scholarly journals Possible stick-slip behavior before the Rausu landslide inferred from repeating seismic events

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (17) ◽  
pp. 9038-9044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumi Yamada ◽  
Jim Mori ◽  
Yuki Matsushi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Events ◽  
Stick Slip

What allows seismic events to grow big?: Insights from b-value and fault roughness analysis in laboratory stick-slip experiments

Geology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 815-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H.W. Goebel ◽  
Grzegorz Kwiatek ◽  
Thorsten W. Becker ◽  
Emily E. Brodsky ◽  
Georg Dresen
Keyword(s):  
B Value ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Fault Roughness ◽  
Roughness Analysis

scholarly journals The effect of salt in dilatant faults on rates and magnitudes of induced seismicity – first results building on the geological setting of the Groningen Rotliegend reservoirs

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. s87-s104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kettermann ◽  
Steffen Abe ◽  
Alexander F. Raith ◽  
Jan de Jager ◽  
Janos L. Urai
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Shear Loading ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Fault Mechanics ◽  
Stick Slip

AbstractThe presence of salt in dilatant normal faults may have a strong influence on fault mechanics in the Groningen field and on the related induced seismicity. At present, little is known of the structure of these fault zones. This study starts with the geological evolution of the Groningen area, where, during tectonic faulting, rock salt may have migrated downwards into dilatant faults. These fault zones therefore may contain inclusions of rock salt. Because of its rate-dependent mechanical properties, the presence of salt in a fault may introduce a loading-rate dependency into fault movement and affect the distribution of magnitudes of seismic events. We present a first-look study showing how these processes can be investigated using a combination of analogue and numerical modelling. Full scaling of the models and quantification of implications for induced seismicity in Groningen require further, more detailed studies: an understanding of fault zone structure in the Groningen field is required for improved predictions of induced seismicity. The analogue experiments are based on a simplified stratigraphy of the Groningen area, where it is generally thought that most of the Rotliegend faulting has taken place in the Jurassic, after deposition of the Zechstein. This suggests that, at the time of faulting, the sulphates were already transformed into brittle anhydrite. If these layers were sufficiently brittle to fault in a dilatant fashion, rock salt was able to flow downwards into the dilatant fractures. To test this hypothesis, we use sandbox experiments where we combine cohesive powder as analogue for brittle anhydrites and carbonates with viscous salt analogues to explore the developing fault geometry and the resulting distribution of salt in the faults. Using the observations from analogue models as input, numerical models investigate the stick-slip behaviour of fault zones containing ductile material qualitatively with the discrete element method (DEM). Results show that the DEM approach is suitable for modelling the seismicity of faults containing salt. The stick-slip motion of the fault becomes dependent on shear loading rate with a modification of the frequency–magnitude distribution of the generated seismic events.

scholarly journals Numerical evidences of almost convergence of wave speeds for the Burridge–Knopoff model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mascia ◽  
P. Moschetta
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Approximation ◽  
Seismic Event ◽  
Numerical Estimate ◽  
Propagation Speed ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Almost Convergence ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Wave Speeds ◽  
Temporal Averaging ◽  
Predictor Corrector

AbstractThis paper deals with the numerical approximation of a stick–slip system, known in the literature as Burridge–Knopoff model, proposed as a simplified description of the mechanisms generating earthquakes. Modelling of friction is crucial and we consider here the so-called velocity-weakening form. The aim of the article is twofold. Firstly, we establish the effectiveness of the classical Predictor–Corrector strategy. To our knowledge, such approach has never been applied to the model under investigation. In the first part, we determine the reliability of the proposed strategy by comparing the results with a collection of significant computational tests, starting from the simplest configuration to the more complicated (and more realistic) ones, with the numerical outputs obtained by different algorithms. Particular emphasis is laid on the Gutenberg–Richter statistical law, a classical empirical benchmark for seismic events. The second part is inspired by the result by Muratov (Phys Rev 59:3847–3857, 1999) providing evidence for the existence of traveling solutions for a corresponding continuum version of the Burridge–Knopoff model. In this direction, we aim to find some appropriate estimate for the crucial object describing the wave, namely its propagation speed. To this aim, motivated by LeVeque and Yee (J Comput Phys 86:187–210, 1990) (a paper dealing with the different topic of conservation laws), we apply a space-averaged quantity (which depends on time) for determining asymptotically an explicit numerical estimate for the velocity, which we decide to name LeVeque–Yee formula after the authors’ name of the original paper. As expected, for the Burridge–Knopoff, due to its inherent discontinuity of the process, it is not possible to attach to a single seismic event any specific propagation speed. More regularity is expected by performing some temporal averaging in the spirit of the Cesàro mean. In this direction, we observe the numerical evidence of the almost convergence of the wave speeds for the Burridge–Knopoff model of earthquakes.

scholarly journals Seismic Evidence for Discrete Glacier Motion at the Rock–Ice Interface

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (89) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Weaver ◽  
Stephen D. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Glacier Motion ◽  
Ice Avalanche

Abstract Seismic monitoring on three Cascade volcanoes in Washington State, U.S.A., has shown that small seismic events are generated by the active glaciers found on each mountain. Detailed seismic experiments have been conducted to investigate the sources for these icequakes. Considerable evidence indicates that the events are the result of a stick–slip type of motion taking place at the bed of the glaciers. The few events we have been able to locate had depths comparable with the glaciers’ thickness. The similarity of wave form from an explosion at the bottom of a glacier and natural icequakes suggests that the complexity of the seismic wave form is due to the path and not the source. The events exhibit an annual trend with more events being recorded in the summer than during the winter. A ten-fold increase in the number of events preceded a large ice avalanche that involved the entire glacier thickness, suggesting that seismic monitoring may be useful in predicting catastrophic ice movements.

scholarly journals Shallow repeating seismic events under an alpine glacier at Mount Rainier, Washington, USA

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (214) ◽  
pp. 345-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weston A. Thelen ◽  
Kate Allstadt ◽  
Silvio De Angelis ◽  
Stephen D. Malone ◽  
Seth C. Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Alpine Glacier ◽  
Volcanic Material ◽  
Mount Rainier ◽  
Frequency Character

AbstractWe observed several swarms of repeating low-frequency (1–5 Hz) seismic events during a 3 week period in May–June 2010, near the summit of Mount Rainier, Washington, USA, that likely were a result of stick–slip motion at the base of alpine glaciers. The dominant set of repeating events (‘multiplets’) featured >4000 individual events and did not exhibit daytime variations in recurrence interval or amplitude. Volcanoes and glaciers around the world are known to produce seismic signals with great variability in both frequency content and size. The low-frequency character and periodic recurrence of the Mount Rainier multiplets mimic long-period seismicity often seen at volcanoes, particularly during periods of unrest. However, their near-surface location, lack of common spectral peaks across the recording network, rapid attenuation of amplitudes with distance, and temporal correlation with weather systems all indicate that ice-related source mechanisms are the most likely explanation. We interpret the low-frequency character of these multiplets to be the result of trapping of seismic energy under glacial ice as it propagates through the highly heterogeneous and attenuating volcanic material. The Mount Rainier multiplet sequences underscore the difficulties in differentiating low-frequency signals due to glacial processes from those caused by volcanic processes on glacier-clad volcanoes.

scholarly journals Seismic Evidence for Discrete Glacier Motion at the Rock–Ice Interface

1979 ◽  
Vol 23 (89) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Weaver ◽  
Stephen D. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Wave ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Seismic Monitoring ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Considerable Evidence ◽  
Glacier Motion ◽  
Ice Avalanche

AbstractSeismic monitoring on three Cascade volcanoes in Washington State, U.S.A., has shown that small seismic events are generated by the active glaciers found on each mountain. Detailed seismic experiments have been conducted to investigate the sources for these icequakes. Considerable evidence indicates that the events are the result of a stick–slip type of motion taking place at the bed of the glaciers. The few events we have been able to locate had depths comparable with the glaciers’ thickness. The similarity of wave form from an explosion at the bottom of a glacier and natural icequakes suggests that the complexity of the seismic wave form is due to the path and not the source. The events exhibit an annual trend with more events being recorded in the summer than during the winter. A ten-fold increase in the number of events preceded a large ice avalanche that involved the entire glacier thickness, suggesting that seismic monitoring may be useful in predicting catastrophic ice movements.

Diagnostic System of Gravitational Solid Flow Based on Weight and Accelerometer Signal Analysis Using Wireless Data Transmission Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Chaniecki ◽  
Krzysztof Grudzień ◽  
Tomasz Jaworski ◽  
Grzegorz Rybak ◽  
Andrzej Romanowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Analysis ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Wireless Data ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Wireless Data Transmission ◽  
Accelerometer Signal ◽  
Flow Investigation ◽  
Material Information

Abstract The paper presents results of the scale-up silo flow investigation in based on accelerometer signal analysis and Wi-Fi transmission, performed in distributed laboratory environment. Prepared, by the authors, a set of 8 accelerometers allows to measure a three-dimensional acceleration vector. The accelerometers were located outside silo, on its perimeter. The accelerometers signal changes allowed to analyze dynamic behavior of solid (vibrations/pulsations) at silo wall during discharging process. These dynamic effects are caused by stick-slip friction between the wall and the granular material. Information about the material pulsations and vibrations is crucial for monitoring the interaction between silo construction and particle during flow. Additionally such spatial position of accelerometers sensor allowed to collect information about nonsymmetrical flow inside silo.

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