scholarly journals Extraction of cross sections from digital elevation model for one‐dimensional dam‐break wave propagation in mountain valleys

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Pilotti
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

scholarly journals One-Dimensional (1D) River Analysis of a River Basin in Southern Luzon Island in the Philippines Using Lidar Digital Elevation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Fibor J. Tan ◽  
Edgardo Jade R. Rarugal ◽  
Francis Aldrine A. Uy
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

Flooding is a perennial problem in the Philippines during the monsoon season intensified by the effects of typhoon. On average, there are 20 typhoons that enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR), and many of these make landfall causing catastrophic aftermath. Extreme rainfall events could lead to flooding in the downstream floodplain and landslide in mountainous terrains. In this study, which is for the case of Calumpang River that drains to the populated and developing region of Batangas City, the focus is on flooding in the floodplain areas. The river was modelled using LiDAR digital elevation model (DEM) that has an accuracy of 20cm in the vertical and 50cm in the horizontal. The result of this is river hydraulic model that can be used to accurately generate flood inundation simulations and flood hazard maps.  

3D geological modelling of the western Aar Massif (external Central Alps, Switzerland)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinando Musso Piantelli ◽  
Marco Herwegh ◽  
Alfons Berger ◽  
Michael Wiederkehr ◽  
Eva Kurmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Central Alps ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Aar Massif ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Tectonic Boundaries

<p>3D modelling of complex and irregular geological bodies is an expanding discipline that combines two-dimensional cartographic and structural data managed with GIS technology. This study presents a complete workflow developed to process geological information to build a 3D model of major stratigraphic, structural and tectonic boundaries. The investigated area is located in the western part of the Aar Massif (external Central Alps, Switzerland) characterized by pronounced topographic (600–<4000 m) relief, making it prone for surface based 3D depth constructions. The workflow comprises four major steps:</p><p>(1)  <strong>Generation of 2D polylines in a map view</strong>: a two-dimensional dataset of sequences of polylines has been generated in ArcGIS (10.3.1) defining the starting dataset for the major stratigraphic and tectonic boundaries of the bedrock units. This dataset has been compiled and integrated by using: (i) GeoCover vector datasets 1:25 000 of the Swiss Geological Survey; (ii) The Geological Special Map 1:100 000 of the Aar Massif and the Tavetsch and Gotthard Nappes of the Swiss Geological Survey; (iii) data from literature; and (iv) additional field work conducted for this study in key-locations.</p><p>(2) <strong>Projection of 2D information onto 3D digital elevation model</strong>: with the 3D structural modelling software Move (Petex/Midland Valley; 2019.1) the boundaries have then been projected on a digital elevation model (swissALTI3D) with 2 m resolution.</p><p>(3) <strong>Construction of tectonic cross sections</strong>: the use of geometric arguments as well as structural measurements allows for projection of these boundaries into a dense regularly spaced network of 2D cross-sections.</p><p>(4) <strong>Interpolation of 3D surfaces</strong>: the surface and cross-sections boundaries can be interpolated by applying 3D projection and meshing techniques resulting in a final 3D structural model.</p><p>Generally, steps (2–4) require iterative adaptations particularly in the case of surface areas being covered by glaciers or unconsolidated Quaternary sediments. In the model, special emphasis is given to visualize the current structural disposition of the western Aar Massif as well as the relative geometric and overprinting relationships of the deformation sequence that shaped the investigated area throughout the Alpine deformation. Finally, since in the investigated area underground data are scarce, an assessment of the relative uncertainties related to input data and is intended to be performed following the approach proposed by Baumberger (2014) and Ferńandez (2005). The workflow presented here offers the chance to gain validation approaches for domains only weakly constrained or with no surface data available, by generating a 3D model that integrates all accessible geological information and background knowledge.</p><p> </p><p>REFERENCES</p><p>Baumberger, R. (2014): Quantification of Lineaments: Link between internal 3D structure and surface evolution 328 of the Hasli valley (Aar massif, central alps, Switzerland), University of Bern, PhD Thesis, unpublished.</p><p>Ferńandez, O. (2005): Obtaining a best fitting plane through 3D georeferenced data, Journal of Structural Geology 27, pp. 855–858</p>

STUDY OF THE LANDSLIDE MORPHOLOGY BASED ON GNSS DATA AND AIRBORNE SOUNDING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A SECTION OF THE PROTVA RIVER VALLEY)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Voskresensky ◽  
A. A. Suchilin ◽  
L. A. Ushakova ◽  
V. M. Shaforostov ◽  
A. L. Entin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Loose Deposits ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Landslide Body ◽  
Elevation Model

To use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for obtaining digital elevation models (DEM) and digital terrain models (DTM) is currently actively practiced in scientific and practical purposes. This technology has many advantages: efficiency, ease of use, and the possibility of application on relatively small area. This allows us to perform qualitative and quantitative studies of the progress of dangerous relief-forming processes and to assess their consequences quickly. In this paper, we describe the process of obtaining a digital elevation model (DEM) of the relief of the slope located on the bank of the Protva River (Satino training site of the Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University). To obtain the digital elevation model, we created a temporary geodetic network. The coordinates of the points were measured by the satellite positioning method using a highprecision mobile complex. The aerial survey was carried out using an unmanned aerial vehicle from a low altitude (about 40–45 m). The processing of survey materials was performed via automatic photogrammetry (Structure-from-Motion method), and the digital elevation model of the landslide surface on the Protva River valley section was created. Remote sensing was supplemented by studying archival materials of aerial photography, as well as field survey conducted immediately after the landslide. The total amount of research results made it possible to establish the causes and character of the landslide process on the study site. According to the geomorphological conditions of formation, the landslide refers to a variety of landslideslides, which are formed when water is saturated with loose deposits. The landslide body was formed with the "collapse" of the blocks of turf and deluvial loams and their "destruction" as they shifted and accumulated at the foot of the slope.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document