Harmonization based on regulatory science between scientific and commercial radio uses in a case of ultrawideband radio

Ryuji Kohno; Jari Iinatti; Keiko Sameshima

doi:10.1002/2016rs006097

Developing Global Biotechnology Enterprise, Entrepreneurship and Regulatory Science Programs: Profile from the Center for Biotechnology Education at Johns Hopkins University

Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship ◽

10.2174/2213809904666170804151156 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Lynn Johnson Langer

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Science ◽

Johns Hopkins University

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Advancing UK Regulatory Science Strategy in the Context of Global Regulation: a Stakeholder Survey

Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science ◽

10.1007/s43441-021-00263-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samantha Cruz Rivera ◽

Barbara Torlinska ◽

Eliot Marston ◽

Alastair K. Denniston ◽

Kathy Oliver ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pay For Performance ◽

Regulatory Science ◽

International Strategy ◽

Free Text ◽

The European Union ◽

Accurate Definition ◽

Definition Of ◽

Healthcare Innovation ◽

The Uk ◽

Medium Enterprises

Abstract Background The UK’s transition from the European Union creates both an urgent need and key opportunity for the UK and its global collaborators to consider new approaches to the regulation of emerging technologies, underpinned by regulatory science. This survey aimed to identify the most accurate definition of regulatory science, to define strategic areas of the regulation of healthcare innovation which can be informed through regulatory science and to explore the training and infrastructure needed to advance UK and international regulatory science. Methods A survey was distributed to UK healthcare professionals, academics, patients, health technology assessment agencies, ethicists and trade associations, as well as international regulators, pharmaceutical companies and small or medium enterprises which have expertise in regulatory science and in developing or applying regulation in healthcare. Subsequently, a descriptive quantitative analyses of survey results and directed thematic analysis of free-text comments were applied. Results Priority areas for UK regulatory science identified by 145 participants included the following: flexibility: the capability of regulations to adapt to novel products and target patient outcomes; co-development: collaboration across sectors, e.g. patients, manufacturers, regulators, and educators working together to develop appropriate training for novel product deployment; responsiveness: the preparation of frameworks which enable timely innovation required by emerging events; speed: the rate at which new products can reach the market; reimbursement: developing effective tools to track and evaluate outcomes for “pay for performance” products; and education and professional development. Conclusions The UK has a time-critical opportunity to establish its national and international strategy for regulatory science leadership by harnessing broader academic input, developing strategic cross-sector collaborations, incorporating patients’ experiences and perspectives, and investing in a skilled workforce.

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Surveillance of U.S. Corporate Filings Provides a Proactive Approach to Inform Tobacco Regulatory Research Strategy

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18063067 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 3067

Author(s):

Samantha Emma Sarles ◽

Edward C. Hensel ◽

Risa J. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Electronic Cigarettes ◽

Science Research ◽

The United States ◽

Regulatory Science ◽

Product Launch ◽

High Tech ◽

Proactive Approach ◽

Research Questions ◽

The U.S ◽

Regulatory Actions

The popularity of electronic cigarettes in the United States and around the world has led to a startling rise in youth nicotine use. The Juul® e-cigarette was introduced in the U.S. market in 2015 and had captured approximately 13% of the U.S. market by 2017. Unlike many other contemporary electronic cigarette companies, the founders behind the Juul® e-cigarette approached their product launch like a traditional high-tech start-up company, not like a tobacco company. This article presents a case study of Juul’s corporate and product development history in the context of US regulatory actions. The objective of this article is to demonstrate the value of government-curated archives as leading indicators which can (a) provide insight into emergent technologies and (b) inform emergent regulatory science research questions. A variety of sources were used to gather data about the Juul® e-cigarette and the corporations that surround it. Sources included government agencies, published academic literature, non-profit organizations, corporate and retail websites, and the popular press. Data were disambiguated, authenticated, and categorized prior to being placed on a timeline of events. A timeline of four significant milestones, nineteen corporate filings and events, twelve US regulatory actions, sixty-four patent applications, eighty-seven trademark applications, twenty-three design patents and thirty-two utility patents related to Juul Labs and its associates is presented, spanning the years 2004 through 2020. This work demonstrates the probative value of findings from patent, trademark, and SEC filing literature in establishing a premise for emergent regulatory science research questions which may not yet be supported by traditional archival research literature. The methods presented here can be used to identify key aspects of emerging technologies before products actually enter the market; this shifting policy formulation and problem identification from a paradigm of being reactive in favor of becoming proactive. Such a proactive approach may permit anticipatory regulatory science research and ultimately shorten the elapsed time between market technology innovation and regulatory response.

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Making the Case for Regulatory Science in Agriculture

ACS Agricultural Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/acsagscitech.1c00011 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Danesha G. Seth Carley ◽

Kevin L. Armbrust

Keyword(s):

Regulatory Science

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The case for reviewing broadcasting co-regulation

Media International Australia ◽

10.1177/1329878x211005524 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1329878X2110055

Author(s):

Karen Lee ◽

Derek Wilding

Keyword(s):

Consumer Protection ◽

Commercial Television ◽

Protection Measures ◽

Digital Platforms ◽

Communications Policy ◽

Codes Of Practice ◽

Holistic Review ◽

Wide Range ◽

Commercial Radio ◽

Rule Making

This article applies principles from the Department of Communications’ policy review of telecommunications consumer protection to broadcasting co-regulation. The Consumer Safeguards Review establishes six principles for good regulation, including that rule-making processes should ‘enable a wide range of views to be considered’. It notes that processes for developing telecommunications codes of practice are likely to lead to ‘sub-optimal’ consumer protection measures. The article draws on original empirical research to assess development of commercial television and commercial radio codes of practice, with particular emphasis on public engagement in co-regulation. It finds the broadcasting codes of practice fail to meet the principles adopted by the Department for good co-regulation. It concludes by arguing there is a pressing need for a more holistic review of communications co-regulation, as broadcasting legislation is similar to the telecommunications legislation, and there is a risk that ‘sub-optimal’ practices could be applied in attempts to regulate digital platforms.

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Longitudinal Analysis of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Clinical Trials: Applications of Multilevel and Multidimensional Item Response Theory

Psychometrika ◽

10.1007/s11336-021-09777-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li Cai ◽

Carrie R. Houts

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Latent Variable ◽

Patient Reported Outcomes ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Latent Variable Models ◽

Trial Data ◽

Regulatory Science ◽

Measurement Information ◽

Patient Reported

AbstractWith decades of advance research and recent developments in the drug and medical device regulatory approval process, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are becoming increasingly important in clinical trials. While clinical trial analyses typically treat scores from PROs as observed variables, the potential to use latent variable models when analyzing patient responses in clinical trial data presents novel opportunities for both psychometrics and regulatory science. An accessible overview of analyses commonly used to analyze longitudinal trial data and statistical models familiar in both psychometrics and biometrics, such as growth models, multilevel models, and latent variable models, is provided to call attention to connections and common themes among these models that have found use across many research areas. Additionally, examples using empirical data from a randomized clinical trial provide concrete demonstrations of the implementation of these models. The increasing availability of high-quality, psychometrically rigorous assessment instruments in clinical trials, of which the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) is a prominent example, provides rare possibilities for psychometrics to help improve the statistical tools used in regulatory science.

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