scholarly journals Ambient observations of dimers from terpene oxidation in the gas phase: Implications for new particle formation and growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 2958-2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mohr ◽  
Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker ◽  
Taina Yli-Juuti ◽  
Arto Heitto ◽  
Anna Lutz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Terpene Oxidation ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

NEW PARTICLE FORMATION AND GROWTH: EVENT PARAMETRISATION AND RELATIONS TO GAS PHASE PRECURSORS AND METEOROLOGY

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 609-610
Author(s):  
W. Birmili ◽  
H. Berresheim ◽  
C. Plass-Dülmer ◽  
T. Elste ◽  
A. Wiedensohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Growth Event ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

scholarly journals SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation products other than H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> as a trigger of new particle formation. Part 1: Laboratory investigations

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 6365-6374 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Berndt ◽  
F. Stratmann ◽  
S. Bräsel ◽  
J. Heintzenberg ◽  
A. Laaksonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

Abstract. Mechanistic investigations of atmospheric H2SO4 particle formation have been performed in a laboratory study taking either H2SO4 from a liquid reservoir or using the gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with SO2. Applying both approaches for H2SO4 generation simultaneously it was found that H2SO4 evaporated from the liquid reservoir acts considerably less effective for the process of particle formation and growth than the products originating from the reaction of OH radicals with SO2. Furthermore, for NOx concentrations >5×1011 molecule cm−3 the formation of new particles from the reaction of OH radicals with SO2 is inhibited. This suggests that substances other than H2SO4 (potentially products from sulphur-containing peroxy radicals) trigger lower tropospheric new particle formation and growth. The currently accepted mechanism for SO2 gas-phase oxidation does not consider the formation of such substances. The analysis of new particle formation for different reaction conditions in our experiment suggests that a contribution of impurities to the nucleation process is unlikely.

scholarly journals SO<sub>2</sub> oxidation products other than H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> as a trigger of new particle formation – Part 1: Laboratory investigations

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9761-9782 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Berndt ◽  
F. Stratmann ◽  
S. Bräsel ◽  
J. Heintzenberg ◽  
A. Laaksonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Peroxy Radicals ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Gas Phase Oxidation ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

Abstract. Mechanistic investigations of atmospheric H2SO4 particle formation have been performed in a laboratory study taking either H2SO4 from a liquid reservoir or using the gas-phase reaction of OH radicals with SO2. Applying both approaches for H2SO4 generation simultaneously we found that H2SO4 evaporated from the liquid reservoir acts considerably less effective for the process of particle formation and growth than the products originating from the reaction of OH radicals with SO2. Furthermore, for NOx concentrations >5×1011 molecule cm−3 the formation of new particles from the reaction of OH radicals with SO2 is inhibited. This suggests that substances other than H2SO4 (likely products from sulphur-containing peroxy radicals) trigger lower tropospheric new particle formation and growth. The currently accepted mechanism for SO2 gas-phase oxidation does not consider the formation of such substances making a revision necessary.

Connection of organics to atmospheric new particle formation and growth at an urban site of Beijing

2015 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.B. Wang ◽  
M. Hu ◽  
X.Y. Pei ◽  
R.Y. Zhang ◽  
P. Paasonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Formation ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

scholarly journals Hygroscopic properties of ultrafine aerosol particles in the boreal forest: diurnal variation, solubility and the influence of sulfuric acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ehn ◽  
T. Petäjä ◽  
H. Aufmhoff ◽  
P. Aalto ◽  
K. Hämeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Hygroscopic Properties

Abstract. The hygroscopic growth of aerosol particles present in a boreal forest was measured at a relative humidity of 88%. Simultaneously the gas phase concentration of sulfuric acid, a very hygroscopic compound, was monitored. The focus was mainly on days with new particle formation by nucleation. The measured hygroscopic growth factors (GF) correlated positively with the gaseous phase sulfuric acid concentrations. The smaller the particles, the stronger the correlation, with r=0.20 for 50 nm and r=0.50 for 10 nm particles. The increase in GF due to condensing sulfuric acid is expected to be larger for particles with initially smaller masses. During new particle formation, the changes in solubility of the new particles were calculated during their growth to Aitken mode sizes. As the modal diameter increased, the solubility of the particles decreased. This indicated that the initial particle growth was due to more hygroscopic compounds, whereas the later growth during the evening and night was mainly caused by less hygroscopic or even hydrophobic compounds. For all the measured sizes, a diurnal variation in GF was observed both during days with and without particle formation. The GF was lowest at around midnight, with a mean value of 1.12–1.24 depending on particle size and if new particle formation occurred during the day, and increased to 1.25–1.34 around noon. This can be tentatively explained by day- and nighttime gas-phase chemistry; different vapors will be present depending on the time of day, and through condensation these compounds will alter the hygroscopic properties of the particles in different ways.

scholarly journals Atmospheric new particle formation at the research station Melpitz, Germany: connection with gaseous precursors and meteorological parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1835-1861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Größ ◽  
Amar Hamed ◽  
André Sonntag ◽  
Gerald Spindler ◽  
Hanna Elina Manninen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Research Station ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Automated Method

Abstract. This paper revisits the atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) process in the polluted Central European troposphere, focusing on the connection with gas-phase precursors and meteorological parameters. Observations were made at the research station Melpitz (former East Germany) between 2008 and 2011 involving a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS). Particle formation events were classified by a new automated method based on the convolution integral of particle number concentration in the diameter interval 2–20 nm. To study the relevance of gaseous sulfuric acid as a precursor for nucleation, a proxy was derived on the basis of direct measurements during a 1-month campaign in May 2008. As a major result, the number concentration of freshly produced particles correlated significantly with the concentration of sulfur dioxide as the main precursor of sulfuric acid. The condensation sink, a factor potentially inhibiting NPF events, played a subordinate role only. The same held for experimentally determined ammonia concentrations. The analysis of meteorological parameters confirmed the absolute need for solar radiation to induce NPF events and demonstrated the presence of significant turbulence during those events. Due to its tight correlation with solar radiation, however, an independent effect of turbulence for NPF could not be established. Based on the diurnal evolution of aerosol, gas-phase, and meteorological parameters near the ground, we further conclude that the particle formation process is likely to start in elevated parts of the boundary layer rather than near ground level.

scholarly journals New particle formation, growth and apparent shrinkage at a rural background site in western Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (16) ◽  
pp. 10537-10555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simo Hakala ◽  
Mansour A. Alghamdi ◽  
Pauli Paasonen ◽  
Ville Vakkari ◽  
Mamdouh I. Khoder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Rural Background ◽  
Background Site ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth ◽  
Condensation Sink

Abstract. Atmospheric aerosols have significant effects on human health and the climate. A large fraction of these aerosols originates from secondary new particle formation (NPF), where atmospheric vapors form small particles that subsequently grow into larger sizes. In this study, we characterize NPF events observed at a rural background site of Hada Al Sham (21.802∘ N, 39.729∘ E), located in western Saudi Arabia, during the years 2013–2015. Our analysis shows that NPF events occur very frequently at the site, as 73 % of all the 454 classified days were NPF days. The high NPF frequency is likely explained by the typically prevailing conditions of clear skies and high solar radiation, in combination with sufficient amounts of precursor vapors for particle formation and growth. Several factors suggest that in Hada Al Sham these precursor vapors are related to the transport of anthropogenic emissions from the coastal urban and industrial areas. The median particle formation and growth rates for the NPF days were 8.7 cm−3 s−1 (J7 nm) and 7.4 nm h−1 (GR7−12 nm), respectively, both showing highest values during late summer. Interestingly, the formation and growth rates increase as a function of the condensation sink, likely reflecting the common anthropogenic sources of NPF precursor vapors and primary particles affecting the condensation sink. A total of 76 % of the NPF days showed an unusual progression, where the observed diameter of the newly formed particle mode started to decrease after the growth phase. In comparison to most long-term measurements, the NPF events in Hada Al Sham are exceptionally frequent and strong both in terms of formation and growth rates. In addition, the frequency of the decreasing mode diameter events is higher than anywhere else in the world.

scholarly journals Seasonal Characteristics of New Particle Formation and Growth in Urban Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (14) ◽  
pp. 8547-8557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenjuan Deng ◽  
Yueyun Fu ◽  
Lubna Dada ◽  
Chao Yan ◽  
Runlong Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Formation ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Particle Formation And Growth

scholarly journals The role of VOC oxidation products in continental new particle formation

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2657-2665 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laaksonen ◽  
M. Kulmala ◽  
C. D. O'Dowd ◽  
J. Joutsensaari ◽  
P. Vaattovaara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Voc Oxidation

Abstract. Aerosol physical and chemical properties and trace gas concentrations were measured during the QUEST field campaign in March–April 2003, in Hyytiälä, Finland. Our aim was to understand the role of oxidation products of VOC's such as mono- and sesquiterpenes in atmospheric nucleation events. Particle chemical compositions were measured using the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer, and chemical compositions of aerosol samples collected with low-pressure impactors and a high volume sampler were analysed using a number of techniques. The results indicate that during and after new particle formation, all particles larger than 50 nm in diameter contained similar organic substances that are likely to be mono- and sesquiterpene oxidation products. The oxidation products identified in the high volume samples were shown to be mostly aldehydes. In order to study the composition of particles in the 10–50 nm range, we made use of Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer results. We found that during nucleation events, both 10 and 50 nm particle growth factors due to uptake of ethanol vapour correlate strongly with gas-phase monoterpene oxidation product (MTOP) concentrations, indicating that the organic constituents of particles smaller than 50 nm in diameter are at least partly similar to those of larger particles. We furthermore showed that particle growth rates during the nucleation events are correlated with the gas-phase MTOP concentrations. This indicates that VOC oxidation products may have a key role in determining the spatial and temporal features of the nucleation events. This conclusion was supported by our aircraft measurements of new 3–10 nm particle concentrations, which showed that the nucleation event on 28 March 2003, started at the ground layer, i.e. near the VOC source, and evolved together with the mixed layer. Furthermore, no new particle formation was detected upwind away from the forest, above the frozen Gulf of Bothnia.

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