Depth dependence of the frictional behavior of montmorillonite fault gouge: Implications for seismicity along a décollement zone

Tomoyo Mizutani; Ken-ichi Hirauchi; Weiren Lin; Michiyo Sawai

doi:10.1002/2017gl073465

Depth dependence of the frictional behavior of montmorillonite fault gouge: Implications for seismicity along a décollement zone

Geophysical Research Letters ◽

10.1002/2017gl073465 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (11) ◽

pp. 5383-5390 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tomoyo Mizutani ◽

Ken-ichi Hirauchi ◽

Weiren Lin ◽

Michiyo Sawai

Keyword(s):

Fault Gouge ◽

Frictional Behavior ◽

Depth Dependence

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Frictional behavior of simulated biotite fault gouge under hydrothermal conditions

Tectonophysics ◽

10.1016/j.tecto.2014.03.002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 622 ◽

pp. 62-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zhen Lu ◽

Changrong He

Keyword(s):

Fault Gouge ◽

Hydrothermal Conditions ◽

Frictional Behavior

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High-velocity frictional behavior of Longmenshan fault gouge from Hongkou outcrop and its implications for dynamic weakening of fault during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake

Earthquake Science ◽

10.1007/s11589-011-0790-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 267-281 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Tetsuhiro Togo ◽

Toshihiko Shimamoto ◽

Shengli Ma ◽

Takehiro Hirose

Keyword(s):

Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

High Velocity ◽

Fault Gouge ◽

2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

Frictional Behavior ◽

The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake ◽

Longmenshan Fault ◽

Dynamic Weakening

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High-velocity frictional behavior and microstructure evolution of fault gouge obtained from Nojima fault, southwest Japan

Tectonophysics ◽

10.1016/j.tecto.2009.02.033 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 471 (3-4) ◽

pp. 285-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Kazuo Mizoguchi ◽

Takehiro Hirose ◽

Toshihiko Shimamoto ◽

Eiichi Fukuyama

Keyword(s):

Microstructure Evolution ◽

High Velocity ◽

Fault Gouge ◽

Southwest Japan ◽

Frictional Behavior ◽

Nojima Fault

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Frictional behavior and constitutive modeling of simulated fault gouge

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres ◽

10.1029/jb095ib05p07007 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 95 (B5) ◽

pp. 7007 ◽

Cited By ~ 380

Author(s):

Chris Marone ◽

C. Barry Raleigh ◽

C. H. Scholz

Keyword(s):

Constitutive Modeling ◽

Fault Gouge ◽

Frictional Behavior

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INFRARED SPECTROMETRY AT DETACHMENT FAULT GOUGE FOR FLUID PATHWAY ANALYSIS, SILVER PEAK RANGE AND SYLVANIA MOUNTAINS, NEVADA, USA

10.1130/abs/2018sc-310178 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jeremy McDowell ◽

◽

Tom H. Brikowski

Keyword(s):

Pathway Analysis ◽

Detachment Fault ◽

Fault Gouge ◽

Infrared Spectrometry ◽

Fluid Pathway

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THE EFFECT OF FAULT GOUGE ON FLUID FLOW, LISBON VALLEY, UT

10.1130/abs/2019sc-327376 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Carson L. Broaddus ◽

◽

Kimberly A. Hannula ◽

Robert W. Krantz

Keyword(s):

Fluid Flow ◽

Fault Gouge

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Impact of Coseismic Frictional Melting on Particle Size, Shape Distribution and Chemistry of Experimentally-Generated Pseudotachylite

Frontiers in Earth Science ◽

10.3389/feart.2020.596116 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Leny Montheil ◽

Virginia G. Toy ◽

James M. Scott ◽

Thomas M. Mitchell ◽

David P. Dobson

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Host Rock ◽

Fractal Dimensions ◽

Rock Composition ◽

Slip Rates ◽

Shape Distribution ◽

Frictional Behavior ◽

Particle Size And Shape ◽

Frictional Melting ◽

Glass Compositions

In natural friction melts, or pseudotachylites, clast textures and glass compositions can influence the frictional behavior of faults hosting pseudotachylites, and are, in turn, sensitive to the processes involved in pseudotachylite formation. Quantification of these parameters in situations where the host rock composition and formation conditions are well-constrained, such as analogue experiments, may yield calibrations that can be employed in analysis of natural pseudotachylites. In this paper, we experimentally-generated pseudotachylites in granitoid rocks (tonalite and Westerly granite) at Pconf = 40 MPa and slip rates of ∼0.1 m s−1, comparable to the conditions under which natural pseudotachylite is known to form in Earth’s upper crust. We find variations in both clast textures and glass compositions that reflect formation processes, and probably influence the frictional behavior of similar natural faults hosting pseudotachylite. Quantification of particle size and shape distribution with a semi-automatic image analysis method, combined with analysis of glass and host-rock composition of these experimentally generated pseudotachylites, reveals that the textures of pseudotachylite material evolved by combinations of 1) comminution, 2) heterogeneous frictional flash melting, and 3) homogeneous (diffusive) clast melting and/or marginal decrepitation. Fractal dimensions of pseudotachylite-hosted clasts (D ∼ 3) that are greater than those of marginal fragmented host rock particles (gouge, D ∼ 2.4), reflect an increase of the intensity of comminution by slip localisation during a pre-melting phase. Chemical analyses demonstrate that these pseudotachylite glasses were generated by frictional flash melting, where host rock phases melt individually. Biotite is the least resistant to melting, feldspar intermediate, and quartz is the most resistant. The peudotachylite glass generated in these experiments has an alkaline composition, is depleted in SiO2 compared to the bulk host-rock, and shows heterogeneous compositions in a single sample related to proximity to host-rock minerals. The percentage contributions of host rock phases to the melt, calculated by a mixing model, shows that glass compositions are dominated by plagioclase and biotite. Within the melt, margins of clasts were dissolved uniformly by diffusion and/or affected by marginal decrepitation, resulting in convex and round shapes with convexities averaging ∼0.8 and circularities averaging ∼0.65.

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