scholarly journals Seasonal Patterns of Dry Deposition at a High-Elevation Site in the Colorado Rocky Mountains

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (20) ◽  
pp. 11,183-11,200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaley M. Oldani ◽  
Natalie Mladenov ◽  
Mark W. Williams ◽  
Cari M. Campbell ◽  
David A. Lipson
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
High Elevation Site ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

scholarly journals Sex and Nest Type Influence Avian Blood Parasite Prevalence in a High Elevation Bird Community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina D. Rodriguez ◽  
Paul F. Doherty ◽  
Antoinette J. Piaggio ◽  
Kathryn P. Huyvaert
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Avian Blood ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

Abstract Background - Prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites and the factors influencing infection in the Colorado Rocky Mountains are largely unknown. With climate change expected to promote the expansion of vector and avian blood parasite distributions, baseline knowledge and continued monitoring of the prevalence and diversity of these parasites is needed. Methods - Using an occupancy modeling framework, we conducted a survey of haemosporidian parasite species infecting an avian community in the Colorado Rocky Mountains in order to estimate prevalence and diversity of blood parasites and to investigate species-level and individual-level characteristics that may influence infection. Results - We estimated prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidia across 24 bird species, detecting 39 parasite haplotypes. We found that open cup nesters have higher Haemoproteus prevalence than cavity or ground nesters. Additionally, we found that male Ruby-crowned Kinglets, White-crowned Sparrows, and Wilson’s Warblers have higher Haemoproteus prevalence compared to other host species. Conclusions - Our study presents baseline knowledge of haemosporidian parasite presence, prevalence, and diversity among avian species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and adds to our knowledge of host-parasite relationships of blood parasites and their avian hosts.

scholarly journals Dust deposition drives microbial metabolism in a remote, high-elevation catchment

The Holocene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Bigelow ◽  
Natalie Mladenov ◽  
David Lipson ◽  
Mark Williams
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Microbial Metabolism ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Dust Deposition ◽  
Fluorescence Excitation ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains ◽  
Over Time

In barren alpine catchments of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, microorganisms are typically carbon (C)-limited, and C-limitation can influence critical heterotrophic processes, such as denitrification. In these remote locations, organic matter deposited during dust intrusion events and other forms of aerosol deposition may be an important C source for heterotrophs; however, little is known regarding the biodegradability of atmospherically deposited organic matter. This study evaluated the extent to which organic matter in Holocene dust and other types of atmospheric deposition in the Colorado Rocky Mountains could support metabolic activity and be biodegraded by alpine bacteria. Microplate bioassays revealed that all atmospheric deposition samples were able to activate microbial metabolism. Decreases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations over time in biodegradability incubations reflect the presence of two pools of dissolved organic matter (DOM), a rapidly decaying pool with rate constants in the range of 0.0130–0.039 d–1 and a slowly decaying pool with rate constants in the range of 0.0008–0.009 d–1. Changes in the fluorescence excitation-emission matrix of solutions evaluated over time indicated a transformation of organic matter by bacteria resulting in a more humic-like fluorescence signature. Fluorescence spectroscopic analyses, therefore, suggest that the degradation of non-fluorescent DOM in glutamate and dust-derived C sources by bacteria results in the production of fluorescent DOM.

Observations on Wet and Dry Deposition to Foliage at a High Elevation Site

1988 ◽  
pp. 615-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Schuepp ◽  
D. N. McGerrigle ◽  
H. G. Leighton ◽  
G. Paquette ◽  
R. S. Schemenauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Wet And Dry Deposition ◽  
High Elevation Site

scholarly journals Sex and nest type influence avian blood parasite prevalence in a high-elevation bird community

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina D. Rodriguez ◽  
Paul F. Doherty ◽  
Antoinette J. Piaggio ◽  
Kathryn P. Huyvaert
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Avian Blood ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

Abstract Background The prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites and the factors influencing infection in the Colorado Rocky Mountains are largely unknown. With climate change expected to promote the expansion of vector and avian blood parasite distributions, baseline knowledge and continued monitoring of the prevalence and diversity of these parasites is needed. Methods Using an occupancy modeling framework, we conducted a survey of haemosporidian parasite species infecting an avian community in the Colorado Rocky Mountains in order to estimate the prevalence and diversity of blood parasites and to investigate species-level and individual-level characteristics that may influence infection. Results We estimated the prevalence and diversity of avian Haemosporidia across 24 bird species, detecting 39 parasite haplotypes. We found that open-cup nesters have higher Haemoproteus prevalence than cavity or ground nesters. Additionally, we found that male Ruby-crowned Kinglets, White-crowned Sparrows, and Wilson’s Warblers have higher Haemoproteus prevalence compared to other host species. Plasmodium prevalence was relatively low (5%), consistent with the idea that competent vectors may be rare at high altitudes. Conclusions Our study presents baseline knowledge of haemosporidian parasite presence, prevalence, and diversity among avian species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and adds to our knowledge of host–parasite relationships of blood parasites and their avian hosts.

scholarly journals Sex and nest type influence avian blood parasite prevalence in a high elevation bird community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina D. Rodriguez ◽  
Paul F. Doherty ◽  
Antoinette J. Piaggio ◽  
Kathryn P. Huyvaert
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Avian Blood ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

Abstract Background - Prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites and the factors influencing infection in the Colorado Rocky Mountains are largely unknown. With climate change expected to promote the expansion of vector and avian blood parasite distributions, baseline knowledge and continued monitoring of the prevalence and diversity of these parasites is needed. Methods - Using an occupancy modeling framework, we conducted a survey of haemosporidian parasite species infecting an avian community in the Colorado Rocky Mountains in order to estimate prevalence and diversity of blood parasites and to investigate species-level and individual-level characteristics that may influence infection. Results - We estimated prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidia across 24 bird species, detecting 39 parasite haplotypes. We found that open cup nesters have higher Haemoproteus prevalence than cavity or ground nesters. Additionally, we found that male Ruby-crowned Kinglets, White-crowned Sparrows, and Wilson’s Warblers have higher Haemoproteus prevalence compared to other host species. Conclusions - Our study presents baseline knowledge of haemosporidian parasite presence, prevalence, and diversity among avian species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and adds to our knowledge of host-parasite relationships of blood parasites and their avian hosts.

scholarly journals Atmospheric deposition as a source of carbon and nutrients to an alpine catchment of the Colorado Rocky Mountains

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 3337-3355 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mladenov ◽  
M. W. Williams ◽  
S. K. Schmidt ◽  
K. Cawley
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Green Lake ◽  
C Input ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

Abstract. Many alpine areas are experiencing deglaciation, biogeochemical changes driven by temperature rise, and changes in atmospheric deposition. There is mounting evidence that the water quality of alpine streams may be related to these changes, including rising atmospheric deposition of carbon (C) and nutrients. Given that barren alpine soils can be severely C limited, atmospheric deposition sources may be an important source of C and nutrients for these environments. We evaluated the magnitude of atmospheric deposition of C and nutrients to an alpine site, the Green Lake 4 catchment in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Using a long-term dataset (2002–2010) of weekly atmospheric wet deposition and snowpack chemistry, we found that volume weighted mean dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were 1.12 ± 0.19 mg l−1, and weekly concentrations reached peaks as high at 6–10 mg l−1 every summer. Total dissolved nitrogen concentration also peaked in the summer, whereas total dissolved phosphorus and calcium concentrations were highest in the spring. To investigate potential sources of C in atmospheric deposition, we evaluated the chemical quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and relationships between DOM and other solutes in wet deposition. Relationships between DOC concentration, fluorescence, and nitrate and sulfate concentrations suggest that pollutants from nearby urban and agricultural sources and organic aerosols derived from sub-alpine vegetation may influence high summer DOC wet deposition concentrations. Interestingly, high DOC concentrations were also recorded during "dust-in-snow" events in the spring, which may reflect an association of DOM with dust. Detailed chemical and spectroscopic analyses conducted for samples collected in 2010 revealed that the DOM in many late spring and summer samples was less aromatic and polydisperse and of lower molecular weight than that of winter and fall samples. Our C budget estimates for the Green Lake 4 catchment illustrated that wet deposition (9.9 kg C ha−1 yr−1) and dry deposition (6.9 kg C ha−1 yr−1) were a combined input of approximately 17 kg C ha−1 yr−1, which could be as high as 24 kg C ha−1 yr−1 in high dust years. This atmospheric C input approached the C input from microbial autotrophic production in barren soils. Atmospheric wet and dry deposition also contributed 4.3 kg N ha−1 yr−1, 0.15 kg P ha−1 yr−1, and 2.7 kg Ca2+ ha−1 yr−1 to this alpine catchment.

scholarly journals Sex and nest type influence avian blood parasite prevalence in a high elevation bird community

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina D. Rodriguez ◽  
Paul F. Doherty ◽  
Antoinette J. Piaggio ◽  
Kathryn P. Huyvaert
Keyword(s):  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasite ◽  
Avian Blood ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains

Abstract Background - Prevalence of avian haemosporidian parasites and the factors influencing infection in the Colorado Rocky Mountains are largely unknown. With climate change expected to promote the expansion of vector and avian blood parasite distributions, baseline knowledge and continued monitoring of the prevalence and diversity of these parasites is needed. Methods - Using an occupancy modeling framework, we conducted a survey of haemosporidian parasite species infecting an avian community in the Colorado Rocky Mountains in order to estimate prevalence and diversity of blood parasites and to investigate species-level and individual-level characteristics that may influence infection. Results - We estimated prevalence and diversity of avian haemosporidia across 24 bird species, detecting 39 parasite haplotypes. We found that open cup nesters have higher Haemoproteus prevalence than cavity or ground nesters. Additionally, we found that male Ruby-crowned Kinglets, White-crowned Sparrows, and Wilson’s Warblers have higher Haemoproteus prevalence compared to other host species. Plasmodium prevalence was relatively low (5%), consistent with the idea that competent vectors may be rare at high altitudes. Conclusions - Our study presents baseline knowledge of haemosporidian parasite presence, prevalence, and diversity among avian species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and adds to our knowledge of host-parasite relationships of blood parasites and their avian hosts.

Stable Isotopes in Yellow-Bellied Marmot (Marmota Flaviventris) Fossils Reveal Environmental Stability in the Late Quaternary of the Colorado Rocky Mountains

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. Reynard ◽  
David J. Meltzer ◽  
Steven D. Emslie ◽  
Noreen Tuross
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Marmota Flaviventris ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains ◽  
Over Time

High elevation plant and animal communities are considered extremely sensitive to environmental change. We investigated an exceptional fossil record of yellow-bellied marmot (Marmota flaviventris) specimens that was recovered from Cement Creek Cave (elev. 2860 m) and ranged in age from radiocarbon background circa 49.8 cal ka BP to ~ 1 cal ka BP. We coupled isotopic and radiocarbon measurements (δ18O, δD, δ15N, δ13C, and 14C) of bone collagen from individually-AMS dated specimens of marmots to assess ecological responses by this species to environmental change over time in a high elevation basin in the Rocky Mountains of southwestern Colorado, USA. We find little change in all four isotope ratios over time, demonstrating considerable environmental stability during periods when the marmots were present. The stable ecology and the apparent persistence of the small mammal community in the cave fauna throughout the late Quaternary are in marked contrast to the changes that occurred in the large mammal community, including local extirpation and extinction, at the end of the Pleistocene.

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