scholarly journals Mapping of North American methane emissions with high spatial resolution by inversion of SCIAMACHY satellite data

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 7741-7756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Wecht ◽  
Daniel J. Jacob ◽  
Christian Frankenberg ◽  
Zhe Jiang ◽  
Donald R. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
North American ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Methane Emissions

scholarly journals Exploitation of Sentinel-2 Time Series to Map Burned Areas at the National Level: A Case Study on the 2017 Italy Wildfires

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Filipponi
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Satellite Data ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Commission Error ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
Sentinel 2

Satellite data play a major role in supporting knowledge about fire severity by delivering rapid information to map fire-damaged areas in a precise and prompt way. The high availability of free medium-high spatial resolution optical satellite data, offered by the Copernicus Programme, has enabled the development of more detailed post-fire mapping. This research study deals with the exploitation of Sentinel-2 time series to map burned areas, taking advantages from the high revisit frequency and improved spatial and spectral resolution of the MSI optical sensor. A novel procedure is here presented to produce medium-high spatial resolution burned area mapping using dense Sentinel-2 time series with no a priori knowledge about wildfire occurrence or burned areas spatial distribution. The proposed methodology is founded on a threshold-based classification based on empirical observations that discovers wildfire fingerprints on vegetation cover by means of an abrupt change detection procedure. Effectiveness of the procedure in mapping medium-high spatial resolution burned areas at the national level was demonstrated for a case study on the 2017 Italy wildfires. Thematic maps generated under the Copernicus Emergency Management Service were used as reference products to assess the accuracy of the results. Multitemporal series of three different spectral indices, describing wildfire disturbance, were used to identify burned areas and compared to identify their performances in terms of spectral separability. Result showed a total burned area for the Italian country in the year 2017 of around 1400 km2, with the proposed methodology generating a commission error of around 25% and an omission error of around 40%. Results demonstrate how the proposed procedure allows for the medium-high resolution mapping of burned areas, offering a benchmark for the development of new operational downstreaming services at the national level based on Copernicus data for the systematic monitoring of wildfires.

scholarly journals Estimating global and North American methane emissions with high spatial resolution using GOSAT satellite data

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 7049-7069 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Turner ◽  
D. J. Jacob ◽  
K. J. Wecht ◽  
J. D. Maasakkers ◽  
E. Lundgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
North American ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Chemical Transport Model ◽  
Error Characterization ◽  
Methane Source

Abstract. We use 2009–2011 space-borne methane observations from the Greenhouse Gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) to estimate global and North American methane emissions with 4° × 5° and up to 50 km × 50 km spatial resolution, respectively. GEOS-Chem and GOSAT data are first evaluated with atmospheric methane observations from surface and tower networks (NOAA/ESRL, TCCON) and aircraft (NOAA/ESRL, HIPPO), using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model as a platform to facilitate comparison of GOSAT with in situ data. This identifies a high-latitude bias between the GOSAT data and GEOS-Chem that we correct via quadratic regression. Our global adjoint-based inversion yields a total methane source of 539 Tg a−1 with some important regional corrections to the EDGARv4.2 inventory used as a prior. Results serve as dynamic boundary conditions for an analytical inversion of North American methane emissions using radial basis functions to achieve high resolution of large sources and provide error characterization. We infer a US anthropogenic methane source of 40.2–42.7 Tg a−1, as compared to 24.9–27.0 Tg a−1 in the EDGAR and EPA bottom-up inventories, and 30.0–44.5 Tg a−1 in recent inverse studies. Our estimate is supported by independent surface and aircraft data and by previous inverse studies for California. We find that the emissions are highest in the southern–central US, the Central Valley of California, and Florida wetlands; large isolated point sources such as the US Four Corners also contribute. Using prior information on source locations, we attribute 29–44 % of US anthropogenic methane emissions to livestock, 22–31 % to oil/gas, 20 % to landfills/wastewater, and 11–15 % to coal. Wetlands contribute an additional 9.0–10.1 Tg a−1.

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