scholarly journals The concept of field capacity revisited: Defining intrinsic static and dynamic criteria for soil internal drainage dynamics

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 4787-4802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Assouline ◽  
Dani Or
Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 353 ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Thiago Leite de Alencar ◽  
Arilene Franklin Chaves ◽  
Alcione Guimarães Freire ◽  
Ícaro Vasconcelos do Nascimento ◽  
Alexandre dos Santos Queiroz ◽  
...  

Irriga ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polyanna Mara de Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Marciano da Silva ◽  
Gilberto Coelho ◽  
Ricardo Augusto da Silva

ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DA CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO –HÍDRICA DE UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO DISTRÓFICO IN SITU E EM LABORATÓRIO  Polyanna Mara de Oliveira; Antônio Marciano da Silva; Gilberto Coelho; Ricardo Augusto da SilvaDepartamento de Engenharia, Universidade Federal de Lavras ,Caixa Postal 37, CEP 37200-000, , Lavras, MG,  [email protected]  1 RESUMO Neste trabalho estudaram-se métodos para a estimativa da umidade representativa da capacidade de campo e da condutividade hidráulica não saturada para o Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico, trabalhando com dois métodos, o de perfil instantâneo (HILLEL et al., 1972) e o método empírico de Mualem (1976). Em laboratório foram realizadas a análise granulométrica, densidade do solo, porosidade (macro e microporosidade) e a curva característica de retenção, e em campo, determinaram-se a umidade na capacidade de campo e a condutividade hidráulica. Os resultados encontrados permitem afirmar que a caracterização físico-hídrica do solo em condições de campo mostrou-se mais precisa e confiável em relação às determinações de laboratório sendo que a estimativa da condutividade hidráulica mostrou-se mais consistente com outros atributos do solo e mais representativa da realidade do que aquela baseada em análises laboratoriais. Embora a metodologia de Mualem (1976) possa ser aplicada desde a umidade de saturação até o ponto de murcha permanente, a mesma não mostrou sensibilidade para registrar a influência da macroporosidade sobre a condutividade hidráulica do solo. A estimativa da umidade na capacidade de campo “in situ” ratifica também a melhor performance do método de campo em relação ao laboratorial. UNITERMOS: condutividade hidráulica, capacidade de campo, curva de retenção de água, drenagem interna do solo, atributos físicos do solo.  OLIVEIRA, P. M. de; SILVA, A. M. da; COELHO, G.; SILVA, R. A. COMPARATIVE ANALYSE OF THE PHYSICAL AND WATER CHARACTERIZATION IN FIELD AND LABORATORY CONDITIONS OF DISTROFIC RED LATOSSOL  2 ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study methods to determine significant moisture for field capacity and non-saturated hydraulic conductivity in dystrophic latossol soil using two methods: internal drainage method (Hillel et al., 1972) and empiric method (Mualem, 1976). Granulometric analysis, soil density, porosity (macro and micro porosity) and characteristic retention curve were determined in laboratory; moisture for field capacity and hydraulic conductivity were determined in field conditions. The results showed that physical and hydraulic soil characterization in field conditions is more accurate and reliable than in lab conditions; hydraulic conductivity determination infield conditions was more consistent with other soil attributes and more realistic than the one based on laboratory conditions. Although Mualem’s method (1979) may be used for saturation moisture as well as for permanent internal drainage, it has not presented the same sensitivity to determine the influence of macro porosity on soil hydraulic conductivity. Moisture determination for field capacity under field conditions also corroborates better performance for field methods than laboratory ones.  KEYWORDS: hydraulic conductivity, field capacity, water retention curve, soil internal drainage, soil physical properties 


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Cristian PĂLTINEANU ◽  
◽  
Andrei VRINCEANU ◽  
Anca-Rovena LĂCĂTUȘU ◽  
Radu LĂCĂTUŞU ◽  
...  

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Andersson

Some commonly used assumptions about climatically induced soil moisture fluxes within years and between different parts of a region were challenged with the help of a conceptual soil moisture model. The model was optimised against neutron probe measurements from forest and grassland sites. Five 10 yrs and one 105 yrs long climatic records, from the province of Östergötland, situated in south-central Sweden, were used as driving variables. It was concluded that some of the tested assumptions should not be taken for granted. Among these were the beliefs that interannual variations of soil moisture contents can be neglected in the beginning of the hydrological year and that soils usually are filled up to field capacity after the autumn recharge. The calculated climatic induced dryness was estimated to be rather insensitive to the choice of climatic stations within the region. Monthly ranges of soil moisture deficits (1883-1987) were shown to be skewed and it is therefore recommended to use medians and standard deviations in statistical analyses of “normal” ranges of soil moisture deficits.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
TAPAN K. KHURA ◽  
H. L. KUSHWAHA ◽  
SATISH D LANDE ◽  
PKSAHOO . ◽  
INDRA L . KUSHWAHA

Floriculture is an age-old farming activity in India having immense potential for generating selfemployment and income to farmers. However, the cost of cultivation of flower is high as compared to cereal crop. Level of mechanization for different field operations is one but foremost reason for the higher cost of cultivation. As most of the Indian farmers are marginal and small, a need for manually operated gladiolus planter was felt. The geometric properties of gladiolus corm were determined for designing the seed metering system and seed hopper of the planter. The planter was evaluated in the field when pulled by two persons as a power source and guided by a person. The coefficient of variation and highest deviation from the mean spacing was observed as 12.93% and 2.65cm respectively. The maximum coefficient of uniformity of 90.59% was observed for a nominal corm spacing of 15cm at 0.56 kmh-1 forward speed. An average MISS percentage was observed as 2.65 and 2.25 for nominal corm spacing of 15 and 20 cm. The multiple index was zero for two levels corm spacing and forward speed of operation. The QFI was found in the range of 97.2 and 97.9 percent. The average field capacity of the planter was observed as 0.02 hah-1.The average draft requirement of the planter was found as 821 ± 50.3 N.


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
IM KHAN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.


2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHALA JULIET GUPTA ◽  
ASHISH M. PITRE ◽  
SUMATI CHAVAN PANDURNAG ◽  
SALONI SALIL VANJARI

This paper assessed the impact of the mechanization of the 8 tribal paddy farmers’ groups of Goa benefited in the year 2011 through the Tribal sub-plan program of ICAR-CCARI through results of surveys conducted in 2012 and 2015. Shift to mechanization among beneficiaries was significant in power tillers (64-100%) but less in power reapers(0-91%). Also significant saving in manpower (Power tillers:33.3% to 60%, power reapers: 33.3% to 83.3%), , time (field capacity increased (power tillers : 41.7% to141%, power reapers :58.1% to 912.8%) and cost(power tillers :44.7% to 59.1%, power reapers : 57.8% to 82.9%) was reportedthrough the use of equipment as compared to desi plough or manual methods of harvesting. Some constraints like lack of access roads and training in use and maintenance of the equipment were reported by the beneficiary farmers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Winarna Winarna ◽  
Iput Pradiko ◽  
Muhdan Syarovy ◽  
Fandi Hidayat

Development of oil palm plantation on peatland was faced with hydrophobicity problem caused by over drained. Hydrophobicity could reduce water retention and nutrient availability in the peat soil. Beside of proper water management application, addition of soil ameliorant which contain iron could increase stability and improve peat soil fertility. The study was conducted to obtain the effect of steel slag on peat soil properties and hydrophobicity. In this study, peat soil was incorporated with steel slag and incubated in 60 days period. The research was employed completely randomized design (CRD) factorial 2 x 2 x 4. First factor is peat maturity consists of two levels: sapric (S) and hemic (H), while the second factor is soil moisture which also consist of two levels: field capacity (W1) and dry (under the critical water content) (W2). The third factor is steel slag dosage which consist of four levels: 0 g pot (TB0), 7.17 g pot (TB1), 14.81 g -1 -1 pot (TB2), and 22.44 g pot (TB3). The result showed that application of steel slag significantly increase of soil pH, ash content, and water retention at pF 4.2. Furthermore, application of steel slag significantly reduce time for water reabsorption (wettability) in sapric. On the other hand, there are negative corellation between water penetration and soil pH, ash content, and water retention at pF 4.2. Overall, application of steel slag could increase wettability and prevent peat soil hydrophobicity.


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