scholarly journals Spatiotemporal analysis of the January Northern Hemisphere circumpolar vortex over the contiguous United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 3602-3608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Ballinger ◽  
Michael J. Allen ◽  
Robert V. Rohli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Circumpolar Vortex

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Near-Miss Violent Tornadoes in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua J. Hatzis ◽  
Jennifer Koch ◽  
Harold E. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Southern Plains ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Proportional Allocation ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Circular Grid

Abstract In the hazards literature, a near-miss is defined as an event that had a nontrivial probability of causing loss of life or property but did not due to chance. Frequent near-misses can desensitize the public to tornado risk and reduce responses to warnings. Violent tornadoes rarely hit densely populated areas, but when they do they can cause substantial loss of life. It is unknown how frequently violent tornadoes narrowly miss a populated area. To address this question, this study looks at the spatial distribution of possible exposures of people to violent tornadoes in the United States. We collected and replicated tornado footprints for all reported U.S. violent tornadoes between 1995 and 2016, across a uniform circular grid, with a radius of 40 km and a resolution of 0.5 km, surrounding the centroid of the original footprint. We then estimated the number of people exposed to each tornado footprint using proportional allocation. We found that violent tornadoes tended to touch down in less populated areas with only 33.1% potentially impacting 5000 persons or more. Hits and near-misses were most common in the Southern Plains and Southeast United States with the highest risk in central Oklahoma and northern Alabama. Knowledge about the location of frequent near-misses can help emergency managers and risk communicators target communities that might be more vulnerable, due to an underestimation of tornado risk, for educational campaigns. By increasing educational efforts in these high-risk areas, it might be possible to improve local knowledge and reduce casualties when violent tornadoes do hit.

A mosasaur from the Maastrichtian Fox Hills Formation of the northern Western Interior Seaway of the United States and the synonymy of Mosasaurus maximus with Mosasaurus hoffmanni (Reptilia: Mosasauridae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Harrell ◽  
J.E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Ontogenetic Stage ◽  
Western Interior Seaway ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
The North

AbstractWe report here a large mosasaur skull, preserved three-dimensionally in a concretion recovered from Ziebach County, South Dakota, USA. This fossil represents the first articulated mosasaur skull from the Trail City Member of the Fox Hills Formation and the first definitive occurrence of Mosasaurus hoffmanni Mantell, 1829 from that area and the northernmost occurrence in the Western Interior Seaway, greatly extending the paleobiogeographic range of this taxon. The age of this specimen is determined to be between 68.3 and 67.6 Ma based on the associated invertebrate fauna. Although previous authors have suggested synonomy of the North American Mosasaurus maximus Cope, 1869 and the European M. hoffmanni, this is the most comprehensive analysis to date and is based on comparisons with Mosasaurus specimens recovered across the Northern Hemisphere, allowing an emended diagnosis of the species M. hoffmanni. Minor differences are considered individual variation or to reflect ontogenetic stage, including slender dentaries in some individuals, range of development of the C-shaped notch of the coronoid and differences in the shape of the supratemporal fenestra.

scholarly journals Progression of COVID‐19 From Urban to Rural Areas in the United States: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Prevalence Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Paul ◽  
Ahmed A. Arif ◽  
Oluwaseun Adeyemi ◽  
Subhanwita Ghosh ◽  
Dan Han
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Prevalence Rates

scholarly journals Global forecast of the consequences of climate warming in the Northern hemisphere

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
International Team ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement

An international team of researchers from Finland, Norway and the United States claims that nearly four million people and 70% of the existing permafrost infrastructure are in areas with high prospect of defrosting of its active layers by the middle of the 21st century as a result of climate warming. The authors declare that even achieving the objectives of the Paris Climate Agreement will not significantly reduce the predicted effects. The data are available in the article «Degrading permafrost puts Arctic infrastructure at risk by mid-century» published in the journal «Nature Communications» on December 11, 2018.

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