scholarly journals Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Exploring key model physics in climate simulations

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 4718-4748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianan Jiang ◽  
Duane E. Waliser ◽  
Prince K. Xavier ◽  
Jon Petch ◽  
Nicholas P. Klingaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Climate Simulations

scholarly journals Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian Oscillation: Biases and uncertainties at short range

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 4749-4763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince K. Xavier ◽  
Jon C. Petch ◽  
Nicholas P. Klingaman ◽  
Steve J. Woolnough ◽  
Xianan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Range ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Physical Processes

scholarly journals Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Synthesis and summary

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 4671-4689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Klingaman ◽  
Xianan Jiang ◽  
Prince K. Xavier ◽  
Jon Petch ◽  
Duane Waliser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Physical Processes

scholarly journals Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Linking hindcast fidelity to simulated diabatic heating and moistening

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 4690-4717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Klingaman ◽  
Steven J. Woolnough ◽  
Xianan Jiang ◽  
Duane Waliser ◽  
Prince K. Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Diabatic Heating ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Physical Processes

scholarly journals The Future of Midlatitude Cyclones

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Catto ◽  
Duncan Ackerley ◽  
James F. Booth ◽  
Adrian J. Champion ◽  
Brian A. Colle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extratropical Cyclones ◽  
Latent Heating ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Structure Characteristics ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
The Future

Abstract Purpose of Review This review brings together recent research on the structure, characteristics, dynamics, and impacts of extratropical cyclones in the future. It draws on research using idealized models and complex climate simulations, to evaluate what is known and unknown about these future changes. Recent Findings There are interacting processes that contribute to the uncertainties in future extratropical cyclone changes, e.g., changes in the horizontal and vertical structure of the atmosphere and increasing moisture content due to rising temperatures. Summary While precipitation intensity will most likely increase, along with associated increased latent heating, it is unclear to what extent and for which particular climate conditions this will feedback to increase the intensity of the cyclones. Future research could focus on bridging the gap between idealized models and complex climate models, as well as better understanding of the regional impacts of future changes in extratropical cyclones.

Convective Momentum Transport Associated with the Madden–Julian Oscillation Based on a Reanalysis Dataset

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 5763-5782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Oh ◽  
Xianan Jiang ◽  
Duane E. Waliser ◽  
Mitchell W. Moncrieff ◽  
Richard H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Momentum Transport ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Wind Component ◽  
Madden Julian Oscillation ◽  
Subgrid Scale ◽  
Free Atmosphere ◽  
Reanalysis Dataset ◽  
Convective Momentum Transport

Abstract A better understanding of multiscale interactions within the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), including momentum exchanges, is critical for improved MJO prediction skill. In this study, convective momentum transport (CMT) associated with the MJO is analyzed based on the NOAA Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR). A three-layer vertical structure associated with the MJO, as previously suggested in the mesoscale momentum tendency profile based on global cloud-resolving model simulations, is evident in the subgrid-scale momentum tendency from the CFSR. Positive (negative) subgrid-scale momentum tendency anomalies are found near the surface, negative (positive) anomalies are found in the low to midtroposphere, and positive (negative) anomalies in the upper troposphere are found within and to the west (east) of the MJO convection. This tends to damp the MJO circulation in the free atmosphere, while enhancing MJO winds near the surface. In addition, it could also reduce the MJO eastward propagation speed and lead to the backward tilt with height in the observed MJO structure through a secondary circulation near the MJO center. Further analyses illustrate that this three-layer vertical structure in subgrid-scale momentum tendency largely balances the grid-scale momentum transport of the zonal wind component u, mainly through the transport of seasonal mean u by the MJO-scale vertical motion. Synoptic-scale systems, which were previously proposed to be essential for the u-momentum transport of the MJO, however, are found to play a minor role for the total grid-scale momentum tendency. The above momentum tendency structure is also confirmed with the ECMWF analysis for the Year of Tropical Convection (YOTC) that lends confidence to these above results based on the CFSR.

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