Variability in the meteoric water, sea-ice melt, and Pacific water contributions to the central Arctic Ocean, 2000-2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1573-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Alkire ◽  
James Morison ◽  
Roger Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Pacific Water ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ice Melt

scholarly journals Liquid export of Arctic freshwater components through the Fram Strait 1998–2011

Ocean Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rabe ◽  
P. A. Dodd ◽  
E. Hansen ◽  
E. Falck ◽  
U. Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Fram Strait ◽  
Pacific Water ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Abstract. We estimated the magnitude and composition of southward liquid freshwater transports in the East Greenland Current near 79° N in the Western Fram Strait between 1998 and 2011. Previous studies have found this region to be an important pathway for liquid freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to the Nordic Seas and the North Atlantic subpolar gyre. Our transport estimates are based on six hydrographic surveys between June and September and concurrent data from moored current meters. We combined concentrations of liquid freshwater, meteoric water (river water and precipitation), sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation, and Pacific Water, presented in Dodd et al. (2012), with volume transport estimates from an inverse model. The average of the monthly snapshots of southward liquid freshwater transports between 10.6° W and 4° E is 100 ± 23 mSv (3160 ± 730 km3 yr−1), relative to a salinity of 34.9. This liquid freshwater transport consists of about 130% water from rivers and precipitation (meteoric water), 30% freshwater from the Pacific, and −60% (freshwater deficit) due to a mixture of sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation. Pacific Water transports showed the highest variation in time, effectively vanishing in some of the surveys. Comparison of our results to the literature indicates that this was due to atmospherically driven variability in the advection of Pacific Water along different pathways through the Arctic Ocean. Variations in most liquid freshwater component transports appear to have been most strongly influenced by changes in the advection of these water masses to the Fram Strait. However, the local dynamics represented by the volume transports influenced the liquid freshwater component transports in individual years, in particular those of sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation. Our results show a similar ratio of the transports of meteoric water and net sea ice melt as previous studies. However, we observed a significant increase in this ratio between the surveys in 1998 and in 2009. This can be attributed to higher concentrations of sea ice melt in 2009 that may have been due to enhanced advection of freshwater from the Beaufort Gyre to the Fram Strait. Known trends and variability in the Arctic liquid freshwater inflow from rivers are not likely to have had a significant influence on the variation of liquid freshwater component transports between our surveys. On the other hand, known freshwater inflow variability from the Pacific could have caused some of the variation we observed in the Fram Strait. The apparent absence of a trend in southward liquid freshwater transports through the Fram Strait and recent evidence of an increase in liquid freshwater storage in the Arctic Ocean raise the question: how fast will the accumulated liquid freshwater be exported from the Arctic Ocean to the deep water formation regions in the North Atlantic and will an increased export occur through the Fram Strait.

scholarly journals Cyclone impact on sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean: a statistical study

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kriegsmann ◽  
B. Brümmer
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Model Composite ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This study investigates the impact of cyclones on the Arctic Ocean sea ice for the first time in a statistical manner. We apply the coupled ice–ocean model NAOSIM which is forced by the ECMWF analyses for the period 2006–2008. Cyclone position and radius detected in the ECMWF data are used to extract fields of wind, ice drift, and concentration from the ice–ocean model. Composite fields around the cyclone centre are calculated for different cyclone intensities, the four seasons, and different sub-regions of the Arctic Ocean. In total about 3500 cyclone events are analyzed. In general, cyclones reduce the ice concentration in the order of a few percent increasing towards the cyclone centre. This is confirmed by independent AMSR-E satellite data. The reduction increases with cyclone intensity and is most pronounced in summer and on the Siberian side of the Arctic Ocean. For the Arctic ice cover the cumulative impact of cyclones has climatologic consequences. In winter, the cyclone-induced openings refreeze so that the ice mass is increased. In summer, the openings remain open and the ice melt is accelerated via the positive albedo feedback. Strong summer storms on the Siberian side of the Arctic Ocean may have been important contributions to the recent ice extent minima in 2007 and 2012.

scholarly journals Cyclone impact on sea ice in the central Arctic Ocean: a statistical study

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1141-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kriegsmann ◽  
B. Brümmer
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Model Composite ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Arctic Ice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. This study investigates the impact of cyclones on the Arctic Ocean sea ice for the first time in a statistical manner. We apply the coupled ice–ocean model NAOSIM which is forced by the ECMWF analyses for the period 2006–2008. Cyclone position and radius detected in the ECMWF data are used to extract fields of wind, ice drift, and concentration from the ice–ocean model. Composite fields around the cyclone centre are calculated for different cyclone intensities, the four seasons, and different regions of the Arctic Ocean. In total about 3500 cyclone events are analyzed. In general, cyclones reduce the ice concentration on the order of a few percent increasing towards the cyclone centre. This is confirmed by independent AMSR-E satellite data. The reduction increases with cyclone intensity and is most pronounced in summer and on the Siberian side of the Arctic Ocean. For the Arctic ice cover the impact of cyclones has climatologic consequences. In winter, the cyclone-induced openings refreeze so that the ice mass is increased. In summer, the openings remain open and the ice melt is accelerated via the positive albedo feedback. Strong summer storms on the Siberian side of the Arctic Ocean may have been important reasons for the recent ice extent minima in 2007 and 2012.

scholarly journals Diazotroph Diversity in the Sea Ice, Melt Ponds, and Surface Waters of the Eurasian Basin of the Central Arctic Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Fernández-Méndez ◽  
Kendra A. Turk-Kubo ◽  
Pier L. Buttigieg ◽  
Josephine Z. Rapp ◽  
Thomas Krumpen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Melt Ponds ◽  
Eurasian Basin

scholarly journals Coastal acidification induced by biogeochemical processes driven by sea-ice melt in the western Arctic ocean

Polar Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 100504
Author(s):  
Di Qi ◽  
Baoshan Chen ◽  
Liqi Chen ◽  
Hongmei Lin ◽  
Zhongyong Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Western Arctic Ocean ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
Coastal Acidification

scholarly journals Chytrid fungi distribution and co-occurrence with diatoms correlate with sea ice melt in the Arctic Ocean

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle S. Kilias ◽  
Leandro Junges ◽  
Luka Šupraha ◽  
Guy Leonard ◽  
Katja Metfies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
The Arctic Ocean

Sea ice melt and meteoric water distributions in Nares Strait, Baffin Bay, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Alkire ◽  
Kelly K. Falkner ◽  
Timothy Boyd ◽  
Robie W. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Baffin Bay ◽  
Ice Melt ◽  
Nares Strait

scholarly journals River runoff, sea ice meltwater, and Pacific water distribution and mean residence times in the Arctic Ocean

2001 ◽  
Vol 106 (C5) ◽  
pp. 9075-9092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Ekwurzel ◽  
Peter Schlosser ◽  
Richard A. Mortlock ◽  
Richard G. Fairbanks ◽  
James H. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Pacific Water ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Mean Residence Times

scholarly journals rRNA and rDNA based assessment of sea ice protist biodiversity from the central Arctic Ocean

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anique Stecher ◽  
Stefan Neuhaus ◽  
Benjamin Lange ◽  
Stephan Frickenhaus ◽  
Bánk Beszteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Central Arctic Ocean
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