scholarly journals Should flood regimes change in a warming climate? The role of antecedent moisture conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (14) ◽  
pp. 7556-7563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitsum Woldemeskel ◽  
Ashish Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

scholarly journals The role of antecedent soil moisture conditions on rainfall-triggered shallow landslides

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Lazzari ◽  
Marco Piccarreta ◽  
Salvatore Manfreda
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Antecedent Soil Moisture ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

Abstract. Rainfall-triggered shallow landslides have caused losses of human life and millions of euros in damage to property in all parts of the world. The need to prevent such phenomena combined with the difficulty to describe the geo-physical processes over large scales led to the adoption of empirical rainfall thresholds derived from the observed relationship between rainfall intensity/duration and landslide occurrence. These thresholds are generally obtained neglecting the role of the antecedent moisture conditions that should be taken into consideration. In the present manuscript, we explored the role of antecedent soil moisture on the critical rainfall intensity–duration thresholds highlighting its critical impact. Therefore, traditional approaches that neglect such parameter may have a limited value in the early-warning systems. This study was carried out using a record of 326 landslides occurred in the last 18 years in the Basilicata region (southern Italy). Besides the ordinary data (i.e. rainstorm intensity and duration), we also derived the antecedent moisture conditions using a parsimonious hydrological model.

Simulating Antecedent Moisture Conditions to Calibrate Rainfall Derived Inflow and Infiltration for Sanitary Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (16) ◽  
pp. 1296-1317
Author(s):  
Ben Gamble ◽  
Eric Saylor ◽  
Joseph Koran ◽  
Susan Moisio ◽  
Nancy Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

scholarly journals A case study on the use of appropriate surrogates for antecedent moisture conditions (AMCs)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3329-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Ali ◽  
A. G. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Models ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Triggering Conditions ◽  
Linear And Nonlinear ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

Abstract. While a large number of non-linear hillslope and catchment rainfall-runoff responses have been attributed to the temporal variability in antecedent moisture conditions (AMCs), two problems emerge: 1) the difficulty of measuring AMCs, and 2) the absence of explicit guidelines for the choice of surrogates or proxies for AMCs. This paper aims at determining whether or not multiple surrogates for AMCs should be used in order not to bias our understanding of a system hydrological behaviour. We worked in a small forested catchment, the Hermine, where soil moisture has been measured at 121 different locations at four depths on 16 occasions. Without making any assumption on active processes, we used various linear and nonlinear regression models to evaluate the point-scale temporal relations between actual soil moisture contents and selected meteorological-based surrogates for AMCs. We then mapped the nature of the "best fit" model to identify 1) spatial clusters of soil moisture monitoring sites whose hydrological behaviour was similar, and 2) potential topographic influences on these behaviours. Two conclusions stood out. Firstly, it was shown that the sole reference to AMCs indices traditionally used in catchment hydrology, namely antecedent rainfall amounts summed over periods of seven or ten days, would have led to an incomplete understanding of the Hermine catchment dynamics. Secondly, the relationships between point-scale soil moisture content and surrogates for AMCs were not spatially homogeneous, thus revealing a mosaic of linear and nonlinear catchment "active" and "contributing" sources whose location was often controlled by surface terrain attributes or the topography of a soil-confining layer interface. These results represent a step forward in developing a hydrological conceptual model for the Hermine catchment as they indicate depth-specific processes and spatially-variable triggering conditions. Further investigations are, however, necessary in order to derive general guidelines for the choice of the best surrogates for AMCs in a catchment.

scholarly journals Storm Dissolved Organic Carbon Dynamics in an Artificially Drained Watershed of the US Midwest

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. ASWR.S9973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe G. Vidon ◽  
Hilary A Hubbard ◽  
Pilar E. Cuadra ◽  
Matthew L. Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Agricultural Watershed ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Tile Drains ◽  
The Us ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Subsurface Drains ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

This study investigates changes in the nature, concentrations, and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in tile drains (aka subsurface drains), overland flow, and stream flow for 6 spring storms in an artificially drained agricultural watershed. For moderate size storms, DOC concentrations are primarily affected by variations in antecedent moisture conditions. Generally, DOC concentrations and aromaticity increase with flow, especially for storms associated with high antecedent moisture conditions. A shift in the source of DOC to the stream and tile drains from low aromaticity DOC at baseflow, to more aromatic DOC during storms was observed. Data indicates that increases in the frequency and intensity of large precipitation events as well as wetter conditions in spring would likely lead not only to an increase in DOC fluxes (simply because of higher discharge) but also to an increase in the amount of DOC exported for every unit of flow.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Importance of Antecedent Fuel-Related Vegetation Properties for Burnt Area using Random Forests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kuhn-Régnier ◽  
Apostolos Voulgarakis ◽  
Peer Nowack ◽  
Matthias Forkel ◽  
I. Colin Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Burnt Area ◽  
Antecedent Conditions ◽  
Antecedent Moisture ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
Fuel Accumulation ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Antecedent Moisture Conditions

Abstract. The seasonal and longer-term dynamics of fuel accumulation affect fire seasonality and the occurrence of extreme wildfires. Failure to account for their influence may help to explain why state-of-the-art fire models do not simulate the length and timing of the fire season or interannual variability in burnt area well. We investigated the impact of accounting for different timescales of fuel production and accumulation on burnt area using a suite of random forest regression models that included the immediate impact of climate, vegetation, and human influences in a given month, and tested the impact of various combinations of antecedent conditions in four productivity-related vegetation indices and in antecedent moisture conditions. Analyses were conducted for the period from 2010 to 2015 inclusive. We showed that the inclusion of antecedent vegetation conditions on timescales > 1 yr had no impact on burnt area, but inclusion of antecedent vegetation conditions representing fuel build-up led to an improvement of the global, climatological out-of-sample R2 from 0.567 to 0.686. The inclusion of antecedent moisture conditions also improved the simulation of burnt area through its influence on fuel build-up, which is additional to the influence of current moisture levels on fuel drying. The length of the period which needs to be considered to account for fuel build-up varies across biomes; fuel-limited regions are sensitive to antecedent conditions over longer time periods (~4 months) and moisture-limited regions are more sensitive to current conditions.

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