scholarly journals Evaluating the complementary relationship of evapotranspiration in the alpine steppe of the Tibetan Plateau

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 1069-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Ma ◽  
Yinsheng Zhang ◽  
Jozsef Szilagyi ◽  
Yanhong Guo ◽  
Jianqing Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Complementary Relationship ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Relationship Of

Soil conservation service on the Tibetan Plateau, 1984–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian SUN ◽  
Yu LIU ◽  
Tiancai ZHOU ◽  
Guohua LIU ◽  
Jingsheng WANG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Regional Ecological Security

ABSTRACTSoil erosion can pose a serious problem to environmental quality and sustainable development. On the Tibetan Plateau, soil erosion is one of the main challenges to regional ecological security. Our analysis investigates soil erosion and evaluates its economic value in alpine steppe, alpine meadow, alpine desert steppe and forest ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. Analysis was carried out from 1984 to 2013. The results show that the annual average potential soil erosion, practical soil erosion and soil conservation calculated by the Revised University Soil Loss Equation model were 2.19×109ta–1, 2.16×109ta–1 and 2.72×107ta–1, respectively. The economic value of retaining soil nutrients, reducing the formation of wasteland and the economic benefit of reducing sediment deposition were 1.98×108RMBa–1, 2.55×1012RMBa–1 and 7.44×104RMBa–1, respectively. From comparing different ecosystems, we found that the forest ecosystem had the greatest soil retention and economic values. We also found that the potential and actual soil erosion values were extremely high on the Tibetan Plateau. The study highlights that state and local policymakers must give greater emphasis to ecological protection in the future.

scholarly journals Precipitation and aridity index regulating spatial patterns of vegetation production and species diversity based on alpine grassland transect, Tibetan Plateau

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Aboveground Net Primary Production ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Unimodal Pattern

Although the relationship between the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) and speciesdiversity (SR) have been widely reported, there is considerable disagreement about the fitting patterns of SR–ANPP, which has been variously described as ‘positive’, ‘negative’, ‘unimodal’, ‘U-shaped’ and so on. Not surprisingly, the effect-factors including precipitation, aridity index and geographic conditions (e.g.,altitude, longitude and latitude) on ANPP and SR continue to interest researchers, especially the effects at high altitude regions. We investigated ANPP and SR from 113 sampled sites (399 plots) across alpine meadow and steppe in the Tibetan Plateau, which included Tibet, Qinghai and Sichuan province. The effects of various environmental factors (precipitation, temperature, aridity index, altitude, longitude,latitude and vegetation type on SR and ANPP) were explored. The results indicate that a unimodal pattern was confirmed between ANPP and SR in alpine steppe (R 2 =0.45, P <0.0001), alpine meadow ( R 2 =0.4, P <0.0001), and all samples across alpine grassland ( R 2 =0.52, P <0.0001). For the aboveground net primary production, the appropriate precipitation and aridity is 600mm and 42, respectively. Under thesame moisture conditions, the maximum value of diversity is 0.75. Longitude ( R 2 =0.69, P <0.0001) and altitude ( R 2 =0.48, P <0.0001) have positive and negative effects on aboveground net primary production, and a similar relationship exists with diversity ( R 2 =0.44, P <0.0001 and R 2 =0.3, P <0.0001).The same patterns of diversity and production responding to precipitation and the aridity index were evident in alpine steppe and meadow, and a unimodal pattern was confirmed between ANPP and SR in both locations.

The Dalai Lama and the Nechung Oracle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Dalai Lama ◽  
Administrative Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Sentient Beings ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This book is about two immortals whose friendship has spanned nearly five hundred years across the Tibetan plateau and beyond. The first immortal is the Dalai Lama, the emanation of a bodhisattva, an enlightened being who voluntarily takes rebirth in the world to benefit sentient beings. The second immortal is a wrathful god named Pehar, who has possessed the Nechung Oracle since the sixteenth century. This book is the first to examine the relationship between these two monolithic figures, which strengthened in the seventeenth century during the reign of the Fifth Dalai Lama (1617–1682). This study is also the first extensive examination of the famed Nechung Oracle and his institution. In the seventeenth century, the protector deity Pehar and his oracle at Nechung Monastery were state-sanctioned by the nascent Tibetan government, becoming the head of an expansive pantheon of worldly deities assigned to protect the newly unified country. While the Fifth Dalai Lama and his government endorsed Pehar as part of a larger unification project, the governments of later Dalai Lamas continued to expand the deity’s influence, and by extension their own, by ritually establishing Pehar at monasteries and temples around Lhasa and across Tibet. Pehar’s cult at Nechung Monastery came to embody the Dalai Lama’s administrative control in a mutually beneficial relationship of protection and prestige, the effects of which continue to reverberate within Tibet and among the Tibetan exile community today.

Water and CO2 fluxes over semiarid alpine steppe and humid alpine meadow ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau

2016 ◽  
Vol 131 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Huizhi Liu ◽  
Yaping Shao ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jihua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Alpine Steppe

Plant and soil responses of an alpine steppe on the Tibetan Plateau to multi-level nitrogen addition

2013 ◽  
Vol 373 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 515-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwen Liu ◽  
Xu-Ri ◽  
Xingliang Xu ◽  
Da Wei ◽  
Yinghong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Soil Responses

scholarly journals Field evidence for earlier leaf-out dates in alpine grassland on the eastern Tibetan Plateau from 1990 to 2006

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 20140291 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Zhou ◽  
B. Q. Yao ◽  
W. X. Xu ◽  
X. Ye ◽  
J. J. Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Alpine Meadow ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Vegetation Communities ◽  
Alpine Steppe ◽  
Field Evidence

Worldwide, many plant species are experiencing an earlier onset of spring phenophases due to climate warming. Rapid recent temperature increases on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) have triggered changes in the spring phenology of the local vegetation. However, remote sensing studies of the land surface phenology have reached conflicting interpretations about green-up patterns observed on the TP since the mid-1990s. We investigated this issue using field phenological observations from 1990 to 2006, for 11 dominant plants on the TP at the levels of species, families (Gramineae—grasses and Cyperaceae—sedges) and vegetation communities (alpine meadow and alpine steppe). We found a significant trend of earlier leaf-out dates for one species ( Koeleria cristata ). The leaf-out dates of both Gramineae and Cyperaceae had advanced (the latter significantly, starting an average of 9 days later per year than the former), but the correlation between them was significant. The leaf-out dates of both vegetation communities also advanced, but the pattern was only significant in the alpine meadow. This study provides the first field evidence of advancement in spring leaf phenology on the TP and suggests that the phenology of the alpine steppe can differ from that of the alpine meadow. These findings will be useful for understanding ecosystem responses to climate change and for grassland management on the TP.

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