice loss experiments.</p><p>Comparing those experiments, we assess the contribution of sea ice loss in each region of the Arctic to climate change over Europe, Siberia and North America. We find that sea ice loss in some sectors of the Arctic appears to matter more for Northern Hemisphere climate change than others, even after normalizing for differences in surface cover. Furthermore, the climatic effect of regional sea ice loss is compared to that of a pan-Arctic sea ice loss, whose associated climate anomalies are found to be strikingly different from that expected from a simple linear response to regional sea ice loss. We propose a mechanism for this nonlinear climate response to regional sea ice loss, which considers regional differences in the strength of the thermal inversion over the Arctic, as well as the relative proximity of each Arctic region to features critical for stationary wave genesis (e.g. the Tibetan plateau).</p>

scholarly journals Arctic sea-ice loss fuels extreme European snowfall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Bailey ◽  
Alun Hubbard ◽  
Eric S. Klein ◽  
Kaisa-Riikka Mustonen ◽  
Pete D. Akers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

Observationally constrained multi-model atmospheric response to future Arctic sea ice loss 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doug Smith ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Model Intercomparison ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Model Response ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Constrained Model ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

<p>The possibility that Arctic sea ice loss could weaken mid-latitude westerlies and promote more severe cold winters has sparked more than a decade of scientific debate, with support from observations but inconclusive modelling evidence. Here we analyse a large multi-model ensemble of coordinated experiments from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project and find that the modelled response is proportional to the simulated eddy momentum feedback, and that this is underestimated in all models. Hence, we derive an observationally constrained model response showing a modest weakening of mid-latitude tropospheric and stratospheric winds, an equatorward shift of the Atlantic and Pacific storm tracks, and a negative North Atlantic Oscillation. Although our constrained response is consistent with observed relationships which have weakened recently, we caution that emergent constraints may only provide a lower bound.</p>

scholarly journals The impact of Arctic sea ice loss on mid-Holocene climate

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Seok Park ◽  
Seong-Joong Kim ◽  
Kyong-Hwan Seo ◽  
Andrew L. Stewart ◽  
Seo-Yeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Holocene Climate ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Mechanisms causing reduced Arctic sea ice loss in a coupled climate model

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2653-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. West ◽  
A. B. Keen ◽  
H. T. Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Coupled Climate Model ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ensembles Project ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

Abstract. The fully-coupled climate model HadGEM1 produces one of the most accurate simulations of the historical record of Arctic sea ice seen in the IPCC AR4 multi-model ensemble. In this study, we examine projections of sea ice decline out to 2030, produced by two ensembles of HadGEM1 with natural and anthropogenic forcings included. These ensembles project a significant slowing of the rate of ice loss to occur after 2010, with some integrations even simulating a small increase in ice area. We use an energy budget of the Arctic to examine the causes of this slowdown. A negative feedback effect by which rapid reductions in ice thickness north of Greenland reduce ice export is found to play a major role. A slight reduction in ocean-to-ice heat flux in the relevant period, caused by changes in the MOC and subpolar gyre in some integrations, is also found to play a part. Finally, we assess the likelihood of a slowdown occurring in the real world due to these causes.

Greenhouse-gas contribution to Arctic sea-ice loss

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon-Hee Kim ◽  
Seung-Ki Min
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
External Forcings ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Intercomparison Project ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice Loss

<p>Arctic sea-ice area (ASIA) has been declining rapidly throughout the year during recent decades, but a formal quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) contribution remains limited. This study conducts an attribution analysis of the observed ASIA changes from 1979 to 2017 by comparing three satellite observations with the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) multi-model simulations using an optimal fingerprint method. The observed ASIA exhibits overall decreasing trends across all months with stronger trends in warm seasons. CMIP6 anthropogenic plus natural forcing (ALL) simulations and GHG-only forcing simulations successfully capture the observed temporal trend patterns. Results from detection analysis show that ALL signals are detected robustly for all calendar months for three observations. It is found that GHG signals are detectable in the observed ASIA decrease throughout the year, explaining most of the ASIA reduction, with a much weaker contribution by other external forcings. We additionally find that the Arctic Ocean will occur ice-free in September around the 2040s regardless of the emission scenario.</p>

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